Abstract: When the pressure in a main fluid supply channel is lower than a no-load operation start pressure, and auxiliary fluid supply channel is communicated with the main fluid supply channel through the internal flow channel of a spool, and as the pressure rises within the main fluid supply channel, the spool moves against the biasing force of a biasing member, and the area of opening of the auxiliary fluid supply channel is reduced with regards to opening of the internal flow channel. When the pressure in the main fluid supply channel rises and reaches a no-load operation start pressure, the area of opening in the auxiliary fluid supply channel with regards to opening of the internal flow channel becomes smaller and while connected to the main fluid supply channel, the auxiliary fluid supply channel is connected to the return flow channel.

Abstract: A casing with housing space for retaining a first gear and a second gear in a condition where the tooth tips and both side surfaces slide, comprises a main casing which retains the first gear in a manner which allows rotation but restricts movement in the axial direction, and a gear holder which can move in the rotating shaft direction in the main casing and which rotatably retains the second gear. The main casing contains a biasing member which applies a biasing force to bias the gear holder to one side in the rotating shaft direction, and a piston which is acted on by hydraulic pressure and presses the gear holder on the other end side in the rotating shaft direction to counteract the biasing force. The gear holder is acted on by the hydraulic force from the piston to counteract the bias from the biasing member and moves in the rotating shaft direction according to the hydraulic force so that the engagement width between the first gear and the second gear which is retained by the gear holder is changed.

Abstract: Even when a temperature is lowered, a temperature of a fuel cell is raised, thereby improving the availability. In a fuel cell 1311, a combustion unit 1303 is provided in contact with a unit cell structure 101. In addition, a fuel tank 1309 is provided in contact with a fuel electrode 102 constituting the unit cell structure 101 and supplies a fuel 124 to the fuel electrode 102 directly. A part of the fuel 124 is supplied to the combustion unit 1303 from an combustion fuel discharging exit 1315 provided in the fuel tank 1309 via a combustion fuel supply pipe 1313.

Abstract: A fuel cell (100) is mounted with a fuel cartridge (1220) in a detachable manner. The fuel cartridge (1220) is provided with a connecting part (1225) and the fuel cell (100) is provided with a fitting part (1205) into which the connecting part (1225) is fitted. The fuel cell (100) identifies the fitted fuel cartridge (1220).

Abstract: Fuel cartridge 1501 has a double structure including case 1502 and inner container 1503 stored with liquid fuel 124. Case 1502 is made of a resin that is impact-resistant. Inner container 1503 is made of a resin resistant to liquid fuel.

Abstract: Wall portion 1372 of fuel cartridge 1361 is provided with fuel outlet port 1363 for feeding liquid fuel 124 to fuel cell main body 100 and has an opening for fuel introduction. Detachable fuel injection part 1365 is fitted into the opening for fuel introduction. Fuel injection part 136 of fuel cartridge 1361, after use, is removed from wall portion 1372, and fuel cartridge 1361 is refilled with liquid fuel 124 through the opening for reuse.

Abstract: The operability of a fuel cell which uses a fuel cartridge housing a liquid fuel is improved. A fuel cartridge 1400 houses a liquid fuel 124. The fuel cartridge 1400 includes a gas-liquid separation film 1408 which divides a fuel housing section 1402 into a liquid housing chamber 1402a and a gas housing chamber 1402b. A fuel gas, which is the vaporized liquid fuel, is housed in the gas housing chamber 1402b. A gas exhaust pipe 1410 is connected to the gas housing chamber 1402b, and the fuel gas housed in the gas housing chamber 1402b is discharged to outside the fuel cartridge 1400 via a gas discharge port 1414.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell main body which has a solid polymer electrolytic membrane, a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode attached to the solid electrolyte membrane; a fuel storage unit which stores liquid fuel; a polymer membrane having a proton conductivity and provided in the fuel storage unit; a concentration detection unit (a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal) which detects the alcohol concentration of the liquid fuel in the fuel storage unit based on the alteration of the proton conductivity of said polymer membrane; and a concentration measurement unit.

Abstract: A composition for use in compression refrigeration comprising (A) a refrigerant containing a C1-C8 hydrocarbon as the principal ingredient, and (B) a lubrication base oil primarily formed of a hydrocarbon compound whose non-aromatic-group unsaturation degree is not more than 10% and whose kinematic viscosity is not less than 5 mm2/s or (C) a lubrication base oil whose primary component is a specified polyalkylene glycol derivative having a kinematic viscosity of 5-200 mm2/s at 100° C.; and a method for lubricating compression refrigerators making use of the composition. The composition and the method of the invention achieve improved antiabrasion and stable operation due to efficient lubrication, and as a result, enhanced lubrication performance and sealing effect, as well as improved refrigeration performance can be attained.

Abstract: A composition for use in compression refrigeration comprising (A) a refrigerant containing a C1-C8 hydrocarbon as the principal ingredient, and (B) a lubrication base oil primarily formed of a hydrocarbon compound whose non-aromatic-group unsaturation degree is not more than 10% and whose kinematic viscosity is not less than 5 mm2/s or (C) a lubrication base oil whose primary component is a specified polyalkylene glycol derivative having a kinematic viscosity of 5-200 mm2/s at 100°°C.; and a method for lubricating compression refrigerators making use of the composition. The composition and the method of the invention achieve improved antiabrasion and stable operation due to efficient lubrication, and as a result, enhanced lubrication performance and sealing effect, as well as improved refrigeration performance can be attained.

Abstract: A lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators using a refrigerant containing pentafluoroethane which lubricating oil comprises a polyvinyl ether compound having (a) a constituting unit represented by general formula (I): or a polyvinyl ether compound having constituting unit (a) and (b) a constituting unit represented by general formula (I′): (wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group which has 1 to 3 carbon atoms and may have ether bond in the group, and R′ represents a hydrocarbon group which has 3 to 20 carbon atoms and may have ether bond in the group) as the main component. The above lubricating oil shows excellent compatibility with hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants containing pentafluoroethane which can replace chlorofluorocarbons causing environmental pollution, has a high volume intrinsic resistance, and exhibits excellent stability and lubricating property.

Abstract: A composition for use in compression refrigeration comprising (A) a refrigerant containing a C1-C8 hydrocarbon as the principal ingredient, and (B) a lubrication base oil primarily formed of a hydrocarbon compound whose non-aromatic-group unsaturation degree is not more than 10% and whose kinematic viscosity is not less than 5 mm2/s or (C) a lubrication base oil whose primary component is a specified polyalkylene glycol derivative having a kinematic viscosity of 5-200 mm2/s at 100° C.; and a method for lubricating compression refrigerators making use of the composition. The composition and the method of the invention achieve improved antiabrasion and stable operation due to efficient lubrication, and as a result, enhanced lubrication performance and sealing effect, as well as improved refrigeration performance can be attained.