Abstract: A cryogenic vaporization system and method are provided. A first heat exchanger heats a liquid cryogen via indirect heat exchange to output a cryogenic vapor at a first temperature. A second heat exchanger receives the cryogenic vapor at the first temperature. The second heat exchanger heats the cryogenic vapor via indirect heat exchange to a second temperature. The cryogenic vapor at the second temperature is recirculated to the first heat exchanger to heat the liquid cryogen and cool the recirculated cryogenic vapor to a third temperature. A third heat exchanger receives the cryogenic vapor at the third temperature. The third heat exchanger heats the cryogenic vapor to a fourth temperature. The third heat exchanger outputs the cryogenic vapor at the fourth temperature.

Abstract: A method for creating a coating onto an inner diameter of conduit, whereby an injection nozzle is moved in a forward direction until its tip is aligned with the end of the conduit. Slurry is pumped from a reservoir into the injection nozzle and then is discharged through the tip of the injection nozzle. The slurry flows, distributes and spreads onto the surface of the conduit. The conduit is rotated and the nozzle is retracted as slurry continues to discharge from the nozzle to coat the remainder of the conduit.

Abstract: A porous metallic coating is provided. The coating is characterized by a combination of optimized properties that improve coating performance, as measured by heat transfer efficiency. The porous coating has optimal ranges for properties such as porosity, particle size and thickness, and has particular applicability in boiling heat transfer applications as part of an air separations unit. The porous coatings are derived from slurry-based formulations that include a mixture of metallic particles, a binder and a solvent.

Abstract: A porous metallic coating is provided. The coating is characterized by a combination of optimized properties that improve coating performance, as measured by heat transfer efficiency. The porous coating has optimal ranges for properties such as porosity, particle size and thickness, and has particular applicability in boiling heat transfer applications as part of an air separations unit. The porous coatings are derived from slurry-based formulations that include a mixture of metallic particles, a binder and a solvent.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A porous metallic coating is provided. The coating is characterized by a combination of optimized properties that improve coating performance, as measured by heat transfer efficiency. The porous coating has optimal ranges for properties such as porosity, particle size and thickness, and has particular applicability in boiling heat transfer applications as part of an air separations unit. The porous coatings are derived from slurry-based formulations that include a mixture of metallic particles, a binder and a solvent.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A method for creating a coating onto a conduit is provided. The method includes rotating the conduit while injecting a controlled amount of slurry onto the surface of an inner diameter of the conduit through a nozzle that is retracted from out of the conduit at a controlled speed. The method offers improved reproducibility and repeatability of coating properties in comparison to conventional coating methods.

Abstract: A porous metallic coating is provided. The coating is characterized by a combination of optimized properties that improve coating performance, as measured by heat transfer efficiency. The porous coating has optimal ranges for properties such as porosity, particle size and thickness, and has particular applicability in boiling heat transfer applications as part of an air separations unit. The porous coatings are derived from slurry-based formulations that include a mixture of metallic particles, a binder and a solvent.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A system and method for the concurrent condensation of a nitrogen-rich vapor and vaporization of an oxygen-rich liquid in a distillation column based air separation unit is provided. The disclosed system includes a condenser-reboiler heat exchanger located between a lower pressure column and a higher pressure column and configured to condense a nitrogen-rich vapor from the higher pressure column and partially vaporize an oxygen-rich liquid from the lower pressure column. Within the condenser-reboiler heat exchanger, the nitrogen-rich vapor flows in an upward direction such that any non-condensables present in the nitrogen-rich vapor will accumulate proximate the upper portion or top of the condenser-reboiler modules where they can be easily removed through venting.

Abstract: A shell and tube heat exchanger and distillation column arrangement for an air separation plant utilizing such heat exchanger in which tubes for passage of a liquid that is used in condensing a vapor are located within a cylindrical shell. The tubes are arranged in an inner array of tubes and an outer array of tubes surrounding the inner array of tubes and having more tubes than the inner array. The inner array of tubes present a larger average area, between tubes, for flow of the vapor in an outward, radial direction than tubes of the outer array to lessen pressure drop while allowing for more tubes to be located within the shell to increase the surface area available for heat exchange between the liquid and the vapor.