Abstract: The invention relates to microporous membranes comprising polymer and having well-balanced permeability, shutdown temperature, and pin puncture strength. The invention also relates to methods for making such membranes, and the use of such membranes as battery separator film in, e.g., lithium ion secondary batteries.

Abstract: A multilayer microporous membrane including polymer and having a shutdown temperature of ?130.5° C. and a storage stability of 0.3V or less.

Abstract: A microporous membrane comprising layers, wherein at least one layer comprises a first polymer having a Tm in the range of 115.0° C. to 130.0° C. and an Mw of from 5.0×103 to 4.0×105, and the membrane has a shutdown temperature ?130.5° C. and a rupture temperature ?170.0° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to microporous membranes comprising polymer and having well-balanced permeability, shutdown temperature, and pin puncture strength. The invention also relates to methods for making such membranes, and the use of such membranes as battery separator film in, e.g., lithium ion secondary batteries. The membrane has a shutdown temperature <130.5° C.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a hydraulic shovel includes a variable displacement hydraulic pump; selector valves communicated with the variable displacement hydraulic pump; actuators communicated with the selector valves; variable relief valves provided in a discharge oil passage of the variable displacement hydraulic pump and also provided in input oil passages of some of the actuators; a pilot hydraulic pump communicated with the variable relief valves through pilot oil passages; a solenoid valve provided in the pilot oil passage for changing set pressures of the variable relief valves; a regulator for controlling a discharge quantity of the variable displacement hydraulic pump; and a pilot oil passage for communicating the solenoid valve with the regulator.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a piece of construction equipment such as a hydraulic shovel. The operation of the hydraulic shovel is controlled by a number of hydraulic actuators which are provided with a high pressure oil through selector valves. A main relief valve prevents an excessive pressure from developing in the vicinity of a main pump, and port relief valves associated with the individual actuators prevent excessive pressures from reaching each actuator. Pilot lines carry a biasing oil pressure from a pilot pump to the main relief valve and to at least one of the port relief valves to boost the relief pressures in the circuit in response to a signal from an operator controlled switch. Simultaneously with effecting a boosting of relief pressure in the relief valves, the operator controlled switch renders one of the actuators inoperative using a shut-off valve so that it may not be operated while the relief pressures are boosted.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit suitable for use in a hydraulic operating circuit of a power shovel includes a hydraulic cylinder for driving a working component and a hydraulic change-over valve for selectively supplying the cylinder with a discharge oil pressure of a hydraulic pump driven from an engine. The hydraulic circuit prevents cavitation in an oil chamber of the cylinder and includes a pair of first signal receiving portions provided in the hydraulic change-over valve for moving the spool thereof in the forward and reverse directions away from a netural position, respectively, and a second signal receiving portion for pulling back the spool toward said neutral position.

Abstract: A swing reduction gear assembly for a swing device which prevents admission of grease into the same and in which the pressing force of grease squeezed out from between mutually meshing teeth of a pinion and an internal gear wheel thereof is reduced. The swing reduction gear assembly comprises a lower bearing for supporting an output shaft for rotation on a casing, a sealing collar fitted on an outer periphery of the output shaft and located above a pinion integrated with the output shaft, a retainer mounted on the casing below the lower bearing, and an oil seal fitted around the retainer and normally held in engagement with an outer periphery of the sealing collar. The oil seal has a lower face side lip portion formed thereon, and a disk-shaped plate is mounted on an outer periphery of the sealing collar such that the lower face side lip portion of the oil seal is normally held in contact with an upper face of the disk-shaped plate to prevent oil from entering the swing reduction gear drive.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit suitable for use in a hydraulic operating circuit of a power shovel includes a hydraulic cylinder for driving a working component and a hydraulic change-over valve for selectively supplying the cylinder with a discharge oil pressure of a hydraulic pump driven from an engine.

Abstract: An operation control device for a construction machine is constructed of a remote control valve having a member moveable in proportion to an operating lever stroke and having a plurality of devices engaged with the member and operable in association therewith. A part of the plural devices include a proportional hydraulic signal generator for reducing a hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source in proportion to a moving quantity of the member and generating a signal as a pilot pressure, and a part or the other of the plural devices including a proportional electric signal generator for generating an electric signal proportional to the moving quantity of the member.

Abstract: An operating apparatus for a hydraulic shovel for operating a plurality of control valves which control the operation of work devices includes pilot type control valves, pilot valves, levers for operating pilot valves, and an operating pattern switching valve. The operating pattern switching valve has a rotary spool inserted into a casing. A plurality of input ports are provided in a peripheral surface of the casing with phases deviated from each other axially and peripherally. A plurality of output ports are provided oppositely to the input ports.