Abstract: Provided are an optical detection apparatus which can measure multi-channel samples at high speed and various wavelengths using an optical detector and a multi-channel sample analyzer employing the same. The optical detection apparatus includes an optical detector; a filter wheel having at least two color filters connected to each other in the shape of a disk; a plurality of optical channels through which a plurality of beams of light enter the filter wheel; and a mirror unit including a plurality of mirrors for sequentially reflecting the plurality of beams of light transmitted through the filter wheel to the optical detector, wherein the mirror unit rotates together with the filter wheel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a memory in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving certain frame control information by a Data Receiver Block (DRB) from a MAP decoder, forming a burst descriptor by the DRB by using the frame control information, and transferring the burst descriptor to a Low Medium Access Control (LMAC), and allocating a memory by the LMAC based on bursts according to the burst descriptor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of constructing partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges using a thermal prestressing technique, in which, when a steel girder-type partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge is built using a cantilever construction technique, the center of an intermediate span of the bridge is closed with a final key segment using a thermal prestressing technique, thus applying an initial axial tensile force to reinforcing girders of the bridge. To apply the initial axial tensile force to the reinforcing girders while the center of the intermediate span is closed with the final key segment, an appropriate space length required for closure of the final key segment is determined, and both the heating region and the heating temperature of the reinforcing girders according to the initial axial tensile force to be applied to the reinforcing girders during a process of manufacturing the final key segment are determined.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided where a neighbor cell interference signal is canceled upon receiving a signal transmitted from a serving base station (BS) in a receiver of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system. The interference signals are detected from signals received from neighbor BSs and a serving BS. The strength of the detected interference signals is measures, and a determination is made whether the measured strength is higher than a threshold value. A list of neighbor BSs satisfying the determination result is reordered, and interference signals in order of the reordered neighbor BSs are selected and detected. An interference/noise variance for the detected interference signal is calculated and normalized. The normalized interference signal is decoded and regenerated, and the regenerated interference signal is subtracted from the received signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for stopping iterative decoding in a channel decoder of a mobile communication system. Constituent decoding of received signals is performed and decoded signals are output. Hard decision processes for the decoded signals are performed and hard-decided signals are output. The hard-decided signals are cyclic redundancy check (CRC) encoded, and a determination is made as to whether the parities are identical and iterative decoding is stopped according to a determination result.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for normalizing input soft metric to a channel decoder in a wireless communication system. A demapper generates soft metric using an in-phase component (Xk) and a quadrature component (Yk) of a received modulated symbol (Rk), a channel fading coefficient (gk) and a constant value (c) defined by a modulation order of the received modulated symbol. A normalizer receives the soft metric, computes a normalized log likelihood ratio (LLR) by multiplying the soft metric by a ratio of the constant value to a noise variance value, transforms the normalized LLR into a desired range and a desired number of bits, and outputs an input LLR of the channel decoder.

Abstract: An girder bridge protection device comprises sacrifice means including girders which are installed on an upper surface of a bridge seat of an abutment or pier to support a bridge floor, a symmetrical main support member which connects two girders and has a pipe-shaped configuration, and an auxiliary support member which projects from one surface of a center portion of the main support member in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the main support member; and restraining means secured to the bridge seat of the abutment or pier and including an accommodating section which accommodates the auxiliary support member such that the auxiliary support member is separated from the accommodating section in a forward and rearward direction and in a leftward and rightward direction, thereby controlling the behavior of the auxiliary support member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of constructing partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges using a thermal prestressing technique, in which, when a steel girder-type partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge is built using a cantilever construction technique, the center of an intermediate span of the bridge is closed with a final key segment using a thermal prestressing technique, thus applying an initial axial tensile force to reinforcing girders of the bridge. To apply the initial axial tensile force to the reinforcing girders while the center of the intermediate span is closed with the final key segment, an appropriate space length required for closure of the final key segment is determined, and both the heating region and the heating temperature of the reinforcing girders according to the initial axial tensile force to be applied to the reinforcing girders during a process of manufacturing the final key segment are determined.

Abstract: A low density parity check (LDPC) code generating method and apparatus are provided. A parity check matrix with (N?K) rows for check nodes and N columns for variable nodes are formed to encode an information sequence of length K to a codeword of length N. The parity check matrix is divided into an information part matrix with K columns and a parity part matrix with (N?k) columns. The parity part is divided into P×P subblocks. P is a divisor of (N?K). First and second diagonals are defined in the parity part matrix and the second diagonal is a shift of the first diagonal by f subblocks. Shifted identity matrices are placed on the first and second diagonals and zero matrices are filled elsewhere. An odd number of delta matrices each having only one element of 1 are placed in one subblock column of the parity part matrix. The parity check matrix is stored.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for decoding an LDPC code including a plurality of check nodes and a plurality of variable nodes. The apparatus includes a check node selection scheduler that selects at least one of the check nodes, an LLR memory that stores an input LLR value for the variable nodes as an initial LLR value and stores updated LLR values for variable nodes connected to the selected check node, and a check node message memory that stores a check node message indicating a result value of check node processing on the selected check node. The apparatus further includes at least one united node processor that generates a variable node message by subtracting the check node message of the selected check node from corresponding LLR values read from the LLR memory, performs check node processing on the variable node message, calculates an LLR value updated by adding the variable node message to the check node processing result value, and delivers the calculated LLR value to the LLR memory.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for decoding a forward error correction code in a mobile communication system using a LDPC code. A check node processor performs check node processing on information received with a plurality of check nodes and an accumulator accumulates check node output values from the check node processor with previous accumulated values. An edge memory stores the check node output values, and two accumulation memories separately store accumulated values from the accumulator and the previous accumulated values. A subtractor subtracts the check node output values from the accumulated values, and a hard-decision block performs hard-decision on the received information and the output value of the subtractor. A bit buffer stores the hard-decision result, and a parity check block performs parity check on the hard-decision result to determine whether to stop iterative decoding. A multiplexer delivers the subtraction result values to both the check node processor and the hard-decision block.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for efficiently supporting transmit diversity for identical broadcast signals transmitted from at least two base stations (BSs). A radio network controller (RNC) considers a radio channel state of a mobile station (MS) and sends information for implementing diversity to a plurality of BSs located in one cell configured by three sectors. Each of the BSs is provided with at least two transmit antennas. The BSs within the cell perform space-time block coding on data to be transmitted according to the information, apply different cyclic delays to the data, and transmit the data to the MS through the at least two transmit antennas.

Abstract: Provided are an optical detection apparatus which can measure multi-channel samples at high speed and various wavelengths using an optical detector and a multi-channel sample analyzer employing the same. The optical detection apparatus includes an optical detector; a filter wheel having at least two color filters connected to each other in the shape of a disk; a plurality of optical channels through which a plurality of beams of light enter the filter wheel; and a mirror unit including a plurality of mirrors for sequentially reflecting the plurality of beams of light transmitted through the filter wheel to the optical detector, wherein the mirror unit rotates together with the filter wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for allocating a frequency resource to a user equipment (UE) in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) mobile communication system. A base station receives feedback information including at least mobility information from the UE, and determines from the mobility information whether the UE belongs to a fast group or a slow group. The base station allocates a frequency resource for the UE according to an open-loop solution if the UE belongs to the fast group, allocates a frequency resource for the UE according to a closed-loop solution if the UE belongs to the slow group, and transmits data for the UE using the allocated frequency resource.

Abstract: A method for real-time detection of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is provided. The method includes: manufacturing a reactor having a plurality of electrodes; immobilizing a PCR primer to surfaces of electrodes; injecting a mixture for a PCR into the reactor to perform the PCR on the surfaces of electrodes and measuring an impedance of the PCR product.

Abstract: A micro PCR device comprising an amplification chamber is provided. The amplification chamber has an inner surface coated with a polycationic polymer or a polyanionic polymer and includes electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a continuous composite steel girder bridge using an apparatus to provide a temperature gradient to the steel girder (2) by circulation hot water. The apparatus is comprised of: a hot water circulation pipe (11) attached to steel girder (2) for providing hot water circulation before the composition of the steel girder (2) and the concrete slab (1) starts and until such a composition is completed; a temperature control sensor (12), attached to the steel girder (2) for sensing the temperature of the steel girder (2); and a controller (13) for controlling the temperature of the steel girder (2) to retain a predetermined temperature gradient while the composition effect takes place.