Abstract: Technical solutions are described for an emissions control system for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine. An example emissions control system for treating exhaust gas in a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine. For example, the emissions control system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, an NOx sensor, and a controller that is configured to detect a NH3 slip of the SCR device. The controller detects the NH3 slip by modulating an engine out NOx from an engine, demodulating the engine out NOx from the engine to original state, and measuring NOx upstream and downstream from the SCR device after the modulation. Further, the controller determines the NH3 slip by comparing gradients in the NOx measurement with one or more predetermined thresholds.

Abstract: Technical solutions are described for an emissions control system for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine. The emissions control system includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, an NOx sensor, and a controller for ammonia slip detection. The ammonia slip detection includes comparing an NOx measurement from the NOx sensor with a predicted NOx value. In response to the NOx measurement exceeding the predicted NOx value by a threshold value, the threshold value being calibrated to a first predetermined value, the threshold value is calibrated to a second predetermined value, a timer is initiated to a predetermined duration, and during the predetermined duration of the timer, in response to a second NOx measurement from the NOx sensor exceeding the predicted NOx value by the threshold value set to the second predetermined value, a reductant dosing rate of the SCR device is adapted according to the second predetermined value.

Abstract: Technical solutions are described for an emissions control system for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine. The emissions control system includes a reductant injector device, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, and a controller. The controller determines a reductant energizing time for the reductant injector device based on one or more operating conditions of the SCR device. The controller further computes a diagnostic adaptation factor for the reductant energizing time based on an on-board diagnostic signal. The controller further inputs an amount of reductant into the SCR device by adjusting a reductant energizing time of the reductant injector device according to the diagnostic adaptation factor.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine that combusts an air/fuel mixture to produce an exhaust gas stream containing oxides of nitrogen (NOx). A dosing system injects an amount of ammonia (NH3) into the exhaust gas stream based on an initial NH3 injection set point value. A selective catalyst reduction (SCR) device absorbs an amount of the NH3 contained in the exhaust gas stream and reduces an amount of NOx. An electronic hardware controller predicts an NH3 slip condition during which a portion the absorbed NH3 will slip from the SCR device, and modifies the initial NH3 injection set point value based on the predicted NH3 slip condition. The controller further generates a modified NH3 injection set point signal indicating an adjusted amount of the NH3 to inject during the predicted NH3 slip condition. The dosing system adjusts the amount of injected NH3 based on the modified NH3 injection set point signal.

Abstract: Method for controlling and detecting ammonium nitrate and/or ammonium nitrite poisoning within selective catalytic reduction (SCR) devices and systems incorporating the same are provided. Methods can include detecting a SCR inlet exhaust gas NO2:NOx ratio above a poisoning NOx flux threshold, detecting a SCR temperature below a poisoning temperature threshold, and determining SCR catalyst poisoning. Methods can further include performing a SCR catalyst cleaning strategy, wherein the SCR cleaning strategy comprises heating the SCR catalyst composition to a temperature above the poisoning temperature threshold. Cleaning strategies can including utilizing a heater, implementing a post-injection, after-injection, and/or auxiliary injection engine strategy wherein the engine is configured to supply exhaust gas to the SCR.

Abstract: Method for controlling and/or monitoring the performance of selective catalytic reduction devices (SCR) and systems incorporating the same are provided. Systems can include a SCR configured to receive reductant at a variable dosing rate, an upstream NOx sensor, and a downstream NOx sensor. Methods can include correlating a SCR reductant dosing signal direction with a SCR downstream NOx signal direction, and determining one or more of NOx breakthrough through the SCR and reductant slip through the SCR. Methods can further comprise identifying reductant slip through the SCR using an upstream NOx sensor signal and a downstream NOx sensor signal. Methods can further comprise comparing an upstream NOx signal to a downstream NOx signal, determining a system objective, and adapting the SCR reductant dosing rate to achieve the system objective in order to identify a faulty upstream NOx sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed are SCR predictive control systems, methods for using such control systems, and motor vehicles with SCR employing predictive control. A method for regulating operation of an SCR system includes receiving sensor signals indicative of NOx output downstream from an SCR catalyst, and sensor signals indicative of exhaust gas temperature upstream from the SCR catalyst. The method determines if a model error condition has occurred for the NOx output signal and, responsive to such an occurrence, modulating dosing injector output for at least a calibrated designated time period. Upon expiration of the designated time period, the dosing injector is activated and commanded to inject reductant in accordance with a modulated dosing value. After the dosing injector injects the modulated dosing value of reductant, the method determines if the SCR system is underdosing or overdosing based on a response shape of signals received from the outlet NOx content sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed are SCR predictive control systems, methods for using such control systems, and motor vehicles with SCR employing predictive control. A method for regulating operation of an SCR system includes receiving sensor signals indicative of NOx output downstream from an SCR catalyst, and sensor signals indicative of exhaust gas temperature upstream from the SCR catalyst. The method determines if a model error condition has occurred for the NOx output signal and, responsive to such an occurrence, modulating dosing injector output for at least a calibrated designated time period. Upon expiration of the designated time period, the dosing injector is activated and commanded to inject reductant in accordance with a modulated dosing value. After the dosing injector injects the modulated dosing value of reductant, the method determines if the SCR system is underdosing or overdosing based on a response shape of signals received from the outlet NOx content sensor.

Abstract: A method to reduce NOx breakthrough and NH3 slip is provided when the SCR system is increasing in temperature and/or increasing exhaust gas mass flow. The method includes the steps of monitoring states of parameters of the exhaust gas upstream of an SCR catalyst where the states of parameters include at least one of the inlet temperature or the exhaust gas mass flow; identifying one of a temperature increase or an increased exhaust gas mass flow at the SCR inlet; identifying a new lower ammonia set-point or storage concentration for the SCR; and identifying the rate of NH3 consumption. The method further includes the step of determining an “intervening phase” a small dosage of DEF is continued during the intervening phase.

Abstract: A film formed from a water-soluble polymer matrix containing a fragrance is provided. The film is water-sensitive so that upon contact with a sufficient amount of water, the matrix loses its integrity to increasingly expose the fragrance to the ambient environment for releasing its odor. The ability to incorporate a fragrance into the matrix is achieved by controlling the nature of the fragrance and polymer, the manner in which the matrix and fragrance are melt processed, etc. For example, the fragrance may be injected directly into the extruder and melt blended with the polymer to avoid the costly, time-consuming steps of pre-encapsulation or pre-compounding of the fragrance into a masterbatch. Furthermore, to balance the fragrance's ability to release the desired odor during use while minimizing the premature exhaustion of the odor during processing, the fragrance has a boiling point (at atmospheric pressure) of from about 125° C. to about 350° C.

Abstract: An engine control system includes an injection determination module, a correction factor determination module, and a regeneration control module. The injection determination module determines a desired amount of hydrocarbons (HC) to inject into exhaust gas produced by an engine based a flow rate of the exhaust gas. The correction factor determination module determines a correction factor for the desired amount of HC based on engine speed and engine load. The regeneration control module controls injection of an adjusted amount of HC into the exhaust gas during regeneration of a particulate matter filter, wherein the adjusted amount of HC is based on the desired amount of HC and the correction factor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a method for performing diagnostics of a selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) device in an exhaust gas treatment system of an internal combustion engine. The method includes monitoring an amount of sulfur in the SCR device of the exhaust treatment system and monitoring, by an SCR diagnostics module, an efficiency of the SCR device and indicating when the efficiency of the SCR device falls below an efficiency diagnostics threshold. Based on determining that the amount of sulfur in the SCR device is above a first threshold, the method includes disabling an operation of the SCR diagnostics module.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a method for performing diagnostics of a selective catalytic reduction (“SCR”) device in an exhaust gas treatment system of an internal combustion engine. The method includes monitoring an amount of sulfur in the SCR device of the exhaust treatment system and monitoring, by an SCR diagnostics module, an efficiency of the SCR device and indicating when the efficiency of the SCR device falls below an efficiency diagnostics threshold. Based on determining that the amount of sulfur in the SCR device is above a first threshold, the method includes disabling an operation of the SCR diagnostics module.

Abstract: A film formed from a water-soluble polymer matrix containing a fragrance is provided. The film is water-sensitive so that upon contact with a sufficient amount of water, the matrix loses its integrity to increasingly expose the fragrance to the ambient environment for releasing its odor. The ability to incorporate a fragrance into the matrix is achieved by controlling the nature of the fragrance and polymer, the manner in which the matrix and fragrance are melt processed, etc. For example, the fragrance may be injected directly into the extruder and melt blended with the polymer to avoid the costly, time-consuming steps of pre-encapsulation or pre-compounding of the fragrance into a masterbatch. Furthermore, to balance the fragrance's ability to release the desired odor during use while minimizing the premature exhaustion of the odor during processing, the fragrance has a boiling point (at atmospheric pressure) of from about 125° C. to about 350° C.

Abstract: A film formed from a water-soluble polymer matrix within which is contained at least one fragrance is provided. The film is water-sensitive (e.g., water-soluble, water-dispersible, etc.) so that upon contact with a sufficient amount of water, the polymer matrix loses its integrity over time to increasingly expose the fragrance to the ambient environment for releasing its odor. The ability to incorporate a fragrance into the polymer matrix is achieved in the present invention by controlling a variety of aspects of the film construction, including the nature of the fragrance, the nature of the water-soluble polymer, the manner in which the polymer matrix and fragrance are melt processed, etc. For example, the fragrance may be injected directly into the extruder and melt blended with the water-soluble polymer. In this manner, the costly and time-consuming steps of pre-encapsulation or pre-compounding of the fragrance into a masterbatch are not required.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine for determining a total amount of sulfur that is stored on at least one aftertreatment device is provided. The exhaust gas treatment system includes a control module that monitors operation of the internal combustion engine for an amount of fuel consumed and an amount of oil consumed by the internal combustion engine. The control module includes a sulfur adsorption module and a total sulfur storage module. The sulfur adsorption module determines a rate of sulfur adsorption in at least one aftertreatment device. The rate of sulfur adsorption is based on the amount of fuel consumed and the amount of oil consumed. The total sulfur storage module is in communication with the sulfur adsorption module. The total sulfur storage module determines the total amount of sulfur stored based on the rate of sulfur adsorption.

Abstract: A method unloads hydrocarbon emissions deposited by an exhaust gas on an after-treatment device that is employed in an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine. The method includes determining whether the engine has been operating at a preset idle speed for a predetermined amount of time. The method also includes increasing the preset idle speed by a predetermined value if the engine has been operating at a preset idle speed for a predetermined amount of time. The increasing of the engine idle speed increases a flow rate of the exhaust gas to the after-treatment device and unloads the deposited hydrocarbon emissions. A system for unloading hydrocarbon emissions deposited on an after-treatment device and a vehicle employing such a system are also disclosed.

Abstract: An elastic barrier flap for an absorbent article includes a web configured to define a gap and a plurality of elastic members captured by the web. The plurality of elastic members is symmetrically arranged about the gap defined by the web. The web and plurality of elastic members are adapted to inhibit the transverse flow of body exudates released by a wearer of the absorbent article.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine to control desulfurization of at least one aftertreatment device is provided. The exhaust gas treatment system includes a desulfurization mode trigger module, a desulfurization control module, and an interrupt module. The desulfurization mode trigger module is configured to set a desulfurization request based on one or more trigger conditions. The desulfurization control module is configured to control desulfurization of at least one aftertreatment device based on the desulfurization request. The interrupt module is configured to interrupt the desulfurization of at least one aftertreatment device based on an interrupt condition.

Abstract: A control method for monitoring an oxidation catalyst of an exhaust system is provided. The control method includes determining an open loop factor based on an aging factor and an efficiency curve; controlling an injection of hydrocarbons into an exhaust stream based on the open loop factor; and monitoring the oxidation catalyst based on the injection of hydrocarbons.