Abstract: A wafer chuck illumination device for illuminating a light source to detect a position of foreign substances polluting a wafer chuck is provided. The device includes a lamp for generating a white light source, and a collimator lens for transforming the white light source into a beam of parallel rays and for directing the beam of parallel rays to a wafer chuck for detecting and cleaning foreign substances on the wafer chuck.

Abstract: A novel circumcision clamp which enables one to easily perform a circumcision operation without inducing bleeding and shortens the operating time is comprised of: a pair of crossed members (31, 31a) has handles (30) with finger loops at the proximal ends. A pivot (32) is disposed at a center of the crossed members for moving back and forth from each other about a common axis. A pair of first and second compression rings (10, 20) forms annular disk shape with a stitching means. The pair of annular disk shaped compression rings (10, 20) is integrally attached at the other proximal ends of the crossed members (31 or 31a) to mate parallel each other. Thus, the foreskin is able to clamp between the parallel mating surface of the annular disk shaped compression rings (10, 20). A plurality of paired stitching device is disposed on the parallel mating surface of the annular disk shaped compression rings (10, 20).

Abstract: A high-speed add-compare selection apparatus, for a Viterbi algorithm processing apparatus having a branch metric calculator and a metric memory, is described. First and second previous metric values are supplied from the metric memory to first and second registers. The first previous metric value from the first register and a branch metric value of the present state calculated by the branch metric calculator are added, as are the second previous metric value from the second register and a branch metric value of the next state calculated by the branch metric calculator. The values obtained are compared and a survival metric value calculated accordingly.

Abstract: A method for preparing a high-heat-resistant-epoxy-resin composition which comprises adding, as catalytic curing agent, a quinoxalinium salt having a benzyl group to difunctional and multifunctional epoxy resin and thermoset resin having a similar structure. The epoxy-resin composition obtained by the present invention is excellent in its impregnating property, processability, impact resistance, drug resistance, electric-insulating property, and adhesiveness.

Abstract: A method for preparing a high-heat-resistant-epoxy-resin composition which comprises adding, as catalytic curing agent, a pyrazinium salt having a benzyl group to difunctional and multifunctional epoxy resin and thermoset resin having a similar structure. The epoxy-resin composition obtained by the present invention is excellent in its impregnating property, processability, impact resistance, drug resistance, electric-insulating property, and adhesiveness.

Abstract: A heat-curable resin composition comprising a multifunctional epoxy resin monomer and a heat-latent curing agent of formula (I) provides a cured epoxy resin having good thermal and dimensional stability: ##STR1## wherein: R is hydrogen, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group.