Abstract: A neuromodulation customization system includes a field definition user interface, a neuromodulation signaling engine, and a supervisor engine. The field definition user interface is to facilitate entry of a customized electrotherapy field definition, with the field definition user interface including a set of input controls for defining field shape, field intensity, and field steering parameters of the customized electrotherapy field. The neuromodulation signaling engine is to produce commands for neuromodulation output circuitry to control generation of a customized electrotherapy field via a set of electrodes based on the customized electrotherapy field definition. The supervisor engine is to assess compliance of the customized electrotherapy field to be generated with applicable predefined criteria, and to modify generation of the customized electrotherapy field in response to an assessed non-compliance with the criteria.

Abstract: An electrical stimulation system includes at least one electrical stimulation lead having stimulation electrodes; and a processor coupled to the at least one electrical stimulation lead to perform actions, including: directing delivery of at least one stimulation pulse to tissue of a patient during each charge injection phase, where each consecutive pair of the charge injection phases is separated by a charge recovery phase; and, for at least one stimulation pulse: during delivery of the stimulation pulse, directing application of at least one charge recovery pulse to interrupt the delivery of the stimulation pulse, where each one of the at least one charge recovery pulse has a relative amplitude that is larger in magnitude than an amplitude of the stimulation pulse; and, after application of the charge recovery pulse, directing resumption of delivery of the stimulation pulse at the amplitude of the stimulation pulse.

Abstract: A neuromodulation customization system includes a field definition user interface, a neuromodulation signaling engine, and a supervisor engine. The field definition user interface is to facilitate entry of a customized electrotherapy field definition, with the field definition user interface including a set of input controls for defining field shape, field intensity, and field steering parameters of the customized electrotherapy field. The neuromodulation signaling engine is to produce commands for neuromodulation output circuitry to control generation of a customized electrotherapy field via a set of electrodes based on the customized electrotherapy field definition. The supervisor engine is to assess compliance of the customized electrotherapy field to be generated with applicable predefined criteria, and to modify generation of the customized electrotherapy field in response to an assessed non-compliance with the criteria.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system and method of providing therapy to a patient. Electrical energy is delivered to the patient in accordance with a modulation parameter, thereby providing therapy to the patient, and the modulation parameter of the delivered electrical energy is varied over a period of time, such that the delivered electrical energy is continually maintained at a sub-threshold level throughout the period of time. The sub-threshold level may be referred to as a patient-perception threshold, which may be referred to as a boundary below which a patient does not sense delivery of the electrical energy. For example, in a spinal cord modulation system, the patient-perception threshold may be a boundary below which a patient does not experience paresthesia.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A system for storing stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters includes at least one memory; at least one of i) multiple stimulation programs or ii) a multiple sets of stimulation parameters stored on the at least one memory from multiple different devices remote from the system and used to stimulate different patients; at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory to retrieve the stored stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters from the at least one memory when requested and to store additional stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters on the at least one memory; and a communications arrangement coupled to the at least one processor to deliver the stored stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters to external device and to receive additional stimulation programs and sets of stimulation parameters from external devices.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A neuromodulation customization system includes a field definition user interface, a neuromodulation signaling engine, and a supervisor engine. The field definition user interface is to facilitate entry of a customized electrotherapy field definition, with the field definition user interface including a set of input controls for defining field shape, field intensity, and field steering parameters of the customized electrotherapy field. The neuromodulation signaling engine is to produce commands for neuromodulation output circuitry to control generation of a customized electrotherapy field via a set of electrodes based on the customized electrotherapy field definition. The supervisor engine is to assess compliance of the customized electrotherapy field to be generated with applicable predefined criteria, and to modify generation of the customized electrotherapy field in response to an assessed non-compliance with the criteria.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system and method includes delivering first electrical modulation energy to a patient through a timing channel at a relatively high energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 KHz-50 KHz) during a first time period in accordance with a stored modulation energy delivery schedule, delivering second electrical modulation energy to the patient through the same timing channel at a relatively low energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 Hz to 1500 Hz) during a second time period in accordance with the stored modulation energy delivery schedule.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system and method includes delivering first electrical modulation energy to a patient through a timing channel at a relatively high energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 KHz-50 KHz) during a first time period in accordance with a stored modulation energy delivery schedule, delivering second electrical modulation energy to the patient through the same timing channel at a relatively low energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 Hz to 1500 Hz) during a second time period in accordance with the stored modulation energy delivery schedule.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A system for storing stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters includes at least one memory; at least one of i) multiple stimulation programs or ii) a multiple sets of stimulation parameters stored on the at least one memory from multiple different devices remote from the system and used to stimulate different patients; at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory to retrieve the stored stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters from the at least one memory when requested and to store additional stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters on the at least one memory; and a communications arrangement coupled to the at least one processor to deliver the stored stimulation programs or sets of stimulation parameters to external device and to receive additional stimulation programs and sets of stimulation parameters from external devices.

Abstract: A wearable or portable device for use in an electrical stimulation system can include a sensor to measure a biosignal; a processor to receive the biosignal from the sensor; and a communications arrangement coupled to the processor to wirelessly communicate with at least one of an external programming unit or a control module of the electrical stimulation system. The wearable device is configured and arranged to be worn by a user so that the wearable device can measure the biosignal of the user.

Abstract: A method of operating an implantable neuromodulator includes calculating an index for each of a plurality of modulation parameter sets, wherein each modulation parameter set includes a respective plurality of modulation parameters from which the respective index is calculated, serially conveying electrical modulation energy to a patient in accordance with each of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, causing the patient to perceive paresthesia in response to the conveyance of the electrical modulation energy to the tissue in accordance with one of the plurality of modulation parameter sets, identifying the calculated index for that one modulation parameter set as a perception threshold index based on the perceived paresthesia, and storing the identified perception threshold index.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system configured for providing sub-threshold neuromodulation therapy to a patient. The neuromodulation system comprises a plurality of electrical terminals configured for being respectively coupled to a plurality of electrodes, modulation output circuitry configured for delivering modulation energy to the electrical terminals, a user interface for receiving input from a user, and control/processing circuitry configured for generating a super-threshold modulation program based on the received user-input, controlling the modulation output circuitry to deliver super-threshold modulation energy in accordance with the super-threshold modulation program, automatically deriving a plurality of different sub-threshold modulation programs from the super-threshold modulation program, and controlling the modulation output circuitry to deliver sub-threshold modulation energy to a patient in accordance with at least one of the sub-threshold modulation programs.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system and method of providing therapy to a patient. Electrical energy is delivered to the patient in accordance with a modulation parameter, thereby providing therapy to the patient, and the modulation parameter of the delivered electrical energy is varied over a period of time, such that the delivered electrical energy is continually maintained at a sub-threshold level throughout the period of time. The sub-threshold level may be referred to as a patient-perception threshold, which may be referred to as a boundary below which a patient does not sense delivery of the electrical energy. For example, in a spinal cord modulation system, the patient-perception threshold may be a boundary below which a patient does not experience paresthesia.

Abstract: A neuromodulation system and method includes delivering first electrical modulation energy to a patient through a timing channel at a relatively high energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 KHz-50 KHz) during a first time period in accordance with a stored modulation energy delivery schedule, delivering second electrical modulation energy to the patient through the same timing channel at a relatively low energy level (e.g., at a frequency in the range of 2 Hz to 1500 Hz) during a second time period in accordance with the stored modulation energy delivery schedule.

Abstract: A medical lead includes a pitted, grooved or threaded electrode array tip and a flexible tube or sheath encompassing the electrode array located near the lead tip. In some embodiments, the electrode array adheres to tissue, the tube or sheath adheres to the electrode array at the distal end of the electrode array or the tube or sheath adheres to tissue at the proximal end of the tube or sheath. Embodiments of the tube or sheath may be made from biodegradable material and can include electrode windows spaced along the tube or sheath corresponding to placement of electrode contacts of the electrode array.