Abstract: The present subject matter relates to a new liquid and solid-state laser system comprising a laser structure and novel 7H-pyrano[2,3-b:4,5-b?]diquinoline derivative compounds as the laser active media; the novel 7H-pyrano[2,3-b:4,5-b?]diquinoline derivative compounds comprising 10-chloro-7H-pyrano[2,3-b:4,5-b?]diquinoline [(Cl-PD)] and 10-methoxy-7H-pyrano[2,3-b:4,5-b?]diquinoline [(MeO-PD)]; and a method of synthesizing the organic 7H-pyrano[2,3-b:4,5-b?]diquinoline derivative compounds used in the laser system.

Abstract: The solid state laser with conjugated oligomer active material uses a lasing medium including a conjugated oligomer embedded in a transparent crystal matrix. The lasing medium preferably also includes a thermally conductive material. A pump laser generates a pump laser beam to impinge on the lasing medium, causing the lasing medium to generate at least one amplified spontaneous emission laser beam. The transparent crystal matrix may be formed from an epoxy thermosetting plastic, such as that formed from a hardener and an epoxy, such as isobornyl acrylate, ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate, ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-bis(methylthio)acrylate, ethyl cyanoacrylate, ethyl cis-(?-cyano)acrylate, poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) or bisphenol A. The conjugated oligomer may be 1,4-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazo-vinylene)-9,9-dihexyl-fluorene (BECVH-DHF). The thermally conductive material may be molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) or [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM 60).

Abstract: The conjugated polymer laser with temperature-controlled power output uses a triphenylamine dimer-based conjugated polymer as the laser medium to produce an output laser beam having a beam energy tunable between approximately 20 ?J and approximately 325 ?J over a temperature range of the triphenylamine dimer-based conjugated polymer between approximately 40° C. and approximately 85° C. The triphenylamine dimer-based conjugated polymer laser medium is a solution of poly[N,N?-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N,N?-bisphenylbenzidine], known as poly-TPD(4B), dissolved in toluene. Poly-TPD(4B) has a long side chain of butyl (C4H9), providing temperature-dependent dimerization, which may not be found with shorter chains of butyl, such as in poly-TPD(4E) or poly-TPD(4M). The molar concentration of the poly-TPD in the solution is between approximately 5 ?M and approximately 100 ?M.

Abstract: The method of detecting bladder cancer by optical analysis of bodily fluids utilizes optical techniques to determine a concentration of porphyrin in a patient's bodily fluid sample. The patient is administered 5-aminolevulinic acid and, approximately eight hours later, a bodily fluid sample is collected from the patient, and this bodily fluid sample is optically analyzed to measure a concentration of porphyrin therein. Optical analysis is preferably performed by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. If the measured concentration of porphyrin is approximately three times a pre-determined porphyrin concentration for a healthy person of the same age as the patient, then the patient is diagnosed with bladder cancer.

Abstract: The temperature tuned conjugated polymer laser uses a thiophene-based conjugated polymer as the laser medium to produce an output laser beam having a wavelength tunable between approximately 552 nm and approximately 612 nm over a temperature range of the thiophene-based conjugated polymer between approximately 60° C. and approximately 10° C., with an overall tunability of about 1.2 nm/° C. The thiophene-based conjugated polymer laser medium is a solution of poly[3-(2-ethyl-isocyanato-octadecanyl)-thiophene] dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF). A temperature controller selectively and controllably adjusts the temperature of the thiophene-based conjugated polymer to selectively and controllably tune the wavelength of the output laser beam.

Abstract: The method of detecting bladder cancer by optical analysis of bodily fluids utilizes optical techniques to determine a concentration of porphyrin in a patient's bodily fluid sample. The patient is administered 5-aminolevulinic acid and, approximately eight hours later, a bodily fluid sample is collected from the patient, and this bodily fluid sample is optically analyzed to measure a concentration of porphyrin therein. Optical analysis is preferably performed by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. If the measured concentration of porphyrin is approximately three times a pre-determined porphyrin concentration for a healthy person of the same age as the patient, then the patient is diagnosed with bladder cancer.