Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device that includes an insulating layer disposed on a substrate. The display device further includes a plurality of first electrodes and contact electrodes disposed on the insulating layer. The display device further includes a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the plurality of first electrodes. The display device further includes a second electrode disposed on the plurality of light-emitting elements. The display device further includes a passivation layer covering the first electrode. The display device further includes a first opening hole at the passivation layer. The first opening hole extends through the passivation layer. The passivation layer has a first opening hole exposing a portion of an upper surface of the first electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display device and a method of manufacturing the display device. The display device includes a display panel on which a plurality of sub-pixels and lines connected to the sub-pixels and a driving circuit configured to drive the sub-pixels. The display panel further includes a plurality of protruded bank patterns disposed in the sub-pixels, and a light emitting element disposed in each of the bank patterns. The light emitting element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a reflector that covers side surfaces of the light emitting layer and at least a portion of side surfaces of the first electrode. The reflector includes a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer, and a metal layer disposed between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer.

Abstract: A display panel and a display apparatus including the display panel are presented herein. A display panel according to one or more embodiments includes a substrate; an insulating layer on the substrate; a bank pattern on the insulating layer; a first electrode on the bank pattern; a contact electrode on the insulating layer, the contact electrode spaced apart from the bank pattern; a light-emitting element on the first electrode; a first optical layer surrounding the light-emitting element, the first optical layer comprising an organic insulating material including metal particles; a second optical layer on the contact electrode; and a third optical layer on the first optical layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a message-passing computer system and a packet-switched interconnection network. The message transfer apparatus in a packet-switched interconnection network includes a message send controller controlling a send procedure in which messages requested by a processor are sent via an output port, and a timer enabled by an output signal of the message send controller and generating a timeout signal. A buffer unit is connected to the message send controller and is composed of a message buffer having four buffers and a data buffer. A local bus controller connects the message send controller and the buffer unit to the local bus and controls a transfer request and a transfer response to the local bus. An output port controller connected to both the message send controller and the buffer unit controls the output port which sends a packet to an interconnection network.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for controlling a message send in a packet-switched interconnection network, which incorporates a message send controller supporting an efficient message send and a dedicated hardware capable of maximizing a message send rate, taking the structural characteristics of the message-passing parallel computer system method into maximum considerations, thereby minimizing software and hardware overhead in sending a message and being capable of selecting a message send method in accordance with the message characteristics.

Abstract: A message-passing multiprocessor system, such as, a network interface, a method for transferring messages between a node and a node, and a method for formatting the same in a message-passing computer system are disclosed herein. In the network interface for a computer system there are a plurality of nodes connected with one another through an interconnection network for communicating messages, and more than one processor, and a local shared memory, which are connected with one another through a node bus.