Abstract: A device includes: a controller configured to output a contactor control signal for controlling an operation of a contactor; a system basis unit configured to monitor a state of the controller and to output a safety detection signal; an operation maintaining unit including a first level shifter configured to shift a voltage level of the safety detection signal, a second level shifter configured to shift a voltage level of the contactor control signal, a retention output unit configured to compare the voltage level of the first level shifter with the voltage level of the second level shifter and to output a retention output signal, and a timer output unit configured to output a timer output signal to output the retention output signal for a preset time; and a contactor driver configured to output a contactor driving signal based on the contactor control signal and the retention output signal.

Abstract: A device includes: a controller configured to output a contactor control signal for controlling an operation of a contactor; a system basis unit configured to monitor a state of the controller and to output a safety detection signal; an operation maintaining unit including a first level shifter configured to shift a voltage level of the safety detection signal, a second level shifter configured to shift a voltage level of the contactor control signal, a retention output unit configured to compare the voltage level of the first level shifter with the voltage level of the second level shifter and to output a retention output signal, and a timer output unit configured to output a timer output signal to output the retention output signal for a preset time; and a contactor driver configured to output a contactor driving signal based on the contactor control signal and the retention output signal.

Abstract: Provided is a cube set operating based on short-distance wireless communication and a method and system for recognizing a cube pattern using the same. The cube set includes a plurality of cubes having different patterns formed on faces and a cube case in which a plurality of partition spaces where the plurality of cubes is respectively seated has been formed. One or more magnetic bodies are formed in at least some of the faces of the cube, and a plurality of magnetic sensors is formed in each of the partition spaces of the cube case.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus includes a full bridge switching circuit coupled to a solar panel, a transformer to convert a voltage from the full bridge switching circuit, a diode rectifier coupled to the transformer, and a boost converter coupled to the diode rectifier. The boost converter performs maximum power point tracking of the solar panel. The duty ratio of the full bridge switching circuit is adjusted to be substantially 0.5.