Abstract: A touch sensing device includes a base layer, a touch electrode layer, a first reinforcing member, and a touch circuit board. The base layer includes a main area and a protruding area protruding from the main area in a first direction. The touch electrode layer is disposed on a surface of the base layer. The first reinforcing member is disposed on a surface of the protruding area. The touch circuit board is electrically connected to the touch electrode layer. The protruding area includes a bending area and a pad area. The bending area is bent downward. The pad area extends from the bending area in the first direction and overlaps the base layer in a second direction intersecting the first direction in a bent state of the bending area. The touch circuit board is attached to the pad area.

Abstract: A display device includes a first lower electrode disposed on a substrate, a first light emitting element disposed on the first lower electrode, a second electrode disposed on the first light emitting element, a second light emitting element disposed on the second electrode, and a first upper electrode disposed on the second light emitting element. The first lower electrode and the first upper electrode are connected to each other.

Abstract: A pulse measurement system of a vehicle includes at least one vehicle device and a pulse measurement apparatus. The vehicle device is configured to recognize a user who rides in the vehicle and to provide information of the user. The pulse measurement apparatus is configured to recognize the user based on the information of the user received from the at least one vehicle device, to set a frequency band of a filter to a first frequency band or a second frequency band based on information of the recognized user, and to detect pulse information of the user based on a signal extracted from the signal reflected from the user by the filter when measuring a pulse of the user.

Abstract: A light emitting element may include a semiconductor stack structure including an N-type semiconductor layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, and an active layer disposed between the N-type semiconductor layer and the P-type semiconductor layer, and an insulating layer disposed on a side portion of the semiconductor stack structure. The semiconductor stack structure may include a fluorinated area disposed adjacent to the insulating layer.

Abstract: Provided are a migration apparatus and method for converting an application program of a mainframe system into an appropriate application program for an open system.