Abstract: A method of producing a copper/ceramic bonded body, the copper member having a composition having a Cu purity of 99.96 mass % or more, a balance of inevitable impurities, a P content of 2 mass ppm or less, and a total content of Pb, Se and Te of 10 mass ppm or less, the method includes bonding the laminated copper member and the ceramic member by pressing and heating, wherein an average crystal grain size of the copper member before bonding is 10 ?m or more, an aspect ratio is 2 or less, and a pressing load is 0.05 MPa or more and 1.5 MPa or less, a heating temperature is 800° C. or higher and 850° C. or lower, and a holding time at the heating temperature is 10 minutes or longer and 90 minutes or shorter.

Abstract: A control device includes first and second input terminals to which a DC voltage for driving a motor is input, and a control unit. The control unit sets a rotation direction of the motor based on first input to the first input terminal or the second input terminal. A rotation speed of the motor is changed based on a subsequence input of the DC voltage.

Abstract: A dynamo-electric machine in one embodiment of the present invention includes a tubular stator, a rotor disposed in an internal space of the stator, a bottomed tubular case that accommodates the stator, an end cover mounted on an open end of the case on one side, and a temperature sensor. The stator includes a stator core having a plurality of protruding portions that protrude toward a center of the stator, insulators mounted on the stator core, and a coil obtained by winding a winding wire around each of the plurality of protruding portions with the insulators therebetween. The temperature sensor is disposed on the end cover side of the stator between bent portions of the winding wires in the adjacent coils.

Abstract: A dynamo-electric machine includes a stator, a rotor disposed in the stator, a bottomed tubular case that accommodates the stator, an end cover mounted on an open end of the case, and a circuit substrate that controls driving of the dynamo-electric machine. The stator includes a core having portions that protrude toward a center of the stator, insulators mounted on the stator core, and a coil wound around each of the protruding portions with the insulators therebetween. The circuit substrate is disposed inward of an outer end of the case and is disposed between the stator and the end cover, and includes a first insulation sheet disposed between the circuit substrate and the stator to insulate the circuit substrate and the coil; and a second insulation sheet disposed between the circuit substrate and the end cover to insulate the circuit substrate and the end cover.

Abstract: A control device includes first and second input terminals to which a DC voltage for driving a motor is input, and a control unit. The control unit sets a rotation direction of the motor based on first input to the first input terminal or the second input terminal. A rotation speed of the motor is changed based on a subsequence input of the DC voltage.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio (A/F) sensor control device includes: an impedance detector detecting an impedance of an A/F sensor; and a pump current controller performing a digital control on a supply of electric current to the A/F sensor. The pump current controller includes a PID calculator calculating an instruction current value according to a difference of two input values, i.e., the difference between a PID control target value and a detection value of an inter-terminal voltage of a Nernst cell; and a protection clamper limiting a supply of electric current to a pump cell based on the instruction current value and the impedance.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio (A/F) sensor control device includes: an impedance detector detecting an impedance of an A/F sensor; and a pump current controller performing a digital control on a supply of electric current to the A/F sensor. The pump current controller includes a PID calculator calculating an instruction current value according to a difference of two input values, i.e., the difference between a PID control target value and a detection value of an inter-terminal voltage of a Nernst cell; and a protection clamper limiting a supply of electric current to a pump cell based on the instruction current value and the impedance.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio sensor control unit connected with an air-fuel ratio sensor including a common terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal includes a common connection terminal connected with the common terminal, a first connection terminal connected with the first terminal, a second connection terminal connected with the second terminal, a voltage control circuit controlling a voltage of the first connection terminal, a resistor connected with the common connection terminal, a voltage sensing circuit sensing a two-end voltage of the resistor, a current applying circuit applying a constant current to the second connection terminal, and a determining unit sensing a change quantity of the two-end voltage by using the voltage sensing circuit and determining whether a disconnection failure of the first connection terminal occurs based on a sensing result of the change quantity.

Abstract: A control apparatus that controls a gas concentration sensor includes a sweep circuit, a current detection resistor, and a calculation portion. The sweep circuit supplies the gas concentration sensor with a sweep current. The calculation portion calculates impedance of the gas concentration sensor. The gas concentration sensor and the current detection resistor are sequentially connected in series along a direction from the sweep circuit to a reference voltage. The sweep circuit has a constant voltage circuit and a reference resistor. An increasing and decreasing tendency of a manufacturing variation of the reference resistor and an increasing and decreasing tendency of a manufacturing variation of the current detection resistor are identical. The calculation portion divides a product of a resistance value of the current detection resistor and a time variation of applied voltage to the gas concentration sensor by a time variation of applied voltage to the current detection resistor.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio sensor control unit connected with an air-fuel ratio sensor including a common terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal includes a common connection terminal connected with the common terminal, a first connection terminal connected with the first terminal, a second connection terminal connected with the second terminal, a voltage control circuit controlling a voltage of the first connection terminal, a resistor connected with the common connection terminal, a voltage sensing circuit sensing a two-end voltage of the resistor, a current applying circuit applying a constant current to the second connection terminal, and a determining unit sensing a change quantity of the two-end voltage by using the voltage sensing circuit and determining whether a disconnection failure of the first connection terminal occurs based on a sensing result of the change quantity.

Abstract: A load driving device includes a driving switching element, an interrupting part, a short-circuiting switching element, and a protecting element. The driving switching element drives a load by controlling energization to the load. The interrupting part is disposed on an energizing path to the load. The interrupting part is not melted by a driving current to the load and is melted by an interrupting current larger than the driving current so as to interrupt energization to the load. The short-circuiting switching element is connected in parallel with the load and applies the interrupting current to the interrupting part. The protecting element protects the short-circuiting switching element.

Abstract: A control apparatus that controls a gas concentration sensor includes a sweep circuit, a current detection resistor, and a calculation portion. The sweep circuit supplies the gas concentration sensor with a sweep current. The calculation portion calculates impedance of the gas concentration sensor. The gas concentration sensor and the current detection resistor are sequentially connected in series along a direction from the sweep circuit to a reference voltage. The sweep circuit has a constant voltage circuit and a reference resistor. An increasing and decreasing tendency of a manufacturing variation of the reference resistor and an increasing and decreasing tendency of a manufacturing variation of the current detection resistor are identical. The calculation portion divides a product of a resistance value of the current detection resistor and a time variation of applied voltage to the gas concentration sensor by a time variation of applied voltage to the current detection resistor.

Abstract: A load driving device includes a driving switching element, an interrupting part, a short-circuiting switching element, and a protecting element. The driving switching element drives a load by controlling energization to the load. The interrupting part is disposed on an energizing path to the load. The interrupting part is not melted by a driving current to the load and is melted by an interrupting current larger than the driving current so as to interrupt energization to the load. The short-circuiting switching element is connected in parallel with the load and applies the interrupting current to the interrupting part. The protecting element protects the short-circuiting switching element.