Abstract: There is provided a cooperative driving control method based on a vehicle security status. The cooperative driving method according to an embodiment includes: identifying a security status of a cooperative driving target vehicle; determining a cooperative driving strategy according to the identified security status; and controlling driving according to the determined cooperative driving strategy. Accordingly, cooperative driving may be performed or excluded based on a security status of a target vehicle, so that an accident may be prevented from being caused by cooperative driving with a problematic vehicle, and safety of a driver and an occupant may be guaranteed.

Abstract: A method, performed by a user equipment (UE), of transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system, according to an embodiment, includes receiving a logical channel release request from a next-generation node B (gNB), determining a logical channel to release, an operation mode of the logical channel to release, and whether a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer apparatus connected to the logical channel is re-established, based on the logical channel release request, and performing PDCP data recovery based on the determination result.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes a first base portion, a second base portion facing the first base portion, a light emitting layer disposed on one surface of the first base portion and emitting first light, a first wavelength conversion pattern disposed on the light emitting layer and converting the first light into second light having a different wavelength from the first light, a first color filter overlapping the first wavelength conversion pattern on one surface of the second base portion and spaced apart from the first wavelength conversion pattern, and an air layer interposed between the first wavelength conversion pattern and the first color filter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided in a wireless communication system. Packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) configuration information that configures a PDCP entity of the terminal to use an uplink data compression (UDC) is received from a base station. The PDCP entity generates a UDC header and a UDC data block, based on the PDCP configuration information. The PDCP entity ciphers the UDC header and the UDC data block. The PDCP entity generates PDCP data including a PDCP header, the ciphered UDC header and the ciphered UDC data block. The generated PDCP data is transmitted to the base station. A header compression is not configured in case that the UDC is configured.

Abstract: A hair dye dispenser according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing having an opening hole formed on one side of which a hair dye is provided, a plurality of cartridges disposed inside the housing and accommodating at least one dyeing material, a main body in which the plurality of cartridges are rotatably disposed, a main motor for rotating the main body so that a first cartridge of the plurality of cartridges is located adjacent to the opening hole, a discharge module for discharging the dyeing material contained in the first cartridge, and an accommodating body in which a basket accommodating the dyeing material discharged by the discharge module is placed, wherein the discharge module may include an elevating body that pressurizes the first cartridge when moving up and is separated from the first cartridge when moving down.

Abstract: A method of preparing a thiomethylphenol derivative is disclosed, the method including: (a) carrying out a primary reaction of a phenol derivative represented by the following Chemical Formula 2, a mercaptan derivative represented by R4SH, and paraformaldehyde at a reaction temperature T1 under conditions in which a heterocyclic base having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and an acid are simultaneously present; and (b) carrying out a secondary reaction at a reaction temperature T2 to prepare a thiomethylphenol derivative represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, wherein T1<T2 is satisfied.

Abstract: An outdoor display apparatus having enhanced temperature stability comprises: a display panel having a driver board; a rear bracket having at least one opening for air circulation that is coupled to the display panel having the driver board; and a housing for accommodating a rear bracket coupled to the display panel, wherein: the inlet is formed at a lower portion of a rear surface of the housing, the outlet is formed at an upper portion of a rear surface of the housing, and air flows through a first clearance space existing between the front surface of the display panel and the transparent optical member, a second clearance space existing between the rear surface of the display panel and the rear bracket having the opening for air circulation, and a third clearance space existing between the rear bracket having the opening for air circulation and the housing.

Abstract: An outdoor display apparatus having enhanced temperature stability comprises: a display panel having a driver board; a rear bracket having at least one opening for air circulation that is coupled to the display panel having the driver board; and a housing for accommodating a rear bracket coupled to the display panel, wherein: the inlet is formed at a lower portion of a rear surface of the housing, the outlet is formed at an upper portion of a rear surface of the housing, and air flows through a first clearance space existing between the front surface of the display panel and the transparent optical member, a second clearance space existing between the rear surface of the display panel and the rear bracket having the opening for air circulation, and a third clearance space existing between the rear bracket having the opening for air circulation and the housing.

Abstract: An outdoor display apparatus having enhanced temperature stability comprises: a display panel having a driver board; a rear bracket coupled to the display panel; and a housing for accommodating a rear bracket coupled to the display panel, being coupled to a transparent optical member disposed on a front surface of the display panel and having at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein: the inlet is formed at a lower portion of a rear surface of the housing, the outlet is formed at an upper portion of a rear surface of the housing, and air flows through a first clearance space existing between the rear bracket and the housing, a second clearance space existing between the rear bracket and the rear surface of the display panel and a third clearance space existing between the front surface of the display panel and the transparent optical member.

Abstract: A PDP includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed to face each other, a plurality of address electrodes on the first substrate, a plurality of display electrodes on the second substrate, the display electrodes facing the first substrate and crossing the address electrodes, a first dielectric layer on the second substrate, the display electrodes being between the first dielectric layer and the second substrate, a first protective layer on the dielectric layer, the first protective layer including a low work function material, and a second protective layer on the first protective layer, the second protective layer including a high work function material and openings exposing the first protective layer in regions corresponding to the display electrodes.

Abstract: A display apparatus is having a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate. An electrode is located on an inner surface of the first substrate or an inner surface of the second substrate. An electron emitter is located on the electrode. A barrier rib structure is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate to define a sealed inner space therebetween. The barrier rib structure is comprised of a conductive material. A gas is located between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A plasma display panel for improving luminous efficiency including first and second substrates facing each other; barrier ribs partitioning a space between the first and second substrates to define discharge cells; address electrodes on the first substrate and extending along a first direction to correspond to the discharge cells; first and second electrodes extending along a second direction crossing the first direction on the second substrate to define a discharge gap at centers of the discharge cells; a dielectric layer covering the first and second electrodes; and a protective layer covering the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer includes a first section in the discharge gap and a portion adjacent to the discharge gap in the first direction and having a smaller dielectric constant, and a second section at either side of the first dielectric constant section in the first direction and having a larger dielectric constant.

Abstract: A display device and a flat lamp that have simple structures and can be fabricated using simple fabricating processes, and a method of fabricating the display device and the flat lamp. The display device includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other across a predetermined distance; barrier ribs defining light emitting cells with the first substrate and the second substrate; an anode electrode disposed in the light emitting cell; a conductive silicon layer disposed on an inner surface of one of the first and second substrates; an oxidized porous silicon layer, at least a part of which is disposed on the conductive silicon layer; and a gas contained in the light emitting cell. The fabrication method includes doping part of a silicon layer on the inner surface of the first or second substrate and changing another part of the silicon layer to an oxidized porous silicon layer.

Abstract: A PDP includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed to face each other, a plurality of address electrodes on the first substrate, a plurality of display electrodes on the second substrate, the display electrodes facing the first substrate and crossing the address electrodes, a first dielectric layer on the second substrate, the display electrodes being between the first dielectric layer and the second substrate, a first protective layer on the dielectric layer, the first protective layer including a low work function material, and a second protective layer on the first protective layer, the second protective layer including a high work function material and openings exposing the first protective layer in regions corresponding to the display electrodes.

Abstract: A plasma display panel, including a front substrate and a rear substrate arranged opposite to each other, a plurality of display electrodes disposed in a first direction on a first surface of the front substrate, a dielectric layer covering the display electrodes on the front substrate, a protective layer including protective layer grains covering the dielectric layer, and a crystal modification seed layer disposed between the dielectric layer and the protective layer, wherein the crystal modification seed layer includes crystal modification seeds including at least one of an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, an amphoteric element, a semimetal element, and a lanthanide.

Abstract: A plasma display that includes a lower substrate and an upper substrate arranged opposite to each other and separated by a constant distance, with a discharge space being arranged between the substrates, a plurality of partitions arranged between the lower substrate and the upper substrate that partition the discharge space into a plurality of discharge cells, a plurality of address electrodes arranged on an upper surface of the lower substrate, a first dielectric layer arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate and covering the address electrodes, a plurality of first sustain electrodes arranged on a lower surface of the upper substrate and having the shape of a closed loop corresponding to each discharge cell, a plurality of second sustain electrodes arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and having a shape of a closed loop corresponding to closed loops in the first sustain electrodes, and a phosphor layer arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer and on sid

Abstract: Provided is a display device having electron emission sources. The display device includes first and second substrates which face each other at a predetermined interval and are combined so as to form an internal space, a plurality of first electrodes which are disposed between the first and second substrates, a plurality of second electrodes which are disposed on the first electrodes, an insulation layer which is disposed between the first and second electrodes, a plurality of electron emission sources each of which is formed in one of the electron emission holes that are formed by perforating the second electrodes and the insulating layer, and a gas which is injected into the internal space. Each of the second electrodes includes a second main electrode, a second auxiliary electrode, and a resistance unit which connects the second main electrodes to the second auxiliary electrodes.

Abstract: A direct current plasma display panel (DC-PDP) includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, discharge cells between the first substrate and the second substrate, first and second electrodes disposed in each of the discharge cells, first conductive silicon layers contacting the first electrodes, first oxidized porous silicon layers contacting the first conductive silicon layers, second conductive silicon layers contacting the second electrodes, second oxidized porous silicon layers contacting the second conductive silicon layers, phosphor layers arranged in the discharge cells, and a discharge gas disposed in the discharge cells.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) includes first and second substrates, a plurality of first and second electrode lines extending along a first direction on the first substrate, the first and second electrode lines having an alternating pattern, a plurality of address electrodes on the second substrate and extending along a second direction, the plurality of address electrodes including bent portions, barrier ribs between the first and second substrates to define a plurality of discharge cells, a plurality of first electrode portions extending from each of the first electrode lines toward discharge cells in two different arrays along the first direction, and a plurality of second electrode portions extending from each of the second electrode lines toward discharge cells in two different arrays along the first direction, the second electrode portions overlapping the bent portions of the address electrodes.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a front substrate and a rear substrate separated by a predetermined distance, barrier ribs disposed between the front substrate and the rear substrate and partitioning a plurality of discharge spaces, a plurality of first sustain electrodes and second sustain electrodes disposed in parallel on an inner surface of the front substrate, and a plurality of first dielectric layers and second dielectric layers, covering the first sustain electrodes and the second sustain electrodes, respectively, parallel to the first and second sustain electrodes and separated from each other by predetermined narrow spaces and predetermined wide spaces.