Abstract: An electron emission device is disclosed. The electron emission device includes a cathode electrode including a main electrode having an opening, ii) a plurality of isolated electrodes on each of which each of plurality of electron emission units is located, and iii) at least one resistance layer electrically connecting the main electrode and the plurality of isolated electrodes. The plurality of isolated electrodes are located within the opening and form gaps with the main electrode. A resistance between the main electrode and one of the plurality of isolated electrodes is different from that between the main electrode and the other isolated electrodes.

Abstract: Provided are a motion estimation apparatus and method and an image encoding apparatus and method employing the same. The motion estimation apparatus includes an optimal motion estimation unit performing motion estimation in an initial block mode while skipping remaining block modes excluding the initial block mode from a plurality of block modes of the current block, or performing motion estimation in candidate block modes determined from the plurality of block modes.

Abstract: A motion estimation method, medium, and system with fast motion estimation. The motion estimation method includes comparing a cost indicating a difference between a current block of a current image and a block of a reference image specified by a starting point with a predetermined threshold and selectively searching for the best matching block of the current block from the starting point according to the comparison result.

Abstract: An electron emission device and an electron emission display having the electron emission device. The electron emission device includes a substrate, a cathode electrode disposed on the substrate, and an electron emission region electrically connected to the cathode electrode. The cathode electrode includes a sub-electrode disposed on the substrate, a sub-insulation layer disposed on the sub-electrode, a main electrode disposed on the sub-electrode and having an opening for exposing a portion of the sub-insulation layer at each of a plurality of unit pixels, a plurality of isolation electrodes disposed on the sub-insulation layer in the opening of the main electrode and spaced apart from the main electrode, and a resistive layer disposed between the main electrode and the isolation electrodes to electrically connect the main electrode to the isolation electrodes.

Abstract: A light emission device includes: first and second substrates facing each other and spaced apart from each other; an electron emission region on an inner surface of the first substrate; a driving electrode on the inner surface of the first substrate to control an electron emission of the electron emission region; a phosphor layer on an inner surface of the second substrate; and a heat generation member on the inner surface of the second substrate or an outer surface of the second substrate to increase a temperature of the second substrate.

Abstract: A system and method of network adaptive real-time multimedia streaming, in which a receiving bit rate of a packet that is received from a client is monitored, and the monitoring result is fed back to a streaming server, and a transfer bit rate of a packet that is transmitted by the streaming server are provided. The streaming system includes a streaming path on which packetized data are streamed, a streaming server for transmitting the packetized data at a first bit rate through the streaming path in response to a control signal, and a client for receiving the packetized data at a second bit rate according to the state of the streaming path, comparing the first bit rate with the second bit rate and generating the control signal corresponding to the comparison result. The first bit rate is controlled in response to the control signal. The size of packets and an interval between the packets are controlled by the first bit rate.

Abstract: An encoding and/or decoding system, medium, and method with spatial prediction and spatial prediction compensation. The system may include a spatial prediction unit that spatially predicts pixel values of a current block of an image using neighboring blocks in a row immediately above the current block among neighboring blocks that are spatially adjacent to the current block. The spatial prediction unit performs spatial prediction using replaced pixel values of neighboring blocks in a row immediately above the current block every predetermined row unit, with the pixel values of neighboring blocks in a row immediately above the current block every predetermined row unit being replaced with a predetermined reference value.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes gate electrodes formed on a substrate. The gate electrodes are located on a first plane. An insulating layer is formed on the gate electrodes. Cathode electrodes are formed on the insulating layer. Electron emission regions are electrically connected to the cathode electrodes. The electron emission regions are located on a second plane. In addition, the electron emission device includes counter electrodes placed substantially on the second plane of the electron emission regions. The gate electrodes and the counter electrodes are for receiving a same voltage, and a distance, D, between at least one of the electron emission regions and at least one of the counter electrodes satisfies the following condition: 1(?m)?D?28.1553+1.7060t(?m), where t indicates a thickness of the insulating layer.

Abstract: An electron emission device including a first electrode, an electron emission region formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the first electrode with an insulating layer interposed between the first and second electrodes. The insulating layer and the second electrode are provided with openings for exposing the electron emission region. A method of manufacturing includes forming a mask layer having an opening on the second electrode, forming the opening of the second electrode by etching the second electrode using the mask layer, forming the opening in the insulating layer by wet-etching the insulating layer, the opening in the insulating layer having an upper width greater than that of the opening in the second electrode, enlarging the opening in the second electrode by etching an exposed portion of the second electrode to correspond to the opening in the insulating layer, and removing the mask layer.

Abstract: An electron emission device where the electron emission of the emitter at the respective pixels is uniformly controlled. The electron emission device includes first and second substrates facing each other with a distance, and gate and cathode electrodes formed on the first substrate while interposing an insulating layer. Electron emission sources are electrically connected to the respective cathode electrodes. A resistance layer is disposed between the cathode electrode and the electron emission source in substantially the same plane as the cathode electrode. At least one anode electrode is formed on the second substrate. A phosphor screen is placed on a surface of the anode electrode.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes a substrate, first electrodes formed on the substrate, electron emission regions electrically connected to the first electrodes, and second electrodes placed over the first electrodes such that the second electrodes are insulated from the first electrodes. The second electrodes have openings to expose the electron emission regions. A third electrode is placed over the second electrodes such that the third electrode is insulated from the second electrodes. The third electrode has openings communicating with the openings of the second electrodes. Each of the electron emission regions and the second electrodes simultaneously satisfy the following conditions: D2/D1?0.579, ??(1) and D2?1 ? ??(2) where D1 indicates the width of each of the openings of the second electrode, and D2 indicates the width of each of the electron emission regions.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes a substrate, first electrodes formed on the substrate, electron emission regions electrically connected to the first electrodes, and second electrodes placed over the first electrodes such that the second electrodes are insulated from the first electrodes, The second electrodes have a plurality of openings at the crossed areas of the first and the second electrodes to open the electron emission regions, wherein 1.36?P/D?1.65, where D indicates the width, or diameter, of the openings of the second electrodes, and P indicates the pitch of the openings of the second electrodes.

Abstract: An electron emission display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a side member formed along the edges of the first substrate and the second substrate to form a vacuum envelope together with the first substrate and the second substrate, an electron emission unit provided on the first substrate, a light emission unit provided on the second substrate to emit visible light when impacted by electrons from the electron emission unit, and a thermal conduction member connecting the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: An electron emission device can include gate electrodes formed on a substrate and cathode electrodes insulated from the gate electrodes with an insulating layer interposed between them. Each cathode electrode can have a receptor at a peripheral side. Electron emission regions may be formed within the receptors and in contact with the cathode electrodes. Counter electrodes can face the cathode electrodes, can be coplanar with the cathode electrodes, and can be coupled to the gate electrodes. The shortest distance between the electron emission region and the counter electrode may be smaller than the shortest distance between the cathode electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes a substrate, cathode and gate electrodes placed on the substrate in an insulated manner, and electron emission regions electrically connected to the cathode electrodes. Each of the cathode electrodes includes a line electrode having a groove at one lateral side surface thereof, and isolation electrodes formed on the substrate exposed through the groove such that the isolation electrodes are isolated from the line electrode. The electron emission regions are placed on the isolation electrodes and a resistance layer electrically connects the isolation electrodes to the line electrode.

Abstract: An electron emission device that includes a substrate, at least one electron emission region, and at least one cathode electrode disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the electron emission region, wherein the cathode electrode has a first electrode, a plurality of second electrodes on the first electrode, a sub-insulation layer between the first and second electrodes, and a resistive layer electrically connected to the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing the electron emission device is provided. A cathode electrode is formed on a substrate. A first insulation layer of a transparent conductive material is formed on an entire surface of the substrate while covering the cathode electrode. A gate electrode of a transparent conductive material is formed on the first insulation layer in a direction crossing the cathode electrode. A photoresist mask layer is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. An opening corresponding to the opening of the cathode electrode is formed on the photoresist mask layer by emitting ultraviolet light to a rear surface of the substrate and developing the photoresist mask layer. An exposed portion of the gate electrode by the opening of the photoresist mask layer and a portion of the first insulation layer are etched. An electron emission region is formed in the opening of the cathode electrode.

Abstract: An electron emission device and a method of driving the electron emission device are capable of preventing the deterioration of luminance in displaying moving images by inhibiting the emission delay. The electron emission device includes cathode electrodes, gate electrodes formed over the cathode electrodes, and an insulating layer disposed between the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. Electron emission regions are formed on the cathode electrodes to emit electrons under the application of electric fields generated due to a difference between voltages applied to the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. A driving unit applies voltages to the cathode electrodes and the gate electrodes. An anode electrode receives a positive voltage to accelerate the electrons emitted from the electron emission regions. A first voltage Vc applied to the cathode electrodes and a second voltage Vg applied to the gate electrodes satisfy the following condition: 0.4?Vc/Vg<0.8.

Abstract: An electron emission device is provided. The electron emission device includes first and second substrates facing each other, a cathode electrode arranged on the first substrate, at least one opening electron emission region arranged on the cathode electrode, an insulation layer arranged on the cathode electrode and provided with at least one opening corresponding to the at least one opening electron emission region, and a gate electrode arranged on the insulation layer and provided with at least one opening corresponding to the at least one electron emission region. A width H1 of the at least one opening of the insulation layer is equal to or greater than twice a thickness T1 of the insulation layer.

Abstract: An electron emission device is disclosed. The electron emission device includes a cathode electrode including i) a first electrode, ii) a plurality of second electrodes, iii) at least one resistance layer adapted to electrically connect the first electrode and the plurality of second electrodes, and iv) a plurality of sub-electrodes. The plurality of sub-electrodes are adapted to electrically connect each other. At least one of the plurality of sub-electrodes contacts the resistance layer.