Abstract: A method for producing a Guerbet alcohol, including reacting a raw material alcohol having 8 or more and 22 or less carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst (A) containing a first component and a second component below, having a molar ratio of the second component with respect to the first component (second component/first component) of 0.0001 or more and 0.005 or less: first component: copper, and second component: one kind selected from the group consisting of elements that are elements belonging to Groups 9 to 13 in the fourth to sixth periods of the periodic table, except copper.

Abstract: A vehicular heat exchange device includes: a first medium flow circuit through which a heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with an internal combustion engine flows; a second medium flow circuit through which the heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with an electric power storage unit that can be charged and discharged flows; and a first valve portion switching between a communication state and a non-communication state between the first medium flow circuit and the second medium flow circuit, in which the vehicular heat exchange device is configured such that the first valve portion causes the first medium flow circuit and the second medium flow circuit to be in the communication state to raise a temperature of the internal combustion engine before driving of the internal combustion engine using heat of the electric power storage unit.

Abstract: A vehicular heat exchange device includes: a first medium flow circuit through which a heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with an internal combustion engine flows; a second medium flow circuit through which the heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with an electric power storage unit that can be charged and discharged flows; and a first valve portion switching between a communication state and a non-communication state between the first medium flow circuit and the second medium flow circuit, in which the vehicular heat exchange device is configured such that the first valve portion causes the first medium flow circuit and the second medium flow circuit to be in the communication state to raise a temperature of the internal combustion engine before driving of the internal combustion engine using heat of the electric power storage unit.

Abstract: A control system includes a hydraulic pressure control valve and an electronic control unit. The hydraulic pressure control valve includes a spool configured to be moved inside a sleeve. The hydraulic pressure control valve is configured to control a hydraulic pressure by moving the spool between a first end and a second end of the sleeve. The hydraulic pressure control valve includes a stopper configured to transmit vibration to the sleeve. The electronic control unit is configured to control the spool to vibrate in the first end or the second end when foreign matter is stuck in the hydraulic pressure control valve, such that the spool or a member that moves the spool repeatedly hits the stopper.

Abstract: A control system includes a hydraulic pressure control valve and an electronic control unit. The hydraulic pressure control valve includes a spool configured to be moved inside a sleeve. The hydraulic pressure control valve is configured to control a hydraulic pressure by moving the spool between a first end and a second end of the sleeve. The hydraulic pressure control valve includes a stopper configured to transmit vibration to the sleeve. The electronic control unit is configured to control the spool to vibrate in the first end or the second end when foreign matter is stuck in the hydraulic pressure control valve, such that the spool or a member that moves the spool repeatedly hits the stopper.

Abstract: A temperature control system for an internal combustion engine, to which a block heater for warming a coolant and keeping the coolant warm is attachable, the temperature control system includes a coolant circulating apparatus circulating the coolant, a fluid temperature detecting device detecting a fluid temperature of the coolant, a block heater disuse estimating portion estimating a possibility of disuse of the block heater under a condition that a circulation of the coolant is stopped, and a block heater usage determining portion determining whether or not the block heater is used on the basis of changes in the fluid temperature under a condition that the coolant is circulated in a case where the block heater disuse estimating portion does not estimate the disuse of the block heater.

Abstract: The ECU includes: a stop control portion controlling an electric water pump to stop, when an engine provided with the electric water pump pressure-feeding a coolant is warmed up; a first drive control portion controlling the electric water pump to drive for a predetermined period at least before the stop control portion performs a control, when a coolant temperature thw in starting the engine is equal to or higher than a predetermined value ?. The electric water pump corresponds to a variable water pump capable of changing the flow rate of the coolant.

Abstract: The ECU includes: a stop control portion controlling an electric water pump to stop, when an engine provided with the electric water pump pressure-feeding a coolant is warmed up; a first drive control portion controlling the electric water pump to drive for a predetermined period at least before the stop control portion performs a control, when a coolant temperature thw in starting the engine is equal to or higher than a predetermined value ?. The electric water pump corresponds to a variable water pump capable of changing the flow rate of the coolant.

Abstract: A temperature control system for an internal combustion engine, to which a block heater for warming a coolant and keeping the coolant warm is attachable, the temperature control system includes a coolant circulating apparatus circulating the coolant, a fluid temperature detecting device detecting a fluid temperature of the coolant, a block heater disuse estimating portion estimating a possibility of disuse of the block heater under a condition that a circulation of the coolant is stopped, and a block heater usage determining portion determining whether or not the block heater is used on the basis of changes in the fluid temperature under a condition that the coolant is circulated in a case where the block heater disuse estimating portion does not estimate the disuse of the block heater.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a cooling portion for flowing a coolant therethrough, a coolant sensitive sensor portion detecting a temperature of the coolant, a heat exchanging device using a heat of the coolant, a circulation flow varying device for varying a circulation flow, a circulation path for flowing the coolant therethrough, and a controller for regulating the circulation flow by controlling the circulation flow varying device while referring to the temperature of the coolant upon a receipt of a request for a requested flow from the heat exchanging device. The controller determines a condition for warming-up when the warming-up of the engine is performed in accordance with the temperature of the coolant, controls the circulation flow varying device for warming-up the engine without circulating the coolant, and increases the circulation flow to the requested flow for a predetermined period of time when the requested flow is requested during the warming-up.

Abstract: A trapping detection device of an opening/closing member includes a motor, a motor speed detection device, a control device, a voltage detection device for detecting a drive voltage applied to the motor, an actual speed decision device for deciding the actual speed of a rotation of the motor, an estimated speed calculation device for calculating the estimated speed of the rotation of the motor based on the drive voltage, an estimated speed storage device for storing the estimated speed for a predetermined time, an estimated speed correction device for correcting the estimated speed based on a difference between the actual speed and the estimated speed obtained before the predetermined time, a trapping determination device for determining the trapping based on a change state of a difference between the estimated speed being corrected and the actual speed.

Abstract: An opening and closing device for an opening and closing member of a vehicle includes a driving motor, a feedback control unit for controlling an output duty to the driving motor so that a preset target speed of the driving motor can be achieved, a high-pass filter for filtering a frequency of an actual speed of the driving motor, and a pinching determination unit for determining a pinching of an object based on an output from the high-pass filter.

Abstract: An opening and closing control device of opening and closing member for a vehicle includes a motor for actuating the opening and closing member, and a control unit for driving the motor so as to become a predetermined target speed and for driving the motor in reverse direction as a detection of entrapped obstacles when the actual speed of the motor reaches to an entrapment judgment speed which is set lower than the target speed. The control unit sets a threshold speed which is higher than the target speed and outputs an output duty to the motor for achieving the target speed by feedback control. The control unit switches the output duty after the actual speed of the motor becomes higher than the threshold speed to an output by feedforward control based on the target speed.

Abstract: A trapping detection device of an opening/closing member includes a motor, a motor speed detection device, a control device, a voltage detection device for detecting a drive voltage applied to the motor, an actual speed decision device for deciding the actual speed of a rotation of the motor, an estimated speed calculation device for calculating the estimated speed of the rotation of the motor based on the drive voltage, an estimated speed storage device for storing the estimated speed for a predetermined time, an estimated speed correction device for correcting the estimated speed based on a difference between the actual speed and the estimated speed obtained before the predetermined time, a trapping determination device for determining the trapping based on a change state of a difference between the estimated speed being corrected and the actual speed.

Abstract: An opening and closing device for an opening and closing member of a vehicle includes a driving motor, a feedback control unit for controlling an output duty to the driving motor so that a preset target speed of the driving motor can be achieved, a high-pass filter for filtering a frequency of an actual speed of the driving motor, and a pinching determination unit for determining a pinching of an object based on an output from the high-pass filter.

Abstract: An opening and closing control device of opening and closing member for a vehicle Includes a motor for actuating the opening and closing member, and a control unit for driving the motor so as to become a predetermined target speed and for driving the motor in reverse direction as a detection of entrapped obstacles when the actual speed of the motor reaches to an entrapment Judgment speed which is set lower than the target speed. The control unit sets a threshold speed which is higher than the target speed and outputs an output duty to the motor for achieving the target speed by feedback control. The control unit switches the output duty after the actual speed of the motor becomes higher than the threshold speed to an output by feedforward control based on the target speed.

Abstract: A disturbance compensation control system which restricts periodic disturbance of a control object such as a motor includes a repetition control unit. The repetition control unit restricts the periodic disturbance to the control object. The repetition control unit is designed so as not to perform a repetition compensation control when the control object is initially started.

Abstract: A device for estimating a road friction state in which a friction state of a wheel with respect to a road surface can be estimated accurately. A bandpass filter extracts, from a wheel speed signal detected by a wheel speed detecting unit, a portion of the wheel speed signal in a predetermined range which includes a torsion resonance point at which a frequency is greater than a low frequency regions. A vibration level computing unit computes a vibration level of the wheel speed signal. A road friction state estimating unit estimates the friction state of the wheel with respect to the road surface on the basis of a vibration level computed by the vibration level computing unit and an estimated value of a road &mgr; slope computed by a &mgr; slope computing unit, and on the basis of a relationship between the two determined for each road surface state.

Abstract: A wheel velocity signal for each wheel detected by a wheel velocity sensor is input to a bandpass filter. Signals from frequency bands unrelated to the unsprung resonance are then removed from the wheel velocity signal and only signals from frequency bands related to the unsprung resonance are output. A road surface &mgr; gradient estimation device uses an online identification method to identify an damping ratio of a second order resonance model similar to a suspension—tire resonance model from the signal output from the bandpass filter. The road surface &mgr; gradient is then estimated from the identified damping ratio. The damping ratio of the second order resonance model corresponds to the road surface &mgr; gradient in the following manner: when the damping ratio is identified as being small, the road surface &mgr; gradient is estimated as being large; and when the road surface &mgr; gradient is identified as being large, the damping ratio is estimated as being small.

Abstract: A disturbance compensation control system which restricts periodic disturbance of a control object such as a motor includes a repetition control unit. The repetition control unit restricts the periodic disturbance to the control object. The repetition control unit is designed so as not to perform a repetition compensation control when the control object is initially started.