Abstract: A biocompatible radionuclide-containing composition comprising: (i) a radionuclide-containing core, which includes complexed or uncomplexed radionuclide atoms; and (ii) a carrier encapsulating the radionuclide-containing core, wherein the carrier may be attached to a targeting moiety that can selectively transport the composition to a specific cell type when introduced into an organism, or the carrier may be attached to a moiety that evades an immune system of an organism. Also described is a method of treating cancer in a subject by administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of the composition described above. Also described is a method of treating an infection in a subject by administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of the composition described above. Also described is a method of imaging biological tissue in a subject by administering the composition to the subject and imaging biological tissue in the subject by a nuclear medicine imaging technique.

Abstract: A method for producing a diglycolamide molecule having the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from alkyl groups (R) and acyl groups (C(O)R) in which the alkyl groups (R) contain 1-30 carbon atoms and optionally contain an ether or thioether linkage between carbon atoms, and R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms; and one or both pairs of R1 and R2 are optionally interconnected to form a ring; the method comprising: combining a diglycolic acid molecule (A) and a secondary amine (B) to form a salt intermediate (C), and heating the salt intermediate (C) to a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C.

Abstract: Lanthanide complexing molecules having the following structure: wherein: R1, R2, R4, and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen atom, alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms, and hydrophilic groups containing at least one oxygen atom; R3 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom, alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms, and hydrophilic groups containing at least one oxygen atom; and Ra and Rb are independently selected from hydrogen atom, methyl group, halogen atoms, and hydrophilic groups containing at least one oxygen atom; wherein at least two of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, Ra, and Rb are said hydrophilic groups. Also described is a method of separating adjacent lanthanides by use of a two-phase extractant system that includes (i) an acidic aqueous solution containing the lanthanide complexing molecule (1) along with a mixture of at least two lanthanides, and (ii) an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution containing a lipophilic lanthanide extractant compound.

Abstract: A method for producing a diglycolamide molecule having the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from alkyl groups (R) and acyl groups (C(O)R) in which the alkyl groups (R) contain 1-30 carbon atoms and optionally contain an ether or thioether linkage between carbon atoms, and R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms; and one or both pairs of R1 and R2 are optionally interconnected to form a ring; the method comprising: combining a diglycolic acid molecule (A) and a secondary amine (B) to form a salt intermediate (C), and heating the salt intermediate (C) to a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C.

Abstract: An organic polymer composition (OPC) comprising guanidinium-containing A units interconnected with B units of the formula *—R*)r, wherein each asterisk (*) in A units denotes a connection point with an asterisk in B units; R is a hydrocarbon linking group containing at least one carbon atom; r is an integer of 1, 2, or 3; and the composition necessarily includes an anionic species Xm? with a magnitude of charge m of at least 1, wherein the sum of negative charge provided by anionic species Xm? counterbalances the total positive charge provided by the A units. Also described herein is a method for removing one or more oxoanions from an aqueous source by (i) contacting the aqueous source with the above described OPC to result in absorption of the oxoanion into the OPC to produce an oxoanion-containing OPC; and (ii) removing the oxoanion-containing OPC from the aqueous source.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and systems for effectively separating carbonate gangue from bastnaesite without sacrificing significant REO grade or recovery. In some embodiments, centrifugal concentrators may beneficiate Ultra-Fine (UF) bastnaesite and calcite bearing flotation concentrates. The disclosed methods, devices, and systems can achieve initial gravity REO recoveries exceeding 90% while rejecting on the order of 25% to 35% of the total calcium from an assortment of rougher and cleaner flotation concentrates. Addition of stages of cleaner UF Falcon gravity separation may be operated in an open circuit configuration, from an original fine feed of 35 microns containing 50.5% REO and 5.5% Ca, to upgrade up to approximately 59% REO and 2.0% calcium.

Abstract: Rare earth extractant compounds having the following structure: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 1-30 carbon atoms and optionally containing an ether or thioether linkage connecting between carbon atoms, provided that the total carbon atoms in R1, R2, R3, and R4 is at least 12; R5 and R6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and alkyl groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms; and provided that at least one of the conditions (i)-(iv) apply as follows: presence of a distal branched group in at least one of R1-R4 (condition i), asymmetry in R1-R4 (condition ii), presence of amine-containing ring (condition iii), or presence of lactam ring (condition iv). Also described are hydrophobic water-insoluble solutions containing at least one extractant compound of Formula (1), as well as method for extracting rare earth elements from aqueous solution by contacting the aqueous solution with the water-insoluble solution.

Abstract: A method for extracting rare earth elements from aqueous solution, comprising: (i) acidifying an aqueous solution containing said rare earth elements with an inorganic acid to result in an acidified aqueous solution containing said rare earth elements and containing the inorganic acid in a concentration of 1-12 M, wherein said rare earth elements are selected from lanthanides, actinides, or combination thereof, and (ii) contacting the acidified aqueous solution with an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution comprising a rare earth extractant compound dissolved in an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solvent to result in extraction of one or more of the rare earth elements into the aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution by binding of the rare earth extractant compound to the one or more rare earth elements, wherein the rare earth extractant compound has the following structure: provided that at least one of the conditions (a)-(d) applies.

Abstract: An organic polymer composition (OPC) comprising guanidinium-containing A units interconnected with B units of the formula *—R?*)r, wherein each asterisk (*) in A units denotes a connection point with an asterisk in B units; R is a hydrocarbon linking group containing at least one carbon atom; r is an integer of 1, 2, or 3; and the composition necessarily includes an anionic species Xm? with a magnitude of charge m of at least 1, wherein the sum of negative charge provided by anionic species Xm? counterbalances the total positive charge provided by the A units. Also described herein is a method for removing one or more oxoanions from an aqueous source by (i) contacting the aqueous source with the above described OPC to result in absorption of the oxoanion into the OPC to produce an oxoanion-containing OPC; and (ii) removing the oxoanion-containing OPC from the aqueous source.