Abstract: Composition comprising a polyester resin (A) made waterborne by adding 7-20 mass %, based on resin solids content of (A), of (a) a C1-3 alkoxy group-containing glycol monoalkyl ether to a polyester resin of resin acid value 25-35 mgKOH/g and neutralizing with a secondary amine and/or tertiary amine; a melamine resin (B) comprising methylated melamine resin and methyl/butyl mixed alkylated melamine resin, the content ratio based on resin solids content by mass of the methylated melamine resin to the methyl/butyl mixed alkylated melamine resin from 50/50 to 90/10, and the content ratio based on resin solids content by mass of component (A) to component (B) is 70/30 to 90/10, and a polypropylene glycol (C) comprising a number average molecular weight between 400 and 1,200, and in a mass percentage between 1 and 10 mass % in terms of the combined resin solids contents by mass of component (A) and component (B).

Abstract: Composition comprising a polyester resin (A) made waterborne by adding 7-20 mass %, based on resin solids content of (A), of (a) a C1-3 alkoxy group-containing glycol monoalkyl ether to a polyester resin of resin acid value 25-35 mgKOH/g and neutralizing with a secondary amine and/or tertiary amine; a melamine resin (B) comprising methylated melamine resin and methyl/butyl mixed alkylated melamine resin, the content ratio based on resin solids content by mass of the methylated melamine resin to the methyl/butyl mixed alkylated melamine resin from 50/50 to 90/10, and the content ratio based on resin solids content by mass of component (A) to component (B) is 70/30 to 90/10, and a polypropylene glycol (C) comprising a number average molecular weight between 400 and 1,200, and in a mass percentage between 1 and 10 mass % in terms of the combined resin solids contents by mass of component (A) and component (B).

Abstract: This invention provides a method for forming multilayer coating film, which comprises successively carrying out a step of applying an intermediate paint onto a coating object to form an intermediate coating film; a step of forming a base coating film by applying onto the intermediate coating film a water-based base coating paint; a step of forming a clear coating film by applying onto the base coating film a clear coating paint, and a step of heating the uncured intermediate coating film, base coating film and clear coating film to simultaneously cure these three coating films; wherein the intermediate paint has a complex viscosity at 40° C. (?*40) of not higher than 100 Pa·sec under the conditions of shear stress, 1.0 Pa and frequency, 0.1 Hz, and a complex viscosity at 80° C. (?*80) of at least 800 Pa·sec under the conditions of shear stress, 1.0 Pa and frequency, 0.1 Hz.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for forming multilayer coating film, which comprises successively carrying out a step of applying an intermediate paint onto a coating object to form an intermediate coating film; a step of forming a base coating film by applying onto the intermediate coating film a water-based base coating paint; a step of forming a clear coating film by applying onto the base coating film a clear coating paint, and a step of heating the uncured intermediate coating film, base coating film and clear coating film to simultaneously cure these three coating films; wherein the intermediate paint has a complex viscosity at 40° C. (?*40) of not higher than 100 Pa·sec under the conditions of shear stress, 1.0 Pa and frequency, 0.1 Hz, and a complex viscosity at 80° C. (?*80) of at least 800 Pa·sec under the conditions of shear stress, 1.0 Pa and frequency, 0.1 Hz.

Abstract: A three-coat one-bake type coating process for forming a multilayer coating film which attains high efficiency and brings about an excellent finished appearance. A three-coat one-bake type coating process includes applying an intermediate coating material, applying a finish base coating material, applying a clear topcoating material, and drying, wherein a two-package type coating material containing an isocyanate compound as the crosslinking agent is used as the intermediate coating material, whereby the surface fluidity of the intermediate coating is improved to make the coating surface smooth and the mixing of the intermediate coating with an upper layer and/or the volume shrinkage of the intermediate coating due to the component eliminated by curing are inhibited to give coated members having an excellent finished appearance.

Abstract: There is provided a method for forming a brilliant coating film with an excellent brilliant appearance by using aqueous first and second base coating compositions without preheating the applied first base coating composition. In the method, the aqueous first base coating composition is applied to a substrate to form a first base coating, the aqueous second base coating composition is applied to the first base coating to form a second base coating, a clear coating composition is applied to the second base coating to form a clear coating, and then the uncured coatings formed are simultaneously heated and cured, under controlling the solid contents of the first and second base coating compositions and the ratio therebetween, or the brilliant pigment mass concentrations of the base coating compositions and the ratio therebetween, or the mass ratio, the evaporation rate, and the solubility parameter of a solvent contained in the first base coating composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for forming a plural layer coating film which is excellent in a chipping resistance and a corrosion resistance, characterized by comprising the steps of coating a cationically electrodepositable coating material (a) on an article to be coated and curing it by heating, then coating a water based thermoplastic chipping resistant coating material (b) and controlling a solid content in the coating film to 40% by weight or more, thereafter coating a water based intermediate coating material (c) and curing both coating films of the coating material (b) and the coating material (c) by heating and then coating a top coating material (d) and curing it.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a coating film formation process which enables the formation of a coating film excellent in the metal-tone aesthetic appearance and the invisibility of aluminum flakes.

Abstract: A coating composition for top coating according to the present invention comprises a thermosetting component and a photo-curing component, which forms a film through a thermosetting and a following photo curing treatment. The thermosetting component and the photo-curing component in the coating composition is blended in such amounts sufficient for forming a film after the thermosetting treatment to have a prescribed repair property and for forming a final film after the photo curing treatment to have a prescribed wear resistance.

Abstract: A passive filter device for a capacitor in series with a substantially inductive transmission line of an electric transmission system is disclosed. The passive filter device comprises a double-loop RCL filter in parallel with the series capacitor. At power frequency, the filter device allows the power frequency current to pass through the series capacitor with minimum power losses. At sub-synchronous resonance frequencies, the passive filter device provides bypassing of the series capacitor with maximum selectivity of the RCL filter.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to separate the harmonic problems in the load side circuit of an electrical power distribution system from the source side circuit of a source transformer in a reliable and economical manner. The electrical power distribution system includes at least a source of AC electrical power, a load, and the connection from the source to the load including a source transformer, electrical conductors, wires, or cables. A part of the load is the non-linear load which injects harmonics. A harmonic blocking filter, comprised of an existing source transformer and a series combination of an auxiliary transformer and a capacitor, is connected in parallel with the source transformer. The MVA rating of the auxiliary transformer is chosen to be equal or smaller than the MVA rating of the source transformer, and the leakage impedance of the auxiliary transformer is chosen to be equal or larger than the impedance of the source transformer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device permitting low voltage driving which presents good display quality for a long time and excellent characteristics in low power consumption when voltage is supplied at a high temperature of about 50.degree. C. under a driving condition of a low frequency of 200 or less in terms of the number of polarity inversion per second. The display device includes a liquid crystal composition in which the voltage corresponding to 50% threshold value is 1.5 V or less is selected, and a fluorine-containing polymer material such as a fluorine-containing polyimide is used.

Abstract: A method of driving a display element wherein a light transmittance of a pixel selected by a row electrode and a column electrode changes in accordance with a difference between voltages applied on the row electrode and the column electrode, is employed which satisfies several conditions.

Abstract: This circuit breaker comprises a plurality of vacuum interrupters electrically connected in series. The voltage distribution across the interrupters is controlled by a plurality of capacitive circuits respectively connected across the interrupters. Each of these capacitive circuits comprises: (a) the series combination of a relatively large main capacitor and a resistor connected across its associated interrupter, and (b) means comprising a relatively small auxiliary capacitor for producing a high frequency oscillatory current through said associated interrupter upon spark-over of the interrupter, which oscillatory current produces a natural current zero through said associated interrupter and clearance by said associated interrupter at said natural current zero well before said associated main capacitor has had time to fully discharge through said associated sparked-over interrupter.