Abstract: Provided is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a hot-dip zinc-based plating layer formed on the base steel sheet. The hot-dip zinc-based plating layer includes a Zn single phase having an average equivalent circular diameter of 120 ?m or less as a microstructure. In the Zn single phase, a Zn single phase having a crystal structure of which a {0001} plane is parallel to a surface of the steel sheet, is provided in an area fraction of 70% or less.

Abstract: A spherical 3D tumor spheroid according to an aspect has an appropriate diameter, roundness and specificity so as to be suitably used in vitro, and expresses an ECM structure similar to that of in vivo tumor, and thus may be used in evaluating the efficacy of drug for treating various types of tumors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet having excellent galling resistance and formability, and a method for manufacturing the same. The hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet, includes: a base steel; and a hot-rolled galvanizing layer formed on the surface of the base steel, wherein the hot-rolled galvanizing layer provides a hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet having a Mn crystallite having a size of 10 ?m or less between the resin dendrites of zinc that form sequins.

Abstract: Provided is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having excellent low-temperature adhesion and workability, and a manufacturing method therefor, the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet comprising: an inhibition layer formed on a base steel sheet and comprising an Fe—Al-based intermetallic alloy phase; a hot-dip galvanized layer formed on the inhibition layer; and an Al—Mn-based alloy phase discontinuously formed between the inhibition layer and the hot-dip galvanized layer.

Abstract: Provided are a three-dimensional (3D) fibroblast cluster, a method of preparing the same, an in vitro 3D skin dermis model including a fibroblast cluster cultured from a fibroblast, and a method of screening a drug by using the in vitro 3D skin dermis model.

Abstract: Zn alloy plated steel material having excellent weldability and processed-part corrosion resistance and a method for production of Zn alloy plated steel material are provided. In the Zn alloy plated steel material comprising base steel material and a Zn alloy plating layer, the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by wt %, Al: 0.1-5.0%, Mg: 0.1-5.0%, as well as a remainder of Zn and inevitable impurities. The Zn alloy plated steel material includes a lower interface layer and an upper interface layer between the base steel material and the Zn alloy plating layer, wherein the lower interface layer is formed on the base steel material and has a dense structure, and the upper interface layer is formed on the lower interface layer and has a network-type or island-type structure.

Abstract: A high specific strength steel sheet and a method for manufacturing same are disclosed. The high specific strength steel sheet, which is an aspect of the present invention, is characterized in that an Fe—Al-based intermetallic compound having an average particle diameter of 20 ?m or less is homogeneously dispersed in an austenite matrix, the volume fraction of the Fe—Al-based intermetallic compound is 1 to 50%, and the volume fraction of ?-carbide ((Fe,Mn)3AlC) which is a perovskite carbide and has an L12 structure is 15% or less.

Abstract: Provided are a hydrogel composition with high viscoelasticity and a bioink composition including the hydrogel composition. The hydrogel composition according to an embodiment is composed of natural biocompatible substances and thus is not toxic, but has high viscosity, resulting in high mechanical stability or long persistence. Thus, the hydrogel composition may be usefully utilized as a bioink composition for bioprinting, a support in tissue engineering, or a soft tissue filler.

Abstract: Zn alloy plated steel material having excellent weldability and processed-part corrosion resistance and a method for production of Zn alloy plated steel material are provided. In the Zn alloy plated steel material comprising base steel material and a Zn alloy plating layer, the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by wt %, Al: 0.1-5.0%, Mg: 0.1-5.0%, as well as a remainder of Zn and inevitable impurities. The Zn alloy plated steel material includes a lower interface layer and an upper interface layer between the base steel material and the Zn alloy plating layer, wherein the lower interface layer is formed on the base steel material and has a dense structure, and the upper interface layer is formed on the lower interface layer and has a network-type or island-type structure.

Abstract: Provided are an in vitro fibrosis model, a method of preparing the in vitro model, and use of the in vitro model, the in vitro model including a cell cluster differentiated from mesenchymal cells, wherein the cell cluster exhibits pathological characteristics of fibrosis.

Abstract: Zn alloy plated steel material having excellent weldability and processed-part corrosion resistance and a method for production of Zn alloy plated steel material are provided. In the Zn alloy plated steel material comprising base steel material and a Zn alloy plating layer, the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by wt %, Al: 0.1-5.0%, Mg: 0.1-5.0%, as well as a remainder of Zn and inevitable impurities. The Zn alloy plated steel material includes a lower interface layer and an upper interface layer between the base steel material and the Zn alloy plating layer, wherein the lower interface layer is formed on the base steel material and has a dense structure, and the upper interface layer is formed on the lower interface layer and has a network-type or island-type structure.

Abstract: A Zn alloy plated steel sheet having excellent phosphatability and spot weldability and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. In the Zn alloy plated steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a Zn alloy plating layer, the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by wt %, Al: 0.5-2.8%, Mg: 0.5-2.8%, and a remainder of Zn and inevitable impurities, and a cross-sectional structure of the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by area percentage, more than 50% of a Zn single phase structure and less than 50% of a Zn—Al—Mg-based intermetallic compound. A surface structure of the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by area percentage, 40% or less of a Zn single phase structure and 60% or more of a Zn—Al—Mg-based intermetallic compound.

Abstract: Provided are a hot-dipped galvanized steel material and a method for manufacturing the same. The hot-dipped galvanized steel material comprises an iron substrate and a hot-dipped galvanizing layer formed on the iron substrate, wherein the hot-dipped galvanizing layer comprises, by wt %, 0.01 to 0.5% of Al, 0.01 to 1.5% of Mg, 0.05 to 1.5% of Mn, 0.1 to 6% of Fe, and the balance of Zn and inevitable impurities, with a Zn—Fe—Mn based alloy phase present at the interface between the iron substrate and the hot-dipped galvanizing layer, and an area ratio of the Zn—Fe—Mn-based alloy phase to the hot-dipped galvanizing layer ranging from 1 to 60%.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparing a three-dimensional cell spheroid, the method including forming the cell spheroid by co-culturing adipose-derived stem cells or mesenchymal stem cells with hepatocytes. According to the cell spheroid prepared by the method, the secretome secreted by the adipose-derived stem cells affects hepatocyte maturation, and therefore, hepatic functions of the finally formed three-dimensional cell spheroid, i.e., organoid, may be enhanced. Further, a composition including a culture medium of the adipose-derived stem cells may prevent or treat liver diseases including hepatitis, hepatotoxicity, cholestasis, fatty liver, etc., and may enhance hepatic functions.

Abstract: Disclosed are a hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet having excellent galling resistance and formability, and a method for manufacturing the same. The hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet, includes: a base steel; and a hot-rolled galvanizing layer formed on the surface of the base steel, wherein the hot-rolled galvanizing layer provides a hot-rolled galvanized steel sheet having a Mn crystallite having a size of 10 ?m or less between the resin dendrites of zinc that form sequins.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an input interface configured to receive first input information relating to a sharing content operation, a communication interface configured to receive second input information relating to the sharing content operation from at least one external electronic device, a memory configured to store at least one instruction relating to processing of the sharing content, and a processor electronically connected to the input interface, the communication interface, and the memory, where the processor, upon executing the least one instruction, is configured to determine collision occurrence possibility of the first input information and the second input information, and to apply a specified effect corresponding to the collision occurrence possibility.

Abstract: A Zn alloy plated steel sheet having excellent phosphatability and spot weldability and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. In the Zn alloy plated steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a Zn alloy plating layer, the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by wt %, Al: 0.5-2.8%, Mg: 0.5-2.8%, and a remainder of Zn and inevitable impurities, and a cross-sectional structure of the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by area percentage, more than 50% of a Zn single phase structure and less than 50% of a Zn—Al—Mg-based intermetallic compound. A surface structure of the Zn alloy plating layer includes, by area percentage, 40% or less of a Zn single phase structure and 60% or more of a Zn—Al—Mg-based intermetallic compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of differentiating mesenchymal stem cells or adult stem cells into nerve cells by treating the mesenchymal stem cells or the adult stem cells with an electromagnetic field having a high intensity of 100 to 1,500 mT and a low frequency of 0.01 to 100 Hz. These methods also provide injecting the mesenchymal stem cells or adult stem cells into a subject prior to treating the mesenchymal stem cells or adult stem cells with an electromagnetic field having a high intensity of 100 to 1,500 mT and a low frequency of 0.01 to 100 Hz.

Abstract: Provided is a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet including a base steel sheet and a hot-dip zinc-based plating layer formed on the base steel sheet. The hot-dip zinc-based plating layer includes a Zn single phase having an average equivalent circular diameter of 120 ?m or less as a microstructure. In the Zn single phase, a Zn single phase having a crystal structure of which a {0001} plane is parallel to a surface of the steel sheet, is provided in an area fraction of 70% or less.

Abstract: Provided are a zinc alloy plated steel sheet and a method for manufacturing the zinc alloy plated steel sheet. The zinc alloy plated steel sheet includes a base steel sheet and a zinc alloy plating layer, wherein the zinc alloy plating layer includes a Zn single phase structure as a microstructure and a Zn—Al—Mg-based intermetallic compound, and the Zn single phase structure has a degree (f) of (0001) preferred orientation expressed by Formula 1 below within a range of 50% or greater. [Formula 1] f(%)=(Ibasal/Itotal)×100 where Itotal refers to the integral of all diffraction peaks of the Zn single phase structure when an X-ray diffraction pattern is measured within a range of 2 theta from 10° to 100° using a Cu-K? source, and Ibasal refers to the integral of diffraction peaks of the Zn single phase relating to a basal plane.