Abstract: The magnetic pole position of the rotor is estimated with high accuracy at the initial start of a three-phase motor of the sensorless system. Semiconductor device for driving and controlling the three-phase motor of the sensorless system have a detector connected to the three-phase output nodes of the inverter circuit and the virtual neutral point (or neutral point), and detecting a voltage generated in the output node of the non-energized phase of the three-phase. Controller applies the initial drive voltage by the inverter circuit to any two phases of the three-phase motor based on the estimated position of the magnetic pole of the rotor in the stop state. Controller estimates the position of the rotor based on a difference voltage detected by the detector in a driving voltage applying period and a regeneration period immediately after or immediately before the driving voltage applying period.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to reduce noise or vibration occurring in an exhaust gas mixer, and provided with: a mixer main body that has a hollow part extending in an axial direction; an inner pipe part that is provided in the hollow part along the axial direction; a gas introduction part that is provided to the mixer main body, and introduces mixing target gas into a space to spiral the mixing target gas; and a gas lead-out part that is provided in the inner pipe part to lead out the mixing target gas, wherein a central axis of the inner pipe part and a central axis of the hollow part are provided in mutually different positions.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to reduce noise or vibration occurring in an exhaust gas mixer, and provided with: a mixer main body that has a hollow part extending in an axial direction; an inner pipe part that is provided in the hollow part along the axial direction; a gas introduction part that is provided to the mixer main body, and introduces mixing target gas into a space to spiral the mixing target gas; and a gas lead-out part that is provided in the inner pipe part to lead out the mixing target gas, wherein a central axis of the inner pipe part and a central axis of the hollow part are provided in mutually different positions.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sampling device is provided. An exhaust gas sampling tube for sampling part of the exhaust gas is connected to an exhaust tube in which the exhaust from a source of the exhaust gas flows, and a downstream side of the exhaust gas sampling tube is connected to a dilution tunnel. The device further includes a temperature control mechanism. A temperature of the exhaust gas sampling tube is controlled with the temperature control mechanism based on a temperature of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust tube.

Abstract: A fluid mixing apparatus includes a pipe in which fluid flows, an injection section for injecting an injection gas into the fluid and a supplying section for supplying the injection gas to the injection section. The apparatus further includes at least one element downstream of the injection section and/or an injection tube in the injection section to uniformly distribute and/or inject the injection gas into the fluid.

Abstract: An exhaust gas sampling device is provided. An exhaust gas sampling tube for sampling part of the exhaust gas is connected to an exhaust tube in which the exhaust from a source of the exhaust gas flows, and a downstream side of the exhaust gas sampling tube is connected to a dilution tunnel. The device further includes a temperature control mechanism. A temperature of the exhaust gas sampling tube is controlled with the temperature control mechanism based on a temperature of the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust tube.

Abstract: A sampling device for a gas analyzer in which a constant-rate flow of diluted sample gas is sampled by a constant-volume sampling device. A gas inlet port of a sampling passage of the constant-volume sampling device is positioned in a throat portion of a main venturi tube, or slightly upstream or downstream of the throat portion. A cold trap is provided downstream of the sampling passage to collect and supply a portion of the sampled gas to be analyzed. A capillary is provided upstream of the cold trap so that a flow rate can be set by the differential upstream and downstream pressures. The velocity of the diluted sample gas in the throat portion of the main venturi tube is approximately Mach one, so that the sampling thereof is unaffected by pressure or flow-rate changes elsewhere in the system.

Abstract: The present invention enables the dissipation of thermal energy from a gas chromatography chamber containing a gas chromatography sample by providing the housing in two parts so that ambient air can be bled in during a creation of thermal energy with a heater and additional ambient air can be circulated in a cooling cycle. Additionally, a heat exchanger for receiving liquid nitrogen can also be included to increase the speed in which thermal energy can be dissipated.

Abstract: A sampling device for a gas analyzer in which a constant-rate flow of diluted sample gas is sampled by a constant-volume sampling device. A gas inlet port of a sampling passage of the constant-volume sampling device is positioned in a throat portion of a main venturi tube, or slightly upstream or downstream of the throat portion. A cold trap is provided downstream of the sampling passage to collect and supply a portion of the sampled gas to be analyzed. The velocity of the diluted sample gas in the throat portion of the main venturi tube is approximately Mach one, so that the sampling thereof is unaffected by pressure or flow-rate changes elsewhere in the system.