Abstract: In a brake system of a hybrid type vehicle equipped with a front regeneration brake workable at a first regeneration efficiency, a rear regeneration brake workable at a second regeneration efficiency different from the first regeneration efficiency, a front friction brake, a rear friction brake and a control device for operating the front and rear regeneration brakes and the front and rear friction brakes, when the vehicle is braked at a controlled braking force, either of the front and rear regeneration brake workable at a higher regeneration efficiency than the other applies as much a braking force to the corresponding front or rear wheels as available thereby under a condition that a ratio of a braking force applied to the rear wheels to a braking force applied to the front wheels is not larger than a value predetermined therefor, with a remainder of the controlled braking force, if any, being applied by at least one of the other of the front and rear regeneration brakes and the front and rear friction bra

Abstract: A braking and driving force control apparatus and method are for a vehicle having a frictional braking device for applying a braking force individually to each wheel and a regenerative braking device for generating a common braking force to a plurality of wheels. A target braking force is calculated on the basis of a driver's braking operation or traction control. The regenerative braking device is controlled so as to achieve the smallest target braking force of the target braking forces of the plurality of wheels. The frictional braking device is controlled so as to achieve the target braking force of another wheel, different from the wheel having the smallest target braking force, in cooperation with the regenerative braking device. Thus, the efficiency of regenerating energy is enhanced.

Abstract: A braking force control apparatus and method control a braking force of a motor vehicle that has (a) regenerative braking devices for front wheels and rear wheels, respectively, and (b) a friction braking device for each of the front wheels and the rear wheels. A target braking force of the front wheels and a target braking force of the rear wheels are calculated, based on a braking requirement made by a driver of the vehicle and a ratio of braking forces of the front wheels and the rear wheels. Initially, the regenerative braking devices are controlled to generate regenerative braking forces at the front wheels and the rear wheels, and then, if necessary, the friction braking device is controlled to generate a friction braking force at each of the front wheels and rear wheels, so that a total braking force applied to the front wheels and a total braking force applied to the rear wheels are controlled to the front-wheel target braking force and the rear-wheel target braking force, respectively.

Abstract: An electric brake apparatus generates an appropriate brake force without unnecessarily consuming electric power. The electric brake apparatus has a brake actuator generating a brake force. The brake actuator uses a brake motor system including a brake motor as a power source. A motor current provided to the brake motor is generated under a normal control so as to generate a brake force required for a vehicle. The motor current generated under the normal control is reduced when the brake motor is overheated or when the vehicle is stopped for a long time.

Abstract: A power steering apparatus of rack-and-pinion type comprising an input shaft steered by a driver, an output shaft operatively connected to a rack bar through a rack-and-pinion gear mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder operatively connected to the rack bar, and a rotary valve operatively connected to the input shaft. The steering apparatus further comprises an intermediate rotary member disposed between the input shaft and output shaft for rotation about an axis offset from the rotational axis of the output shaft, and a reduction gear mechanism arranged between the rotary valve and the intermediate rotary member. A cam mechanism is disposed between the intermediate rotary member and the output shaft for transmitting the rotation of the intermediate rotary member to the output shaft.