Abstract: A risk determining method and apparatus are disclosed. The risk determining method includes obtaining a plurality of sets of elevation-velocity data, determining a diffusion prediction coefficient based on the obtained sets of elevation-velocity data, determining at least one of a volatilization factor (VF) or a particulate emission factor (PEF) based on the determined diffusion prediction coefficient, and determining a risk from an inhalation exposure based on the at least one of the VF or the PEF.

Abstract: A secondary battery having improved safety and a manufacturing method thereof, which can suppress a voltage drop, heat generation, and/or ignition due to a minute short between a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate by preventing or substantially preventing an electrode assembly from moving within a laminate exterior case due to drop impact and/or collision are provided. A secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and a separator between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate; a pouch exterior case including a planar long side region and a short side region to surround the electrode assembly; and adhesives in a dot array configuration at an outermost portion of the electrode assembly facing the planar long side region of the pouch exterior case.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes: a first ground layer; a second ground layer disposed on a surface of the first ground layer; an antenna pattern spaced apart from the first and second ground layers in a direction of the surface, and configured to transmit and/or receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a feed line electrically connected to the antenna pattern and extending from the antenna pattern toward the first ground layer in the direction of the surface, wherein the first ground layer includes a first region recessed, relative to the second ground layer, in the direction of the surface.

Abstract: A magnesium alloy sheet containing, relative to 100 wt % of the entire magnesium alloy sheet, 2.7 to 5.0 wt % of Al, 0.75 to 1.0 wt % of Zn, 0.1 to 1.0 wt % of Ca, 1.0 wt % or less of Mn (excluding 0 wt %), and the balance of Mg and other inevitable impurities, wherein a volume fraction of bottom crystal grains, relative to 100 vol % of overall crystal grains of the magnesium alloy sheet, is 30% or less, and the bottom crystal grains are crystal grains in a <0001>//C-axis direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a choke coil including a core, a flange provided on each of both end portions of the core in one direction, a terminal electrode coupled to the flange, a wire wound around the core and having end portions each led out to the terminal electrode, and a wire accommodation part configured to accommodate each of the end portions of the wire.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a choke coil including a core, a flange provided on each of both end portions of the core in one direction, a terminal electrode coupled to the flange, and a wire wound around the core and having end portions each led out onto the terminal electrodes, wherein the wire is led out onto the terminal electrode on a side surface of the flange.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a connection member including at least one wiring layer and at least one insulating layer; an IC disposed on a first surface of the connection member and electrically connected to at least one wiring layer of the connection member; and an antenna package disposed on a second surface of the connection member and including first antenna members and feed vias, wherein the connection member includes a feed line having a first end electrically connected to a corresponding wire of at least one wiring layer of the connection member; a second antenna member electrically connected to a second end of the feed line and configured to transmit or receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a ground member spaced apart from the feed line in a direction toward the first surface or the second surface of the connection member.

Abstract: A memory system includes a memory device comprising a plurality of memory cells storing data, and configured to perform one or more of a write operation, read operation and erase operation on the plurality of memory cells; and a controller configured to control an operation of the memory device, wherein the controller is configured to: cache a logical block addressing (LBA) mapping table from the memory device when the memory system is powered on by driving power applied thereto; and transfer a direct memory access (DMA) setup to a host when the LBA mapping table is cached.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a ground plane, a plurality of first patch antenna patterns arranged on a level higher than the ground plane and each configured to transmit and/or receive a first radio frequency signal of a first frequency, a plurality of second patch antenna patterns arranged on a level higher than the ground plane and each having a size smaller than a size of each of the first patch antenna patterns, wherein the plurality of second patch antenna patterns include at least one feed patch antenna pattern configured to transmit and/or receive a second radio frequency signal of a second frequency different from the first frequency, and at least one dummy patch antenna pattern which is not fed any of the first and second radio frequency signals.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a patch antenna pattern; a feed via electrically connected to the patch antenna pattern at a point offset in a first direction from a center of the patch antenna pattern; a first side coupling pattern spaced apart from the patch antenna pattern along a second direction and a second side coupling pattern spaced apart from the patch antenna pattern along the second direction and opposite to the first side coupling pattern; and a first side ground pattern spaced apart from the patch antenna pattern along the first direction and a second side ground pattern spaced apart from the patch antenna pattern along the first direction and opposite to the first side ground pattern. The patch antenna pattern and the first and second side coupling patterns are disposed between the first and second side ground patterns with respect to the first direction.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a ground plane; a first patch antenna pattern having a first bandwidth and spaced apart from the ground plane; a second patch antenna pattern spaced apart from the ground plane and the first patch antenna and overlapping at least a portion of the first patch antenna pattern; and guide vias disposed between the first patch antenna pattern and the ground plane and electrically connecting the first patch antenna pattern to the ground plane. The second patch antenna pattern has a second bandwidth corresponding a frequency higher than a frequency of the first bandwidth. The guide vias are disposed along a first side of the first patch antenna pattern.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a plurality of patch antenna patterns, a plurality of first feed vias each electrically connected to a corresponding patch antenna pattern among the plurality of patch antenna patterns, and a plurality of first feed lines each electrically connected to a corresponding first feed via among the plurality of first feed vias. Each of the first feed vias is electrically connected to the corresponding patch antenna pattern at a point offset from a center of the corresponding patch antenna pattern in a first direction. An angle between a direction in which each of at least one of the plurality of first feed lines starts to extend from the corresponding first feed via and a direction in which each of remaining ones of the plurality of first feed lines starts to extend from the corresponding first feed via is not zero degrees and is not 180 degrees.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a connection member, an integrated circuit (IC) on a first surface thereof, and an antenna package on a second surface thereof. The connection member includes a wiring layer and an insulating layer. The IC is electrically connected to the wiring layer. The antenna package includes first antenna members and feed vias each electrically connected to a corresponding one of the first antenna members and a corresponding wire of the wiring layer. A feed line is electrically connected to a wire of the wiring layer and extends in a side direction of the second surface, a second antenna member is electrically connected to the feed line and is configured to transmit and/or receive an RF signal in the side direction, and a director member is spaced apart from the second antenna member in the side direction and has an inside boundary oblique to the second antenna member.

Abstract: In a storage device for controlling operational performance depending on temperature, a memory controller configured to control a memory device may include a flash translation layer block configured to receive data from a host and to convert a logic address into a physical address to store address information, during a write operation; a buffer memory configured to include a first buffer and a second buffer; an internal temperature sensing unit configured to generate an internal temperature information by sensing a temperature of the memory controller; and a performance adjustment unit configured to receive external temperature information from an external temperature sensing unit, and to control the flash translation layer block to store data in only one of the first or second buffer in a fast write mode based on the internal temperature information and the external temperature information, wherein the external temperature information represents a temperature of the memory device.

Abstract: A vehicle detector assembly for detecting solar radiation may include a housing, a fixed plate fixed to an upper surface of the housing in a flat form, a plurality of photo detectors bonded to a surface of the fixed plate, each being connected to a lead having a uniform one-directional inclination structure, and a detector cap fastened to the housing and transmitting sunlight.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a connection member, an integrated circuit (IC) on a first surface thereof, and an antenna package on a second surface thereof. The connection member includes a wiring layer and an insulating layer. The IC is electrically connected to the wiring layer. The antenna package includes first antenna members and feed vias each electrically connected to a corresponding one of the first antenna members and a corresponding wire of the wiring layer. A feed line is electrically connected to a wire of the wiring layer and extends in a side direction of the second surface, a second antenna member is electrically connected to the feed line and is configured to transmit and/or receive an RF signal in the side direction, and a director member is spaced apart from the second antenna member in the side direction and has an inside boundary oblique to the second antenna member.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a connection member including at least one wiring layer and at least one insulating layer; an IC disposed on a first surface of the connection member and electrically connected to at least one wiring layer of the connection member; and an antenna package disposed on a second surface of the connection member and including first antenna members and feed vias, wherein the connection member includes a feed line having a first end electrically connected to a corresponding wire of at least one wiring layer of the connection member; a second antenna member electrically connected to a second end of the feed line and configured to transmit or receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a ground member spaced apart from the feed line in a direction toward the first surface or the second surface of the connection member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery which includes a sheathing made of a material having an increased thermal conductivity and can thus have an improved safety. As an example, disclosed is a secondary battery comprising: an electrode assembly; and a sheath material which receives the electrode assembly and comprises a metal layer and a non-metal layer formed on the surface of the metal layer, wherein the thickness of the metal layer occupies 50% to 70% of the total thickness of the sheath material.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a connection member including at least one wiring layer and at least one insulating layer; an IC disposed on a first surface of the connection member and electrically connected to at least one wiring layer of the connection member; and an antenna package disposed on a second surface of the connection member and including first antenna members and feed vias, wherein the connection member includes a feed line having a first end electrically connected to a corresponding wire of at least one wiring layer of the connection member; a second antenna member electrically connected to a second end of the feed line and configured to transmit or receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a ground member spaced apart from the feed line in a direction toward the first surface or the second surface of the connection member.

Abstract: A system for controlling low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle includes a high-pressure hydrogen flow control valve controlling a flow of hydrogen supplied to a fuel cell stack. A fuel cell controller is configured to change and control an opening rate of the high-pressure hydrogen flow control valve when an internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is a reference value or less. When the opening rate of the high-pressure hydrogen flow control valve decreases, a pressure of the hydrogen passing through the high-pressure hydrogen flow control valve decreases to increase a temperature of the hydrogen which is supplied to the fuel stack.