Abstract: An azide catalyst for peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence reactions is provided, which catalyzes a reaction of an oxalic acid ester compound with a peroxide in a solvent to produce 1,4 dioxetane dione as an intermediate that is subsequently decomposed catalytically by a fluorescent agent to emit light. The catalyst improves not only luminous efficiency such as luminous time and luminous intensity but also reaction of the intermediate with a peroxide.

Abstract: In a washing machine having a tub and a cabinet, gap sensors and electromagnets are mounted on the tub and other electromagnets are mounted on the cabinet. Thus, in order to prevent vibrations generated at the tub during the washing operation and dehydrating operation, the gap sensors sense the vibrations, and active damping devices and control signal portions generate control signals, so that when the tub and the cabinet become each closer to each other than the reference distance, the electromagnets generate repulsive forces and when the tub and the cabinet become more distant from each other than the reference distance, the electromagnets generate attractive forces, whereby vibrations generated at the tub are decreased.