Abstract: A computing system for building a virtual factory includes database and a virtual factory building module. The database stores modeling data. The virtual factory building module builds the virtual factory in which a progress situation of a work performed from a first portion to a second portion is displayed, based on the modeling data and a time difference between an output time of a first signal and an output time of a second signal, which is calculated based on the first signal output when a product is at a first portion on one or more facilities monitored from a first location present in an outside of the one or more facilities used in a real factory and the second signal output when the product is at a second portion on the one or more facilities monitored from a second location present in the outside of the one or more facilities. The first location is spaced from the second location, and the first portion is spaced from the second portion.

Abstract: A computing system for building a virtual factory includes database and a virtual factory building module. The database stores modeling data. The virtual factory building module builds the virtual factory in which a progress situation of a work performed from a first portion to a second portion is displayed, based on the modeling data and a time difference between an output time of a first signal and an output time of a second signal, which is calculated based on the first signal output when a product is at a first portion on one or more facilities monitored from a first location present in an outside of the one or more facilities used in a real factory and the second signal output when the product is at a second portion on the one or more facilities monitored from a second location present in the outside of the one or more facilities. The first location is spaced from the second location, and the first portion is spaced from the second portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thin film type solar cell with superior efficiency and a method for manufacturing the same. The thin film type solar cell includes a substrate, one or more front electrodes arranged on the substrate such that the front electrodes are spaced from one another through a first trench, a semiconductor layer arranged on the front electrode, wherein a part of the semiconductor layer is removed by a second trench adjacent to the first trench, and one or more rear electrodes arranged on the second trench and the semiconductor layer such that the rear electrodes are spaced from one another through a third trench adjacent to the second trench, wherein the semiconductor layer include one or more connection members which are adjacent to the second trench and are divided by the second trench.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thin film type solar cell which prevents short circuit from occurring between a first electrode and a second electrode due to a burr produced in a separation part, thereby preventing an output from being reduced. The thin film type solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed over the substrate and being apart from an adjacent first electrode by a first separation part, a semiconductor layer disposed over the first electrode and being apart from an adjacent semiconductor layer by a contact part and a second separation part, and a second electrode disposed over the semiconductor layer and being apart from an adjacent second electrode by the second separation part. The semiconductor layer contacts the substrate through the first separation part, and the second electrode contacts the first electrode through the contact part. A height of a burr produced in the second separation part is lower than a height between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission of content data includes establishing a communication channel with an external device; transmitting the content data through the communication channel to the external device; verifying a plurality of times whether the content data is transmitted to the external device within an acceptable transmission range to generate a verification result; and determining whether to continue transmitting the content data according to the verification result. The verification is periodically performed according to an amount of the content data to be transmitted.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thin film type solar cell which prevents short circuit from occurring between a first electrode and a second electrode due to a burr produced in a separation part, thereby preventing an output from being reduced. The thin film type solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed over the substrate and being apart from an adjacent first electrode by a first separation part, a semiconductor layer disposed over the first electrode and being apart from an adjacent semiconductor layer by a contact part and a second separation part, and a second electrode disposed over the semiconductor layer and being apart from an adjacent second electrode by the second separation part. The semiconductor layer contacts the substrate through the first separation part, and the second electrode contacts the first electrode through the contact part. A height of a burr produced in the second separation part is lower than a height between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission of content data includes establishing a communication channel with an external device; transmitting the content data through the communication channel to the external device; verifying a plurality of times whether the content data is transmitted to the external device within an acceptable transmission range to generate a verification result; and determining whether to continue transmitting the content data according to the verification result. The verification is periodically performed according to an amount of the content data to be transmitted.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for controlling transmission of content data. In the method, a communication channel is initially established to transmit the content data, the content data is transmitted through the established communication channel, verification is performed a plurality of times to determine whether the content data is transmitted within an acceptable transmission range, and whether to continue the transmission of the content data is determined according to the verification result. Accordingly, when a client moves to a location outside a predetermined acceptable transmission range in a wireless environment, a server stops transmission of the content data. In addition, content data can be continuously transmitted regardless of interference caused by a temporary obstacle between a server and a client.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing user devices and contents with quick response (QR) codes. An image of a QR code displayed on a user terminal is captured; the captured image of the QR code is analyzed, and a domain registration request message is generated based on the QR code; and the domain registration request message is transmitted to a domain server, and a domain registration response message is received from the domain server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing content among user devices is provided. The method includes requesting, from a first server, a list of Digital Rights Management (DRM) supported by at least one user device upon receiving a request to download content; using the list of DRM received from the first server to assign at least one second server supported by the at least one user device; and communicating with the assigned at least one second server to download, to the end user device, the content with at least one DRM license supported by the at least one user device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing user devices and contents with quick response (QR) codes. An image of a QR code displayed on a user terminal is captured; the captured image of the QR code is analyzed, and a domain registration request message is generated based on the QR code; and the domain registration request message is transmitted to a domain server, and a domain registration response message is received from the domain server.

Abstract: A method of encrypting data is provided. The method includes dividing data in packet units into N data blocks; generating an initial counter value using a random number used for generating an encryption key for encrypting the data blocks; generating N counter values by increasing the initial value by a predetermined value N times and encrypting the N counter values using the encryption key; and performing an exclusive OR operation on the N encrypted counter values and the N data blocks.

Abstract: A method of managing a home network key in a home network environment, which has a key management server for managing the home network key and a plurality of home network devices, includes: allowing a home network device to generate device unique information and to transmit the device unique information to the key management server; allowing the key management server to generate a parameter for generating the home network key by using the device unique information and to transmit the parameter to the home network device; and allowing the home network device to generate the home network key by using the parameter. The generated home network key being independent of the device unique information.

Abstract: A scrambling apparatus and method are provided for increasing randomness without damaging compression efficiency of total video data by selectively and randomly performing conversion when converting motion vector codes of compressed video data into other motion vector codes indicating other motion vector values, and more particularly, by performing conditional conversion only if a predetermined condition is satisfied when selective conversion of motion vector codes is performed. The scrambling apparatus includes a conversion motion vector code table generator generating a conversion motion vector code table comprising motion vector codes obtained by converting motion vector codes corresponding to motion vector values of input video data in a standard motion vector code table; and a conversion controller randomly determining whether a certain motion vector value is encoded using the conversion motion vector code table or the standard motion vector code table.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for managing a digital rights management (DRM) module. A DRM module for removing a DRM scheme applied to a content selected from among contents, and the content being protected with the DRM scheme, are received. The content is used by using the DRM module, and then the DRM module is partially or completely removed.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for controlling transmission of content data. In the method, a communication channel is initially established to transmit the content data, the content data is transmitted through the established communication channel, verification is performed a plurality of times to determine whether the content data is transmitted within an acceptable transmission range, and whether to continue the transmission of the content data is determined according to the verification result. Accordingly, when a client moves to a location outside a predetermined acceptable transmission range in a wireless environment, a server stops transmission of the content data. In addition, content data can be continuously transmitted regardless of interference caused by a temporary obstacle between a server and a client.

Abstract: A method of encrypting data is provided. The method includes dividing data in packet units into N data blocks; generating an initial counter value using a random number used for generating an encryption key for encrypting the data blocks; generating N counter values by increasing the initial value by a predetermined value N times and encrypting the N counter values using the encryption key; and performing an exclusive OR operation on the N encrypted counter values and the N data blocks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing modulation of an executable program are provided. The method includes decoding a header of the executable program and generating information about a plurality of executable codes, grouping the plurality of executable codes into a first code group and a second code group with reference to the information about the plurality of executable codes, matching each of the plurality of executable codes included in the first code group with each of the plurality of executable codes included in the second code group, and encoding each of the corresponding executable codes included in the second code group using each hash value of the executable codes included in the first code group.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for effectively managing a plurality of licenses are provided. The method includes selecting a value, which corresponds to license information, from a Hash mapping table; selecting a node corresponding to the license information from a tree structure corresponding to the value; and searching for a license by using license location information contained in the node. The apparatus includes a Hash function processor which computes a first value corresponding to the license information using a Hash function; a controller which selects a tree structure corresponding to the license information based on the first value computed by the Hash function processor; a tree structure manager which selects a node corresponding to the license information from the tree structure; and a storage unit which stores the license.

Abstract: A method of managing a home network key in a home network environment, which has a key management server for managing the home network key and a plurality of home network devices, includes: allowing a home network device to generate device unique information and to transmit the device unique information to the key management server; allowing the key management server to generate a parameter for generating the home network key by using the device unique information and to transmit the parameter to the home network device; and allowing the home network device to generate the home network key by using the parameter. The generated home network key being independent of the device unique information.