Abstract: Provides is an ultra-microlight transmission device using secondary electrons according to various embodiments of the present invention for implementing the above-objects. The ultra-microlight transmission device includes a light source module configured to generate light, a housing which includes an interior space and performs spectroscopy and diffuse reflection on light introduced into the interior space, a first filter unit configured to convert the spectroscopic and diffusely reflected light into monochromatic light, and a second filter unit configured to cause diffraction and interference for the converted light.

Abstract: A positive electrode includes a current collector, a first positive electrode active material layer, and a second positive electrode active material layer. The first positive electrode active material layer is formed on the current collector and the second positive electrode active material layer is formed on the first positive electrode active material layer. The first and second positive electrode active material layers each include lithium iron phosphate, a fluorine-based binder, a rubber-based binder, and a conductive material. The rubber-based binder includes a first hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber and a second hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber A ratio (P2/P1) of the weight P2 of fluorine contained in the second positive electrode active material layer to the weight P1 of fluorine contained in the first positive electrode active material layer is 1 or less.

Abstract: Example embodiments include a battery insulation sheet having a structure in which a first substrate, an aerogel layer, and a second substrate are laminated, wherein opposite surfaces of the aerogel layer is in contact with the first substrate or the second substrate adjacent thereto. Example embodiments also include a method of manufacturing a battery insulation sheet, and a battery module including the battery insulation sheet.

Abstract: Provided are a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) device and a method of operating the same. The PCIe device may include a performance analyzer, a delay time information generato and a command fetcher. The performance analyzer may measure throughputs of a plurality of functions, and generate throughput analysis information indicating a comparison result between the throughputs of the plurality of functions and throughput limits corresponding to the plurality of functions. The delay time information generator may generate a delay time for delaying a command fetch operation for each of the plurality of functions based on the throughput analysis information. The command fetcher may fetch a target command from a host based on a delay time of a function corresponding to the target command.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure include a battery module including a plurality of cells, an insulation sheet between the plurality of cells, the insulation sheet having an upper surface and a lower surface disposed so as to face cells adjacent thereto, respectively, and a refractory layer formed on at least one side surface part of a border side surface between the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulation sheet, wherein the refractory layer includes an inorganic binder. Examples of the disclosure also include a method of manufacturing the battery module, and a battery pack including the battery module.

Abstract: An aerogel composition for battery insulation sheets includes a reinforcement material including two or more fibrous supports, an aerogel, a functional material including a binder, a dispersant, or a combination thereof, and a solvent, wherein the two or more fibrous supports have different aspect ratios (AR) as represented by Formula 1: AR=L/D,??Formula 1 where in Formula 1, L indicates an average length of a fibrous support of the two or more fibrous supports and D indicates an average diameter of the two or more fibrous supports.

Abstract: Example embodiments include an aerogel composition for battery insulation sheets, the aerogel composition including a reinforcement material including a first fibrous support and a second fibrous support, an aerogel, a functional material including a binder, a dispersant, or a combination thereof, and a solvent, wherein the first fibrous support and the second fibrous support have different ingredients. Example embodiments also include a method of manufacturing the aerogel composition, a battery insulation sheet formed using the aerogel composition, and a method of manufacturing the battery insulation sheet.

Abstract: A paste for solar cell electrodes includes a conductive powder, a glass frit, and an organic vehicle. The glass frit includes bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and antimony (Sb), and has a mole ratio of bismuth (Bi) to tellurium (Te) of about 1:1 to about 1:30.

Abstract: A method for communicating with a network by a terminal in a wireless communication system, wherein the terminal receives, from the network, signaling information representing a transmission period and a time offset for uplink transmission of a feedback information, and determines a time to transmit the feedback information based on the transmission period and the time offset. The terminal transmits the feedback information to the network based on the determined time.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrode for a solar cell includes printing a conductive paste on a front surface of a substrate using a printing mask having an opening rate of 65% or more, and baking the printed conductive paste. The conductive paste may include a conductive powder, a glass fit, and an organic vehicle, the glass fit may include lithium oxide and tungsten oxide, and, in the glass fit, a weight ratio of lithium oxide to tungsten oxide may be about 0.5 to about 5.5.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a finger electrode for a solar cell, the method including printing a conductive paste on a front surface of a substrate using a printing mask having an opening rate of about 65% or more and baking the printed conductive paste. The conductive paste includes a conductive powder, a glass frit including about 30 mol % to about 60 mol % of tellurium oxide and about 0.1 mol % to about 10 mol % of tungsten oxide, and an organic vehicle.

Abstract: A solar cell, including a substrate; and an electrode on at least one surface of the substrate. The electrode may be prepared from an electrode paste including tungsten oxide particles, and the electrode may have an adhesive strength of about 4 N/mm to about 6 N/mm with respect to a ribbon for interconnecting solar cells, as measured under conditions of a peeling angle of 180° and a stretching rate of 50 mm/min.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode, and a solar cell, the composition including silver powder; glass frit; an organic vehicle; and an epoxy group-containing silicon compound, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth and tellurium, and the organic vehicle includes a cellulose resin.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes and a solar cell electrode, the composition including silver powder; glass frit that contains tellurium, the glass frit having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 150° C. to about 300° C.; an organosilane compound; and an organic vehicle.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a finger electrode for a solar cell, the method including printing a conductive paste on a front surface of a substrate using a printing mask having an opening rate of about 65% or more and baking the printed conductive paste. The conductive paste includes a conductive powder, a glass frit including about 30 mol % to about 60 mol % of tellurium oxide and about 0.1 mol % to about 10 mol % of tungsten oxide, and an organic vehicle.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes and electrodes fabricated using the same. The composition includes silver powder; fumed silica; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle. The composition has improved contact efficiency between electrodes and a silicon wafer by introducing specific fumed silica. Solar cell electrodes fabricated using the composition exhibit minimized serial resistance, thereby providing excellent fill factor and conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode, and a solar cell, the composition including silver powder; glass frit; an organic vehicle; and an epoxy group-containing silicon compound, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth and tellurium, and the organic vehicle includes a cellulose resin.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes and electrodes fabricated using the same. The composition includes a silver (Ag) powder; a first glass frit containing PbO and a second glass frit containing V2O5 and TeO2; and an organic vehicle. The composition includes two types of glass frits on PbO and V2O5-TeO2, respectively, thereby minimizing contact resistance and adverse influence on a p-n junction of silicon solar cells.

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes includes a silver powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and chromium (Cr).

Abstract: A composition for solar cell electrodes includes a conductive powder, a glass frit, an organic vehicle, and a thixotropic agent, the composition satisfying each of Formulae 1 to 7 described herein. A solar cell electrode is produced from the composition. A method of manufacturing a solar cell includes printing the composition in a predetermined pattern over a front surface of a wafer, and firing the printed composition pattern to form at least electrode.