Abstract: A controller of an image forming device is configured to perform: an elapsed time acquisition process; an evaluation value acquisition process; and an outputting process. The elapsed time acquisition process acquires a length of elapsed time in each of a first time period and a second time period. The evaluation value acquisition process acquires a first evaluation value for the first time period and a second evaluation value for the second time period. Each of the first and second evaluation values specifies a degree of change in a quality of colorant in a cartridge during a corresponding one of the first and second time periods and is based on the length of elapsed time acquired in the elapsed time acquisition process and an ambient environment of the cartridge affecting the quality of the colorant. The outputting process outputs an output value reflecting both the first and second evaluation values.

Abstract: An information management system includes: an information handling apparatus; and an information management apparatus which communicates with the information handling apparatus via a network. The information handling apparatus executes: an identification information obtaining process; and an identification information sending process. The information management apparatus executes: an identification information receiving process; a recipient associating process; a collection information obtaining process; a privilege information generating process; a recipient determining process; and a privilege information granting process.

Abstract: There is provided a printing apparatus including: an installing part in which a consumable item to be used in printing is to be installed; a printer configured to print an image on a printing medium by using the consumable item installed in the installing part; and a controller. The printing apparatus is configured to operate in a contract mode based on content of a contract regarding the consumable item to be used in the printing. The controller is configured to execute a profit returning process of performing profit return according to the content of the contract in a case that the consumable item installed in the installing part has a type corresponding to a non-contract mode not based on the content of the contract and that the printing apparatus is operated in the contract mode.

Abstract: Provided is a medical immobilization device that contributes to reducing the burden on a patient, while being capable of firmly immobilizing the patient. A medical immobilization device 10 is a device for immobilizing a specific site 1 of the body of a patient with the patient lying on their back. The medical immobilization device 10 comprises a block 3 made of a material that allows radiation to pass through, and the block 3 comprises holder portions 2a to 2c in which at least a region from the lower surface to both sides of the specific site 1 fit. All or part of the upper part of the block 3 is open.

Abstract: An optical transmission system includes: a transmission node to transmit wavelength-multiplexed light of a plural wavelengths arranged in a predetermined transmission band; and a reception node to receive the wavelength-multiplexed light, and to include a monitor to monitor a detection sensitivity indicating a sampling phase shift with respect to a phase of light corresponding to one among the received plural wavelengths, and a transmitter to transmit information indicating that the monitored detection sensitivity for light corresponding to a wavelength adjacent to an outer edge of the transmission band, among the plural wavelengths, has been reduced below a threshold value, to the transmission node, wherein the transmission node includes a receiver to receive information indicating a reduction in the detection sensitivity, and a controller to stop wavelength control of shifting the wavelength adjacent to the outer edge in a direction approaching the outer edge in response to reception of the information.

Abstract: An optical transmission system includes: a transmission node to transmit wavelength-multiplexed light of a plural wavelengths arranged in a predetermined transmission band; and a reception node to receive the wavelength-multiplexed light, and to include a monitor to monitor a detection sensitivity indicating a sampling phase shift with respect to a phase of light corresponding to one among the received plural wavelengths, and a transmitter to transmit information indicating that the monitored detection sensitivity for light corresponding to a wavelength adjacent to an outer edge of the transmission band, among the plural wavelengths, has been reduced below a threshold value, to the transmission node, wherein the transmission node includes a receiver to receive information indicating a reduction in the detection sensitivity, and a controller to stop wavelength control of shifting the wavelength adjacent to the outer edge in a direction approaching the outer edge in response to reception of the information.

Abstract: A transmission system includes: a first transmission device configured to transmit an input signal to a second transmission device via a transmission section, the first transmission device preforms operations of: saving overhead information included in a first frame of the input signal from a region in use to an unused region of the first frame, the overhead information corresponding to an object of termination in the transmission section; and transmitting, to the transmission section, a first signal including a second frame in which the overhead information is saved.

Abstract: An optical amplifier to which an optical output power automatic attenuation circuit according to the present invention is applied, comprises: one amplifier board to and from which a WDM light is input and output; and a plurality of booster boards which supply pumping lights to the amplifier board, an ID pattern generated in an ID pattern generating circuit disposed in each of the booster boards is superposed on the pumping light to be sent to the amplifier board, an electric signal indicating a monitoring result of the pumping light in a light receiver disposed on the amplifier board is transmitted to each of the booster boards, it is detected in an ID coincidence detection circuit in each of the booster boards whether or not a received ID pattern contained in the electric signal is coincident with the generated ID pattern, and a connection condition of an output fiber is judged according to the detection result so that an output level of the pumping light is controlled.

Abstract: An optical amplifier to which an optical output power automatic attenuation circuit according to the present invention is applied, comprises: one amplifier board to and from which a WDM light is input and output; and a plurality of booster boards which supply pumping lights to the amplifier board, an ID pattern generated in an ID pattern generating circuit disposed in each of the booster boards is superposed on the pumping light to be sent to the amplifier board, an electric signal indicating a monitoring result of the pumping light in a light receiver disposed on the amplifier board is transmitted to each of the booster boards, it is detected in an ID coincidence detection circuit in each of the booster boards whether or not a received ID pattern contained in the electric signal is coincident with the generated ID pattern, and a connection condition of an output fiber is judged according to the detection result so that an output level of the pumping light is controlled.

Abstract: There is provided an image forming apparatus which can correctly recognize a function substantially used by a user. The image forming apparatus is provided with an image input portion for reading a read original document as image data, an image output portion for forming an output image on the basis of inputted image data and prints it out, a discrimination portion for discriminating whether the output image formed by the image output portion is formed on the basis of the image data read by the image input portion, a billing amount calculation portion for calculating a billing amount on the basis of a discrimination result of the discrimination portion, and a system control portion for controlling the entire operation of the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A copier in which reading of an original is carried out simultaneously with formation, on the basis of image data obtained by the reading of the original, of a multicolored transfer image which is to be transferred onto a sheet, and conveying of the sheet is started during the formation of the transfer image, and at a transfer position, the transfer image is transferred onto the sheet. After starting of the reading of the original and before starting of the conveying of the sheet, if it is sensed, on the basis of the image data obtained by the reading of the original, that the original is a copying prohibited original, the sheet is not conveyed and copying processing is stopped.

Abstract: In a light amplifier device having a rare-earth element doped optical fiber to which an input light signal and an exciting light are applied, an exciting-light emitting part generates the exciting light. A variable attenuator which attenuates the exciting light applied. A driving part which supplies a driving current to the exciting light part. A monitor part monitors the input light signal. A light-emitting part generates a light in a wavelength band which includes a wavelength of the input light signal. A control part for controlling either the attenuator or driving part, when the monitor part detects a change in the input light signal, so that the light generated by the light-emitting part is applied to the rare-earth element doped optical fiber.