Abstract: The present invention relates to a secretin receptor modulator for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a disease or disorder of energy homeostasis, wherein (a) said secretin receptor modulator is a secretin receptor agonist and said disease or disorder is obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, high blood pressure or metabolic syndrome, whereby the secretin receptor agonist increases non-shivering thermogenesis in brown adipocytes and/or increases the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipocytes and/or decreases food intake in a UCP1-dependent manner resulting in the prevention and/or treatment of said disease or disorder; or (b) said secretin receptor modulator is a secretin receptor antagonist and said disease or disorder is cachexia.