Abstract: Vascular scaffolds and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed for tissue engineering of vascular constructs. By combining electrospun matrices with cell sheet technologies, vascular constructs with more mature cell layers can be obtained for reconstruction of blood vessels, heart valves and the like. A engineered smooth muscle cell sheet, wrapped around an electrospun vascular scaffold, is able to provide a mature SMC layer that expresses strong cell-to-cell junction markers and contractile proteins. In addition, preconditioning of the cell sheet covered vascular scaffold maintained cell viability and infiltration into the scaffold.

Abstract: Provided are live, artificial, skin substitute products and methods of making and using the same, such as for wound treatment and compound testing, including compound testing for efficacy, toxicity, penetration, irritation and/or metabolism testing of drug candidates or compositions such as cosmetics. Described herein is an artificial mammalian skin substitute product, comprising: (a) optionally, but in some embodiments preferably, a first (“hypodermis-like”) layer comprising live mammalian adipocytes (e.g., induced pre-adipocytes) in a first hydrogel carrier; (b) a second (“dermis-like”) layer contacting or directly contacting the first layer and comprising live mammalian fibroblast cells and' live mammalian follicle dermal papilla cells in combination in a second hydrogel carrier; (c) a third (“epidermis-like”) layer contacting or directly contacting the second layer (i.e.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming a thin film. The method for forming the thin film includes forming a first thin film having a first thickness with first crystallinity through an atomic layer deposition process and etching the first thin film by a predetermined thickness through an atomic layer etching process with respect to the first thin film to form a second thin film having a second thickness less than the first thickness.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved holographic reconstruction device and a method. In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to improved holographic reconstruction device and method that can measure a digital hologram regardless of optical characteristics of an object to be measured, by an all-in-one type system integrating a transmissive system that measures an object transmitting light and a reflective system that measures an object reflecting light.

Abstract: A system and method for predicting an analytical abnormality are provided. The method for predicting an analytical abnormality may include generating a signal generation model and an analysis model for a design object based on first analysis data, applying a signal generated by the signal generation model to the analysis model based on second analysis data to calculate one or more estimated values, comparing the estimated values and the second analysis data to generate a plurality of early warning information, and determining whether to output an early warning based on whether the plurality of early warning information satisfy a preset condition.

Abstract: A fan-out semiconductor package includes: a first semiconductor chip having an active surface having first connection pads disposed thereon and an inactive surface opposing the active surface; a second semiconductor chip having an active surface having second connection pads disposed thereon and an inactive surface opposing the active surface; an encapsulant encapsulating at least portions of each of the first and second semiconductor chips; and a connection member disposed on the active surface of each of the first and second semiconductor chips and including a redistribution layer electrically connected to the first and second connection pads, wherein the first and second semiconductor chips are physically integrated with each other, and the first and second semiconductor chips have internal circuits, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for diagnosing analysis is provided. The apparatus includes an analytic layer to divide a peripheral space of a target component into a plurality of cells and to derive analytic data by performing a numerical analysis iteration according to computational fluid dynamics for the plurality of cells; a model layer to derive an analytic model that simulates the numerical analysis iteration; a predictive layer to derive predictive data by predicting a result of the numerical analysis iteration by using the analytic model; and a diagnostic layer to diagnose an abnormality condition of numerical analysis by comparing the analytic data and predictive data during the numerical analysis iteration performed by the analytic layer. The diagnostic layer includes an early alarm to generate early alarm information by sorting a cell satisfying an early alarm condition; and an abnormality diagnostic device to determine whether the numerical analysis iteration is abnormal.

Abstract: A time delay error occurring in the case of acquiring two holograms (object hologram and reference hologram) necessary for reconstruction in the related art or in the case of acquiring four physical holograms having different phase shift degrees may be removed. DC noise (including background noise) may be completely removed by using a software-implemented phase shifting method.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a frame including wiring layers and having a recess portion in which a stopper layer is disposed on a bottom surface, a semiconductor chip having an active surface and an inactive surface, the inactive surface being disposed in the recess portion and facing the stopper layer, a first connection portion on the connection pad, a second connection portion on the uppermost wiring layer, a stiffener on the upper surface of the frame and surround at least a portion of the second connection portion, the stiffener being spaced apart from second connection portion, an encapsulant covering at least portions of each of the frame and the semiconductor chip, and filling at least a portion of the recess portion, and a connection structure on the frame and the semiconductor chip, and including a redistribution layer electrically connected to the first and second connection portions.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a crystal grain size of a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprises: an ultrasound generating unit for applying ultrasound to one point of a steel sheet; an ultrasound receiving unit for receiving propagated ultrasound at two points spaced different distances apart from the one point of the steel sheet; and a crystal grain size calculating unit for calculating an average crystal grain size of the steel sheet according to intensities of the ultrasound propagated to the two points and an attenuation coefficient according to a distance between the two points. The apparatus can calculate an attenuation coefficient, regardless of a change of surface characteristics, such as surface reflectance, surface roughness, or the like.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment provides a tracking-type window blind apparatus using solar modules. The window blind apparatus includes a plurality of sunshades which are separated from each other by a predetermined distance and adjust a light transmission amount; solar modules which are respectively attached to the plurality of sunshades and generating power by using solar light; a driver which is connected with the plurality of sunshades to adjust an inclination angle of each sunshade and a distance between the sunshades; and a controller which sets one of operation modes among a power generation mode, a privacy protection mode, and a lighting mode according to a user's command, and controls the inclination of each sunshade and the distance between the sunshades according to the set operation mode, a current season and time, and a solar altitude angle.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel having excellent processability and surface characteristics and a method method of manufacturing the austenitic stainless steel are disclosed. The austenitic stainless steel includes, by weight %, 0.005% to 0.15% of carbon (C), 0.1% to 1.0% of silicon (Si), 0.1% to 2.0% of manganese (Mn), 6.0% to 10.5% of nickel (Ni), 16% to 20% of chromium (Cr), 0.005% to 0.2% of nitrogen (N), the remainder iron (Fe) and other unavoidable impurities, wherein a degree of Ni surface negative segregation defined by the following Formula (1) is in a range of 0.6 to 0.9. (CNi-Min)/(CNi-Ave)??Formula (1), where CNi-Min is a minimum concentration of Ni on the surface of the austenitic stainless steel and CNi-Ave is an average concentration of Ni on the surface of the austenitic stainless steel.

Abstract: A time delay error occurring in the case of acquiring two holograms (object hologram and reference hologram) necessary for reconstruction in the related art or in the case of acquiring four physical holograms having different phase shift degrees may be removed. DC noise (including background noise) may be completely removed by using a software-implemented phase shifting method.

Abstract: A semiconductor nanocrystal-ligand composite, including a semiconductor nanocrystal and a ligand layer including an organic ligand coordinated on a surface of the semiconductor nanocrystal, wherein the organic ligand includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, compound represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof, and wherein Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 are the same as described in detailed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wrist guard and provides a wrist guard that does not pressurize the entire wrist portion but allows for pressurizing only the radius portion and the ulna portion, thereby not only performing a wrist protection function in a stable manner, but also not hindering blood circulation since other portions of the wrist are not pressurized, and thus may be conveniently used since side-effects such as hand numbness or hand swelling do not occur even when wearing same for a long period, and the position and thickness of a pressurizing pad for pressurizing the radius portion and the ulna portion of the wrist may be adjusted according to the needs of a user, and thus the wrist guard may be more conveniently used since same may be altered into an optimal state according to physical conditions of the user or environmental conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reception apparatus for receiving data from a transmission apparatus in one direction, and a transmission apparatus for transmitting data with regards to the reception apparatus in one direction. If the reception apparatus detects an error in the received data, the reception apparatus informs the transmission apparatus about the error in the received data by switching over one or more communication lines forming a connection with the transmission apparatus. If the transmission apparatus detects a switchover of the one or more communication lines, the transmission apparatus re-transmits the data in which the error occurred to the reception apparatus. According to the present invention, the occurrence of data errors in one-direction data communication is easily recognized, and the reliability of the one-direction data communication is improved.

Abstract: Provided is a method for forming a thin film. The method for forming the thin film includes forming a first thin film having a first thickness with first crystallinity through an atomic layer deposition process and etching the first thin film by a predetermined thickness through an atomic layer etching process with respect to the first thin film to form a second thin film having a second thickness less than the first thickness.