Abstract: Disclosed are a bladder monitoring method and apparatus based on a multi-channel strain bladder sensor, and a multi-channel strain bladder sensor verification method and apparatus. The multi-channel strain bladder sensor verification method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise the steps of: controlling expansion and contraction of a measurement object acting as a bladder; acquiring a sensing value from each channel of a bladder sensor attached to the measurement object, according to the control of expansion and contraction of the measurement object; tracking the volume change and expansion direction of the measurement object by analyzing data regarding the change in the sensing value from each channel of the bladder sensor; and verifying the bladder sensor on the basis of whether the volume change and expansion direction of the measurement object are included within the standard range corresponding to the control of expansion and contraction of the measurement object.

Abstract: An optical imaging system includes a first lens group including a first lens and a second lens, a second lens group including a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, and a third lens group including a sixth lens and a seventh lens. The first to seventh lenses are arranged in order from an object side, at least one of the first lens group to the third lens group is moved on an optical axis to change a distance between the first lens group to the third lens group, and the following conditional expression is satisfied: 0.2 < BFL / ( 2 * IMG ? HT ) < 2. where BFL is a distance on the optical axis from an image-side surface of the seventh lens to an imaging surface of an image sensor, and IMG HT is half a diagonal length of the imaging surface of the image sensor.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling sound output in a vehicle can enhance driving sensitivity. The system includes a sensing device that obtains vehicle information of the vehicle, a sound device that plays and outputs a vehicle sound through speakers, a seat device that controls seat vibration based on the vehicle sound, and a control device connected with the sensing device, the sound device, and the seat device. The control device determines a driving mode of the vehicle based on the vehicle information, performs sound shift control for the speakers based on the driving mode, and controls the seat vibration in conjunction with the sound shift control.

Abstract: An ink for photonic annealing includes metal micron particles, and metal nanoparticles adsorbed on a surface of the metal micron particles, and the adsorbed metal nanoparticles are formed in a single layer.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a phase shift mask includes obtaining a layout of a mask region which sets up alight transmitting region; obtaining a layout of a phase shift region placed in a border portion of the mask region by disposing a shadow core region for light-shielding in a middle portion of the mask region; forming phase shift patterns following the layout of the phase shift region on a light transmitting substrate; and forming a shadow core layer pattern which exposes a portion of the substrate corresponding to the light transmitting region between the phase shift patterns and covering and light-shielding the portion of the substrate corresponding to the shadow core region, and a mask fabricated by the method.

Abstract: An etching apparatus includes: an etching space including a chamber; a chuck in the chamber and on which a transparent object to be etched can be loaded; a light source configured to irradiate light onto the object to be etched in order to detect a degree of etching of the object to be etched; and a detector configured to detect an intensity of the light having transmitted through the object to be etched after being emitted from the light source.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a phase shift mask. An embodiment of the disclosed method includes forming a conductive layer on a mask substrate, irradiating a predetermined area of the mask substrate on which the conductive layer is formed with an electron beam to selectively reduce a portion of silicon oxide (SiO2) in the substrate to silicon (Si), etching only the predetermined area converted to Si, and removing the conductive layer to form the phase shift mask.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a phase shift mask includes obtaining a layout of a mask region which sets up alight transmitting region; obtaining a layout of a phase shift region placed in a border portion of the mask region by disposing a shadow core region for light-shielding in a middle portion of the mask region; forming phase shift patterns following the layout of the phase shift region on a light transmitting substrate; and forming a shadow core layer pattern which exposes a portion of the substrate corresponding to the light transmitting region between the phase shift patterns and covering and light-shielding the portion of the substrate corresponding to the shadow core region, and a mask fabricated by the method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a phase shift mask. An embodiment of the disclosed method includes forming a conductive layer on a mask substrate, irradiating a predetermined area of the mask substrate on which the conductive layer is formed with an electron beam, etching the predetermined area, and removing the conductive layer to form the phase shift mask.