Abstract: A computer implemented method for training a neural network to capture a structural feature specific to a set of chemical compounds is disclosed. In the method, the computer system reads an expression describing a structure of the chemical compound for each chemical compound in the set and enumerates one or more combinations of a position and a type of a structural element appearing in the expression for each chemical compound in the set. The computer system also generates training data based on the one or more enumerated combinations for each chemical compound in the set. The training data includes one or more values with a length, each of which indicates whether or not a corresponding type of the structural element appears at a corresponding position for each combination. Furthermore, the computer system trains the neural network based on the training data for the set of the chemical compounds.

Abstract: A mouthpiece (150A) has an aerosol lead-out flow passage (104), an aerosol lead-out opening (105), and exhalation discharge openings (106). The lead-out flow passage (104) includes a first flow passage (104A) extending upward, a second flow passage (104B) extending obliquely forward from the first flow passage (104A), and a corner flow passage (104C) for connecting the first flow passage (104A) and second flow passage (104B) of the lead-out flow passage (104). The mouthpiece (150A) has a curvature portion (153) formed by curving that portion of the first flow passage (104A) wall surface which crosses the center line of the first flow passage (104A). The exhalation discharge openings (106) are provided in a wall surface defining the second flow passage (104B), at a position circumferentially displaced from the wall surface portion at which the curvature portion (153) is provided.

Abstract: A webbing retractor that can alleviate the load on a reducing balance spring without increasing cost and weight is obtained. When a ring inertially rotates in a retraction direction together with a ratchet gear, a ring-side pressing portion of a load receiving portion accommodating portion formed in the ring presses a spring-side load receiving portion of a clutch spring in the retraction direction. Due to this, the clutch spring is loosened, whereby the ring can easily inertially rotate in the retraction direction together with the ratchet gear, and the load acting on a reducing balance spring can be alleviated.

Abstract: An inhaler has a cap body for defining a flow path and having first and second air inhalation openings for introducing outside air into the flow path from the outside; an air inhalation valve for opening and closing the first air inhalation opening by using the difference in pressure between the flow path and the outside; and a shielding section capable of selectively shielding either of the first and second air inhalation openings. The inhaler is configured to be switchable between two states that are a first state where the second air inhalation opening is shielded by the shielding section and outside air can be introduced through the first air inhalation opening by using the pressure difference and a second state where the first air inhalation opening is shielded by the shielding section and communication between the flow path and the outside through the second air inhalation opening is constantly maintained.

Abstract: A mouthpiece (150A) has an aerosol lead-out flow passage (104), an aerosol lead-out opening (105), and an exhalation discharge opening (106). The lead-out flow passage (104) includes a first flow passage (104A) extending upward, a second flow passage (104B) extending obliquely forward from the first flow passage (104A), and a corner flow passage (104C) for connecting the first flow passage (104A) and second flow passage (104B) of the lead-out flow passage (104). The mouthpiece (150A) has a curvature portion (153) formed by curving that portion of the first flow passage (104A) wall surface which crosses the center line of the first flow passage (104A). The exhalation discharge opening (106) is provided in a wall surface defining the second flow passage (104B), at a position circumferentially displaced from the wall surface portion at which the curvature portion (153) is provided.

Abstract: A mouthpiece (160) has a concave portion (161A) provided in a wall surface defining a flow path, and the concave portion (161A) is formed to have a curved surface that is curved only in one direction when seen from the above. The concave portion (161A) is provided with slit-like communication holes (162), and a valve body (170) is fixed by a fixing member (180) to the mouthpiece (160) at a generally central portion of the concave portion (161A) in the direction in which the concave portion (161A) is curved, so as to close the communication holes (162). With this structure, even if the valve body deteriorates over time due to long-term use, or the valve body deforms due to long-term use or cleaning and disinfection, its function as an exhalation valve is less likely to be impaired, and as a result, an inhaler capable of preventing leakage of aerosol can be provided.

Abstract: An inhaler has a cap body (150) for defining a flow path (101) through which an airflow moves and having, formed in it, first and second air inhalation openings (152a, 152b) for introducing outside air into the flow path (101) from the outside of a nebulizer (100A); an air inhalation valve (140) for opening and closing the first air inhalation opening (152a) by using the difference in pressure between the flow path (101) and the outside of the nebulizer (100A); and a shielding section (132) capable of selectively shielding either of the first and second air inhalation openings (152a, 152b).