Abstract: A composite bearing member 10 includes: a bearing sliding material 20 whose surface contacts a rotating portion; a bearing base material 30 made of a material different from a material constituting the bearing sliding material 20; and a joining layer 40 joining the bearing sliding material 20 and the bearing base material 30. Further, the bearing sliding material 20 has a sliding layer 50 sliding the rotating portion on a surface. Furthermore, the bearing sliding material 20 has, between the sliding layer 50 and the joining layer 40, a composition graded layer 60 which dispersedly contains the same metal material as a metal material constituting the joining layer 40 and in which a content of the metal material is increased toward the joining layer 40.

Abstract: A sliding material sliding material includes: a sliding plane member; a base member made of a material different from that of the sliding plane member; an intermediate member provided between the sliding plane member and the base member and formed with a plurality of spaces; and a joining member for bonding the intermediate member to the base member, in which a portion of the space formed to the intermediate member is impregnated with a portion of the sliding plane member so that the sliding plane member is bonded to the intermediate member, and a residual portion of the space of the intermediate member is impregnated with a portion of the joining member so that the base member is bonded to the intermediate member with the joining member therebetween.

Abstract: A sliding material includes a sliding surface member, a base member made of a material different from the sliding surface member, a bonding material layer disposed between the sliding surface member and the base member so as to bond the sliding surface member and the base member, and a sheet member made of an electromagnetic induction heating material. The sliding material is manufactured by bonding the sliding surface member and the base member by heating and melting the bonding material layer through electromagnetic induction heating of the sheet member.

Abstract: A composite bearing member 10 includes: a bearing sliding material 20 whose surface contacts a rotating portion; a bearing base material 30 made of a material different from a material constituting the bearing sliding material 20; and a joining layer 40 joining the bearing sliding material 20 and the bearing base material 30. Further, the bearing sliding material 20 has a sliding layer 50 sliding the rotating portion on a surface. Furthermore, the bearing sliding material 20 has, between the sliding layer 50 and the joining layer 40, a composition graded layer 60 which dispersedly contains the same metal material as a metal material constituting the joining layer 40 and in which a content of the metal material is increased toward the joining layer 40.

Abstract: A sliding material sliding material includes: a sliding plane member; a base member made of a material different from that of the sliding plane member; an intermediate member provided between the sliding plane member and the base member and formed with a plurality of spaces; and a joining member for bonding the intermediate member to the base member, in which a portion of the space formed to the intermediate member is impregnated with a portion of the sliding plane member so that the sliding plane member is bonded to the intermediate member, and a residual portion of the space of the intermediate member is impregnated with a portion of the joining member so that the base member is bonded to the intermediate member with the joining member therebetween.

Abstract: A unit-type copying machine comprising an upper unit having an optical system for exposing a document to light by scanning, and a lower unit provided independently of the upper unit and having a photoconductive drum to be exposed to an image of the document projected thereon from the optical system. The upper and lower units are provided with connecting portions for detachably connecting the two units together and positioning portions for positioning the optical path of projection of the document image from the optical system in coincidence with an exposure station for the drum. The upper or lower unit is usable with selected one of different types of lower units or of different types of upper units in a suitable combination.

Abstract: An automatic exposure device wherein the quantity of light from an exposure lamp is detected by lamp light quantity detecting means, while the reflected light from a region of a document located forwardly of a region of the document being exposed is received by density detecting means, the output signal from said lamp light quantity detecting means being used as an input by reference signal producing means which produces a reference signal, the output signal from said density detecting means and the reference signal being used as inputs by correcting means which corrects the output signal from the density detecting means in accordance with an increase in the quantity of light from the lamp, the output signal from said correcting means being used as an input by lamp control means which controls conducting-angle of the exposure lamp.