Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an adenosine derivative which can be usefully used for preventing or treating cholangitis or a liver disease caused by cholangitis, and the composition comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: an adenosine derivative capable of acting as an antagonist on A2A and A3 adenosine receptors through the introduction of substituents into the 2nd and 8th carbons and 6th and/or 9th amine(s); a pharmaceutical composition including the same; and a method for preparing the same, wherein the adenosine derivative regulates the activity of an A2A or A3 adenosine receptor, and thus can effectively prevent or treat brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, sleep disorders, inflammation, immune system diseases and the like in which the receptors are involved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro liver disease model using triple co-culture and a preparation method thereof, and the method of preparing the in vitro liver disease model includes directly co-culturing hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, and simultaneously indirectly co-culturing Kupffer cells by being separated from the hepatocytes and the hepatic stellate cells to enable a rapid and highly accurate analysis by similarly implementing the in vivo environment compared to mono-culture, and simultaneously make it easier to collect and measure specimens than typical direct co-culture.