Abstract: A misfire determination apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a rotational speed detector detecting a rotational speed of an engine and a microprocessor. The microprocessor is configured to perform calculating a misfire parameter having a correlation with a change amount of the rotational speed in a combustion stroke of each of a plurality of cylinders and increasing as an increase amount of the rotational speed is large based on the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed detector, and determining that a single-cylinder misfire has occurred when the misfire parameter is less than a first predetermined value, while determining that the single-cylinder misfire or a multi-cylinder misfire has occurred when the misfire parameter is less than a second predetermined value greater than the first predetermined value.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a first metal terminal including a first plating film on a surface of a first terminal main body, and a second metal terminal including a second plating film on a surface of the second terminal main body. The first metal terminal includes a surface connected to the first external electrode on which a first recess portion is provided such that the first terminal main body is exposed. The second metal terminal includes a surface connected to the second external electrode on which a second recess portion is provided such that the second terminal main body is exposed. The first and second recess portions each include cavities. An exterior material covers the multilayer ceramic electronic component main body, the bonding material, a portion of the first metal terminal, and a portion of the second metal terminal.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic electronic component includes a multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body including a multi-layer body including stacked ceramic layers, stacked internal electrode layers, first and second main surfaces, first and second side surfaces, and first and second end surfaces, first and second external electrodes respectively on sides where the first and second end surfaces are located, and first and second metallic terminals respectively connected to the first and second external electrodes. The multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body and at least portion of the first and second metallic terminals are covered with an external material. The second main surface is connected to the metallic terminals. The first and second external electrodes cover a portion of the second main surface. A gap is provided between the multi-layer body and tips of the first and second external electrodes. The external material is in the gap.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic electronic component includes a multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body including a multi-layer body including stacked ceramic layers, stacked internal electrode layers, first and second main surfaces, first and second side surfaces, and first and second end surfaces, first and second external electrodes respectively on sides where the first and second end surfaces are located, and first and second metallic terminals respectively connected to the first and second external electrodes. The multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body and at least portion of the first and second metallic terminals are covered with an external material. The second main surface is connected to the metallic terminals. The first and second external electrodes cover a portion of the second main surface. A gap is provided between the multi-layer body and tips of the first and second external electrodes. The external material is in the gap.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises: a sensor; a controller that controls the sensor so as to obtain images by repeatedly capturing an image of a subject, and to output a detection signal for detecting flicker during a period since capturing of an Nth image is performed to capturing of an N+1th image is performed; a calculation unit that calculates information relating to flicker based on the detection signal; a selector that selects Nth information calculated based on the detection signal or N?1th information calculated immediately before the Nth information according to a predetermined condition relating to a period required for performing calculation based on the detection signal; and a determination unit that determines a capturing timing of the N+1th image based on the Nth information or the selected N?1th information.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes first and second multilayer ceramic electronic component bodies facing each other in a length direction that connects first and second end surfaces. A first metal terminal is connected to a first outer electrode. A second metal terminal is connected to a fourth outer electrode. An outer casing covers the first and second multilayer ceramic electronic component bodies, and at least a portion of each of the first and second metal terminals. A third metal terminal is exposed from the outer casing.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises: a sensor; a controller that controls the sensor so as to obtain images by repeatedly capturing an image of a subject, and to output a detection signal for detecting flicker during a period since capturing of an Nth image is performed to capturing of an N+1th image is performed; a calculation unit that calculates information relating to flicker based on the detection signal; a selector that selects Nth information calculated based on the detection signal or N?1th information calculated immediately before the Nth information according to a predetermined condition relating to a period required for performing calculation based on the detection signal; and a determination unit that determines a capturing timing of the N+1th image based on the Nth information or the selected N?1th information.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic electronic component includes a multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body including a multi-layer body including stacked ceramic layers, stacked internal electrode layers, first and second main surfaces, first and second side surfaces, and first and second end surfaces, first and second external electrodes respectively on sides where the first and second end surfaces are located, and first and second metallic terminals respectively connected to the first and second external electrodes. The multi-layer ceramic electronic component main body and at least portion of the first and second metallic terminals are covered with an external material. The second main surface is connected to the metallic terminals. The first and second external electrodes cover a portion of the second main surface. A gap is provided between the multi-layer body and tips of the first and second external electrodes. The external material is in the gap.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a first metal terminal including a first plating film on a surface of a first terminal main body, and a second metal terminal including a second plating film on a surface of the second terminal main body. The first metal terminal includes a surface connected to the first external electrode on which a first recess portion is provided such that the first terminal main body is exposed. The second metal terminal includes a surface connected to the second external electrode on which a second recess portion is provided such that the second terminal main body is exposed. The first and second recess portions each include cavities. An exterior material covers the multilayer ceramic electronic component main body, the bonding material, a portion of the first metal terminal, and a portion of the second metal terminal.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes first and second multilayer ceramic electronic component bodies facing each other in a length direction that connects first and second end surfaces. A first metal terminal is connected to a first outer electrode. A second metal terminal is connected to a fourth outer electrode. An outer casing covers the first and second multilayer ceramic electronic component bodies, and at least a portion of each of the first and second metal terminals. A third metal terminal is exposed from the outer casing.

Abstract: The button fastener comprises a fastener body and a cover member which is attached to the fastener body. The fastener body includes a disk-like base and a hollow, cylindrical post extending upward from a center area of the base concentrically. The post has a top opening at its upper end and a bottom opening in a center area of the base. The cover member covers the lower surface of the base including the bottom opening. The base includes a base bottom adjacent to the post and a base flange rising upward relative to the base bottom radially outward from the base bottom. The cover member includes a curved outer periphery curving from the lower surface side of the base and then rising upward beyond the base flange of the base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mixture of: a bone/cartilage formation promoting agent containing sulfated galactosaminoglycan having greater than or equal to 0.6 numbers of ester sulfate groups on average per constituent monosaccharide or a salt thereof as an active ingredient; a factor having a bone/cartilage formation promoting action; or a bone filler (BMP, TGF-?, FGF, IGF, insulin, PDGF, HGF, midkine, pleiotrophin, collagen, gelatin, proteoglycan, fibronectin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, osteonectin, bone sialoprotein, hydroxyapatite, dicalcium phosphate anhydride, dicalcium phosphate dehydrate, ?-tricalcium phosphate, amorphous calcium phosphate, octacalcium phosphate, ?-tricalcium phosphate, PLLA, PLGA, titanium, decalcified bone, autogeneous bone, or the like).

Abstract: To obtain an artificial cartilage tissue having high strength and biocompatibility. There is provided an artificial cartilage tissue which is substantially free of heterologous protein and is substantially free of scaffold derived from non-cartilage-derived cells, but contains mammalian cartilage-derived cells and an extracellular matrix formed by the cartilage-derived cells, where: (1) the water retention per mg of tissue dry weight is 17.8 mg or less; (2) collagen of 5.57 ?g or more per mg of tissue wet weight is contained; (3) proteoglycan of 9.22 ?g or more per mg of tissue wet weight is contained.

Abstract: A coin discriminating device has a detecting part, a first switching part, a storage part, and a control part. The detecting part has a first sensor including a pair of coils, and an oscillating circuit, and is supplied with voltage from a power source, and in addition, outputs a detection signal varied by a coin passing between the coils. The first switching part switches magnetic connection of the coils between an in-phase connection and a reversed-phase connection a plurality of times while the coin passes between the coils. The control part compares the detection signal from the detecting part and a reference signal stored in the storage part so as to determine authentication and a denomination of the coin.

Abstract: To obtain an artificial cartilage tissue having high strength and biocompatibility. There is provided an artificial cartilage tissue which is substantially free of heterologous protein and is substantially free of scaffold derived from non-cartilage-derived cells, but contains mammalian cartilage-derived cells and an extracellular matrix formed by the cartilage-derived cells, where: (1) the water retention per mg of tissue dry weight is 17.8 mg or less; (2) collagen of 5.57 ?g or more per mg of tissue wet weight is contained; (3) proteoglycan of 9.22 ?g or more per mg of tissue wet weight is contained.

Abstract: Oligosaccharides including those usable as anti-inflammatory agent or anti-allergy agent, represented by the following general formula (3): wherein R10 and R11 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or —SO3M where M represents a proton or a monovalent cation, Ac represents an acetyl group, R12 represents a hydrogen atom or an anomeric substituent (a 6-O-sulfated N-acetylglucosamine residue, an alkyl group, a glycerol residue, an O-alkylglycerol residue, a cholesterol residue, a cholestanyl group, a ceramide residue, a phospholipid residue, a biotin residue, or a peptide residue), and Z represents an oxygen atom or —NHCO—.

Abstract: A method for promoting vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation and/or healing vesical mucosa of a patient's bladder, comprising: administering to the inside of the patient's bladder a solution comprising hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount of more than 0.3 to less than 0.6% by weight until promotion of vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation and/or healing vesical mucosa is observed, and a kit comprising a solution containing more than 0.3% by weight and less than 0.6% by weight of hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a container which contains the solution and is adapted for administration of the solution to the inside of a bladder.

Abstract: An IL-12 production inhibitor which comprises, as an active ingredient, a keratan sulfate oligosaccharide or a derivative thereof, for example, a keratan sulfate oligosaccharide comprising at least one repeating unit of either one of the disaccharides represented by the following formulas: Gal (6s)-GlcNAc (6s) and Gal (6s)-GlcNAc wherein Gal represents a galactose residue, GlcNAc represents an N-acetylglucosamine residue, 6s indicates that 6-0-sulfate ester is formed at a Hydroxyl group at the 6-position, and - represents a glycosidic linkage.

Abstract: A method for promoting vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation and/or healing vesical mucosa of a patient's bladder, comprising: administering to the inside of the patient's bladder a solution comprising hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount of more than 0.3 to less than 0.6% by weight until promotion of vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation and/or healing vesical mucosa is observed, and a kit comprising a solution containing more than 0.3% by weight and less than 0.6% by weight of hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a container which contains the solution and is adapted for administration of the solution to the inside of a bladder.

Abstract: In order to provide an agent for treatment of bladder troubles that has vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation promoting action and/or vesical mucosa healing action, and exhibits excellent curative effect for bladder troubles, in particular, non-bacterial intractable bladder troubles, the agent for treatment of bladder troubles is formulated with hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, preferably hyaluronic acid and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having the following physicochemical properties: (A) endotoxin content; 0.03 EU (endotoxin unit)/10 mg or less, (B) sulfur content; 0.01% or less as determined by coulometric titration, (C) iron content; 20 ppm or less, (D) protein content; 0.1% or less, and (E) weight average molecular weight; 500,000 or more, in an amount effective for promoting vesical mucosa epithelium dilatation and/or healing vesical mucosa, preferably in an amount of 0.2-0.6% by weight based on total amount of the agent.