Abstract: A light-emitting element having a long lifetime is provided. A light-emitting element exhibiting high emission efficiency in a high luminance region is provided. A light-emitting element includes a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-emitting layer contains a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a phosphorescent compound. The first organic compound is represented by a general formula (GO). The molecular weight of the first organic compound is greater than or equal to 500 and less than or equal to 2000. The second organic compound is a compound having an electron-transport property. In the general formula (GO), Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a fluorenyl group, a spirofluorenyl group, or a biphenyl group, and Ar3 represents a substituent including a carbazole skeleton.

Abstract: A resist underlayer film-forming composition exhibiting high etching resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent coatability; a resist underlayer film obtained using the resist underlayer film-forming composition and a method for producing the same; a method for forming a resist pattern; and a method for producing a semiconductor device. A resist underlayer film-forming composition including a polymer and a compound represented by Formula (1) as a solvent. In Formula (1), R1, R2, and R3 in Formula (1) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or an amide bond, and R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and may bond to each other to form a ring structure.

Abstract: A resist underlayer film-forming composition exhibiting high etching resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent coatability; a resist underlayer film obtained using the resist underlayer film-forming composition and a method for producing the same; a method for forming a resist pattern; and a method for producing a semiconductor device. A resist underlayer film-forming composition including a polymer and a compound represented by Formula (1) as a solvent. In Formula (1), R1, R2, and R3 in Formula (1) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or an amide bond, and R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and may bond to each other to form a ring structure.

Abstract: Provided is a novel composition for forming a resist underlayer film. This composition for forming a resist underlayer film includes a polymer (X) and a solvent, the polymer (X) containing: a plurality of structural units which are the same as or different from each other and have a methoxymethyl group and a ROCH2- group (R is a monovalent organic group, a hydrogen atom, or a mixture thereof) other than the methoxymethyl group; and a linking group that links the more than one structural unit.

Abstract: The invention provides a container for storing a biomaterial in which adhesion of a minute amount of a biomarker(s) contained in the biomaterial to the surface of the container for storage can be suppressed, and sample loss is reduced, while enabling analysis with accuracy and highly precision. In particular, the container for storing a biomaterial for reducing sample loss of a biomarker(s) contained in the biomaterial has a coating containing a copolymer which contains a recurring unit which contains a group represented by the following formula (a), a recurring unit which contains a group represented by the following formula (b), and optionally a recurring unit which contains a group represented by the following formula (c), on at least a part of the surface of the container: (wherein, Ua1, Ua2, Ub1, Ub2 and Ub3, An? and Rc are as defined herein).

Abstract: A resist underlayer film-forming composition exhibiting high etching resistance, high heat resistance, and excellent coatability; a resist underlayer film obtained using the resist underlayer film-forming composition and a method for producing the same; a method for forming a resist pattern; and a method for producing a semiconductor device. A resist underlayer film-forming composition including a polymer and a compound represented by Formula (1) as a solvent. In Formula (1), R1, R2, and R3 in Formula (1) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or an amide bond, and R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and may bond to each other to form a ring structure.

Abstract: A graphitization furnace has a furnace structure including a support part within a furnace chamber, and a gate valve. The gate valve in an open state thereof after a graphitization process dumps a pack material within the furnace chamber in a state in which carbon bodies are located within the furnace chamber, and the support part catches the carbon bodies as a level of the carbon bodies lowers with a decrease in an amount of the pack material remaining within the furnace chamber.

Abstract: A graphitization furnace has a furnace structure including a support part within a furnace chamber, and a gate valve. The gate valve in an open state thereof after a graphitization process dumps a pack material within the furnace chamber in a state in which carbon bodies are located within the furnace chamber, and the support part catches the carbon bodies as a level of the carbon bodies lowers with a decrease in an amount of the pack material remaining within the furnace chamber.

Abstract: An image display device which includes a parallax adjustment unit, a display unit, a parallax detector, and a maximum parallax detector. The parallax adjustment unit is configured to obtain a right-eye image signal and a left-eye image signal. The parallax adjustment unit is configured to adjust a parallax between the right-eye image signal and left-eye image signal and output an adjusted image signal that includes an adjusted left-eye and adjusted right-eye signal. The parallax detector is configured to detect an amount of parallax between the right-eye and left-eye image signals. The maximum parallax detector is configured to detect a maximum value. The display unit is configured to display a right-eye image and a left-eye image and to display an augmented image including the right-eye image and the left-eye image as well as a monitor image indicating the amount of parallax detected and the maximum value.

Abstract: An image display device which includes a parallax adjustment unit, a display unit, a parallax detector, and a maximum parallax detector. The parallax adjustment unit is configured to obtain a right-eye image signal and a left-eye image signal. The parallax adjustment unit is configured to adjust a parallax between the right-eye image signal and left-eye image signal and output an adjusted image signal that includes an adjusted left-eye and adjusted right-eye signal. The parallax detector is configured to detect an amount of parallax between the right-eye and left-eye image signals. The maximum parallax detector is configured to detect a maximum value. The display unit is configured to display a right-eye image and a left-eye image and to display an augmented image including the right-eye image and the left-eye image as well as a monitor image indicating the amount of parallax detected and the maximum value.

Abstract: A taste improving agent containing as an active ingredient a whey mineral satisfying all the criteria (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) below: (a) an ash content in an solid portion of the whey mineral is 25 to 75% by mass; (b) a calcium content in a solid portion of the whey mineral is less than 2% by mass; (c) a calcium content in an ash portion of the whey mineral is less than 5% by mass; (d) a lactic acid content in a solid portion of the whey mineral is 1.0% by mass or more; and (e) a pH of an aqueous solution containing 0.1% by mass of a solid portion of the whey mineral is 6.0 to 7.5.

Abstract: An optical direct amplifier lowers the power consumption with a simple structure at a low cost. This amplifier includes an optical amplification medium (e.g., optical fiber) that carries out an optical amplification function in response to optical excitation by an exciting light source (e.g., semiconductor laser); a temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the amplification medium; a heat radiating member for radiating the heat generated by the light source; and a heat transmission regulator (e.g., Peltier module) for allowing the heat to flow into the amplification medium from the light source and for preventing the heat from flowing into the light source from the amplification medium. The amplification medium is heated by application of the heat generated by the light source by way of the heat radiating member and the heat transmission regulator.

Abstract: A light-quantity adjusting function of a diaphragm used for light quantity control for improving the contrast of a projected image is controlled to cancel light quantity variation due to variation of the driving power of the light source for increasing the service life. This control keeps the quantity of light coming into a display element at a constant value and achieves both service life extension of the light source and image projection having no brightness fluctuation.

Abstract: A light-quantity adjusting function of a diaphragm used for light quantity control for improving the contrast of a projected image is controlled to cancel light quantity variation due to variation of the driving power of the light source for increasing the service life. This control keeps the quantity of light coming into a display element at a constant value and achieves both service life extension of the light source and image projection having no brightness fluctuation.

Abstract: A taste improving agent containing as an active ingredient a whey mineral satisfying all the criteria (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) below: (a) an ash content in an solid portion of the whey mineral is 25 to 75% by mass; (b) a calcium content in a solid portion of the whey mineral is less than 2% by mass; (c) a calcium content in an ash portion of the whey mineral is less than 5% by mass; (d) a lactic acid content in a solid portion of the whey mineral is 1.0% by mass or more; and (e) a pH of an aqueous solution containing 0.1% by mass of a solid portion of the whey mineral is 6.0 to 7.5.

Abstract: An optical direct amplifier lowers the power consumption with a simple structure at a low cost. This amplifier includes an optical amplification medium (e.g., optical fiber) that carries out an optical amplification function in response to optical excitation by an exciting light source (e.g., semiconductor laser); a temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the amplification medium; a heat radiating member for radiating the heat generated by the light source; and a heat transmission regulator (e.g., Peltier module) for allowing the heat to flow into the amplification medium from the light source and for preventing the heat from flowing into the light source from the amplification medium. The amplification medium is heated by application of the heat generated by the light source by way of the heat radiating member and the heat transmission regulator.

Abstract: An image display device which has a display element that optically modulates an incident light for displaying an image. A lamp is a light source of the incident light to the display element. A lamp driver drives the lamp. A lamp power level calculator calculates a driving power level of the lamp corresponding to a level of an input video signal. A lamp temperature controller controls a lamp temperature depending on changes in the input signal from the lamp power level calculator so as to change the lamp temperature within a predetermined range in response to fluctuations of the input video signal. This image display device can further include a projection lens for projecting and displaying images formed in the display element on a screen.

Abstract: An image display device which has a display element that optically modulates an incident light for displaying an image. A lamp is a light source of the incident light to the display element. A lamp driver drives the lamp. A lamp power level calculator calculates a driving power level of the lamp corresponding to a level of an input video signal. A lamp temperature controller controls a lamp temperature depending on changes in the input signal from the lamp power level calculator so as to change the lamp temperature within a predetermined range in response to fluctuations of the input video signal. This image display device can further include a projection lens for projecting and displaying images formed in the display element on a screen.

Abstract: Capacitors (4, 6) are connected in series across a DC power supply (2). IGBTs (8, 10) are connected in series across the DC power supply (2), too. The IGBTs (8, 10) are rendered conductive alternately. A transformer (12) is connected between the junction of the capacitors (4, 6) and the junction of the IGBTs (8, 10). Snubber capacitors (32, 38) are connected in parallel with the IGBTs (8, 10), respectively. Diodes (34, 40) are connected in series with respective ones of the snubber capacitors (32, 38) in such a manner that said snubber capacitors (32, 38) can be charged when the IGBTs (8, 10) are rendered nonconductive. A secondary winding (54SA) of a transformer (54) is connected between the DC power supply (2) and the junction of the snubber capacitor (32) and the diode (34), and converts a secondary voltage of the transformer (12) and returns the converted voltage to the DC power supply (2) when the IGBT (8) is conductive.

Abstract: Capacitors (4, 6) are connected in series across a DC power supply (2). IGBTs (8, 10) are connected in series across the DC power supply (2), too. The IGBTs (8, 10) are rendered conductive alternately. A transformer (12) is connected between the junction of the capacitors (4, 6) and the junction of the IGBTs (8, 10). Snubber capacitors (32, 38) are connected in parallel with the IGBTs (8, 10), respectively. Diodes (34, 40) are connected in series with respective ones of the snubber capacitors (32, 38) in such a manner that said snubber capacitors (32, 38) can be charged when the IGBTs (8, 10) are rendered nonconductive. A secondary winding (54SA) of a transformer (54) is connected between the DC power supply (2) and the junction of the snubber capacitor (32) and the diode (34), and converts a secondary voltage of the transformer (12) and returns the converted voltage to the DC power supply (2) when the IGBT (8) is conductive.