Abstract: A method and device for controlling coding tools are provided. The video decoding method includes decoding, from a high level of a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether one or more coding tools are enabled. The coding tools includes a first coding tool that encodes sample values using luma component mapping based on a piecewise linear model. The method includes acquiring a value of an application flag depending on a value of the enable flag, by setting the application flag indicating whether to apply the coding tools to a predetermined value, or by decoding the application flag from a low level of the bitstream, the application flag including a first application flag indicating whether to apply the first coding tool. The coding tools are operated when the value of the application flag is a value indicating that the coding tools are applied.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: An apparatus for decoding video data includes a decoder configured to decode, from a bitstream, a syntax element indicating an intra-prediction type of a current block of the video data, and an intra-predictor configured to generate a prediction block for the current block by selectively performing matrix based intra-prediction (MIP) or regular intra-prediction based on the intra-prediction type of the current block indicated by the syntax element.

Abstract: Image decoding of decoding a sequence of coded pictures on a block-by-block basis is provided. The image decoding incudes decoding a first high-level syntax element from a bitstream to determine, at a sequence level, whether affine motion prediction is allowed. A second high-level syntax element is extracted for each of at least one coding tool from the bitstream depending on the first high-level syntax element. At a picture level, the method determines whether each of the at least one coding tool is allowed. The coding tool includes sample-by-sample adjustment of affine motion prediction samples.

Abstract: A display device, including a folding region, and first and second non-folding regions at opposing sides of the folding region, includes: a display module; a support member on the display module; and a bonding layer between the display module and the support member. The support member includes a first support member in the first non-folding region and a part of the folding region, and a second support member in the second non-folding region and a part of the folding region. The bonding layer is over the folding region and the first and second non-folding regions. The bonding layer includes first to third portions in the first non-folding region, in the second non-folding region, and in the folding region, respectively. Adhesive force of the first portion to the support member is less than adhesive force of the second portion to the first support member or the second support member.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel including a front surface and a rear surface, the rear side being opposite to the front side; a front stacked structure on the front surface including a front bonding member disposed on the front surface; and a rear stacked structure on the rear surface including a rear bonding member disposed on the rear surface. A loss tangent of the front bonding member has a value greater than a loss tangent of the rear bonding member, the loss tangent being represented by an equation: (loss tangent)=(loss modulus)/(storage modulus), wherein the loss modulus refers to energy lost by viscosity of a material, and the storage modulus refers to energy stored without loss by elasticity of the material.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing carbon-carbon composites includes steps of producing a mat using carbon fiber, carbon fabric, carbon sheet, or staple fiber; laminating at least three layers of mats; producing a preform using the laminated mats with a needle punching method; performing a first thermal treatment process on the produced preform at a predetermined temperature; densifying the first-thermal-treated preform; performing a second thermal treatment process on the densified preform; forming a predetermined shape out of the second-thermal-treated preform; and performing an oxidation resistant treatment process of the shaped preform.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing carbon-carbon composites includes steps of producing a mat using carbon fiber, carbon fabric, carbon sheet, or staple fiber; laminating at least three layers of mats; producing a preform using the laminated mats with a needle punching method; performing a first thermal treatment process on the produced preform at a predetermined temperature; densifying the first-thermal-treated preform; performing a second thermal treatment process on the densified preform; forming a predetermined shape out of the second-thermal-treated preform; and performing an oxidation resistant treatment process of the shaped preform. A brake disk manufactured by the above method has high compression and shear strength as well as low friction coefficient for use in civil aircraft requiring a low friction coefficient and high loads. A brake disk produced with a liquid impregnation method can bear thermal and mechanical loads at high temperatures.