Abstract: A process for producing a substance KF-1040A represented by formula (I), and another substance KF-1040B represented by formula (II), which comprises culturing microorganisms capable of producing the substances KF-1040A and KF-1040B, thus accumulating these KF-1040A and/or KF-1040B in the liquid culture and harvesting the same from the culture. Because of the activities of inhibiting diacyloglycerol transferase and sphingomyelinase, the above substances are useful in preventing and treating arteriosclerosis, obesity, thrombus, inflammation and immune function-related diseases.

Abstract: A method of producing an N-demethyl-N-isopropyl-8,9-anhydroerythromycin A-6,9-hemiacetal or a salt thereof, characterized in that an N-demethylerythromycin A or a salt thereof is reacted with an isopropylating agent and subsequently treated under acidic conditions, and a method of producing a substantially pure crystal of an 8,9-anhydroerythromycin A-6,9-hemiacetal derivative represented formula (VI): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, whether identical or not, represent an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl group; one of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represents hydrogen and the other represents a hydroxyl group, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 bind together to represent O.dbd.; R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a hydroxyl group that may be substituted for; R.sup.

Abstract: Novel lactacystin derivatives other than lactacystin per se, with superior activity for the genesis of neurites and highly selective toxicity and low cytotoxicity as compared with known lactacystin have been prepared, of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is lower alkoxy, --S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sup.1 or --S--(CH.sub.2) .sub.n --CH(R.sup.2)-(R.sup.3), in which R.sup.1 is branched or straight-chain lower alkyl, hydroxy, carboxyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, optionally substituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted amino or pyridyl, R.sup.2 is substituted or unsubstituted amino, lower alkyl or amino acid residue, R.sup.3 is carboxyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkenyloxycarbonyl or amino acid residue, and n is 0-4, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A FO-1289 substance of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or acyl. A process for the production thereof comprises culturing the novel microorganism Aspergillus sp. FO-1289 FERM BP-4242 in a nutrient medium, accumulating the FO-1289 substance thus produced in the medium, and isolating the FO-1289 substance therefrom. Particular species of the FO-1289 substance comprise FO-1289A, in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are acetyl and R.sub.4 is hydrogen; FO-1289B, wherein R.sub.1 is propionyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are acetyl and R.sub.4 is hydrogen; FO-1289C, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are acetyl, R.sub.2 is propionyl and R.sub.4 is hydrogen; and FO-1289D, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are acetyl, R.sub.3 is propionyl and R.sub.4 is hydrogen.

Abstract: Bioactive substances K93-0711 I-1 and I-2 having inhibitory action on IL-6 activity, are produced by culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces in a medium, whereby the bioactive substances K93-0711 I-1 and I-2 accumulate in the medium. These bioactive substances K93-0711 I-1 and I-2 are then isolated therefrom. The substances are effective for treatment of IL-6-involving diseases such as cancer cachexia, multiple myeloma and rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: A novel calpain inhibitory active and low molecular weight substance, cystamidin A and its production are provided. Cystamidin A of the following formula ##STR1## was produced by culturing Streptomyces sp. KP-1241 FERM BP-41 71 in a nutrient medium and isolating the active substance from the cultured mass.

Abstract: A microorganism for selective production of a specific compound of avermectin having one or more of the following properties:specific accumulation of avermectin compound "a",effective incorporation of isoleucine or its keto acid (3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid) into avermectin molecule, andmarkedly suppressed incorporation of valine or its keto acid (2-oxoisovaleric acid) into avermectin molecule.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel erythromycin derivatives, or salts thereof, represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## and processes for preparing the same. The erythromycin derivatives described above have an excellent effect of stimulating the gastrointestinal contractile motion and have low toxicity, and the preparations containing these compounds can be advantageously used as digestive tract contractile motion stimulants.

Abstract: Disclosed are digestive tract contractile motion stimulants containing compounds, or salts thereof, represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## The compounds described above have an excellent effect of stimulating the gastrointestinal contractile motion, and the preparation of the present invention containing these compounds can be advantageously used as digestive tract contractile motion stimulants.

Abstract: A growth promoting composition for animals containing an erythromycin derivative wherein a dimethylamino radical of the 3'-position is converted into a primary amino radical, a secondary amino radical, a tertiary amino radical other than the dimethyl amino radical, or a quaternary ammonio radical.This composition does not exhibit the antimicrobial activity at all or show the extremely decreased antimicrobial activity, and has the excellent effect to improve the feed efficiency of domestic animals.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a novel cervinomycin derivative represented by formula ##STR1## wherein ring B represents ##STR2## at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents an acyl group or an alkyl group and the others represent a hydrogen atom; and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and a process for producing said derivatives. The present derivative is free from the problems of the conventional cervinomycin, i.e., the low solubility in various solvents, high toxicity, and low activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for inducing contractile motility of the gastrointestinal tract in humans and animals, comprising as active ingredient 8,9-anhydroerythromycin 6,9-hemiketals, anhydroerythromycins, derivatives thereof and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The active compounds may be produced by chemical modification of erythromycin and exhibit no or little antimicrobial activity. By administering the present composition to humans and animals, contractile motility of the gastrointestinal tract similar to the motility occurring naturally under normal conditions may be effectively induced.

Abstract: An antibiotic AM-5344-A.sub.2 substance, and a process for the preparation of the antibiotic AM-5344-A.sub.2 substance are described. The antibiotic AM-5344-A.sub.2 substance is prepared by cultivating an AM-5344-A.sub.2 substance-producing strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces, for example, Streptomyces sp. Am-5344 in a nutrient medium, and recovering the Am-5344-A.sub.2 substance from the culture.

Abstract: An antibiotic substance designated as AM-2604-A is described, and is obtained by cultivating an antibiotic AM-2604-A substance-producing strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces in a nutrient medium and recovering the desired substance from the culture broth.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof, exhibits herbicidal activity against many herbaceous and woody plants. The compound may be formulated for agricultural use in conventional manner.The compound may be made by fermentation of a suitable strain of a microorganism of the genus Kitasatosporia, especially the novel strain Actinomycetes KA-338 (FERM BP-358).

Abstract: Macrolides PTL-448 A and B, which can be prepared by aerobic cultivation of Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC 15154 in the presence of a macrolide intermediate selected from protylonlide, 5-O-mycaminosylprotylonolide, 20-hydroxy-5-O-mycaminosylprotylonolide and 20-oxo-5-O-mycaminosylprotylonodide, and macrolides PTL-448 C and D, which can be prepared by acidic hydrolysis of PTL-448 A and B are useful antibiotics.

Abstract: 11-Thioether and certain C-20 acetal and thioacetal derivatives of tylosin and demycarosyltylosin are effective antibacterial agents. Processes for preparing, formulations containing, and methods of treating bacterial infections with these derivatives are provided.

Abstract: 3, 3", 4"-Tri-O-acylspiramycin I represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different groups, and at least one of the groups is a straight or branched chain alkylcarbonyl group represented by --COC.sub.m H.sub.2m+1 wherein m is an integer of 2-4 and the other group(s) are straight or branched chain alkylcarbonyl group(s) represented by --COC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 wherein n is an integer of 1-4, and its pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts.

Abstract: A novel antiviral antibiotic AM-2722 is described represented by the molecular formula C.sub.19 H.sub.26 NO.sub.3 Cl, and having the following physicochemical properties:(1) specific rotary power: [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 -0.5 (C-1, chloroform);(2) the UV spectrum shown in FIG. 1; and(3) the IR spectrum shown in FIG. 2.Also described is a process for producing the antiviral antibiotic AM-2722, wherein a microorganism of Streptomyces which has the ability to produce the antibiotic AM-2722 is cultured aerobically in a nutrient medium and the antibiotic AM-2722 accumulated in the medium and the microorganism cells is recovered.

Abstract: An antibiotic substance designated as AM-2604-A is described, and is obtained by cultivating an antibiotic AM-2604-A substance-producing strain belonging to the genus Streptomyces in a nutrient medium and recovering the desired substance from the culture broth.