Abstract: Manufacturing a steel sheet for a steel belt includes hot rolling a steel slab containing, in mass %, 0.60 to 0.80% of C, 1.0% or less of Si, 0.10 to 1.0% of Mn, 0.020% or less P, 0.010% or less S, 0.1 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.5% of V, 0 to 0.1% of Ti, 0 to 0.1% of Nb, and 0 to 0.01% of B, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, under a finish hot rolling temperature of 800 to 900° C. An average cooling rate from finish rolling to coiling is 20° C. per second or more. A coiling temperature is 450 to 650° C. The hot-rolled slab is cold rolled with a total rolling reduction ratio of 40% or more and a reduction ratio per one pass of less than 12%, without performing a heat treatment. The cold-rolled slab is aged at 200 to 500° C. for 0.5 to 30 hours.

Abstract: Manufacturing a steel sheet for a steel belt includes hot rolling a steel slab containing, in mass %, 0.60 to 0.80% of C, 1.0% or less of Si, 0.10 to 1.0% of Mn, 0.020% or less P, 0.010% or less S, 0.1 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.5% of V, 0 to 0.1% of Ti, 0 to 0.1% of Nb, and 0 to 0.01% of B, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, under a finish hot rolling temperature of 800 to 900° C. An average cooling rate from finish rolling to coiling is 20° C. per second or more. A coiling temperature is 450 to 650° C. The hot-rolled slab is cold rolled with a total rolling reduction ratio of 40% or more and a reduction ratio per one pass of less than 12%, without performing a heat treatment. The cold-rolled slab is aged at 200 to 500° C. for 0.5 to 30 hours.

Abstract: A method of making a cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate, having a steel slab having the chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following: formula (1) and at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following formula (2), with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel slab is heated to 1200° C. or more and hot rolled to form a hot-rolled steel plate, which is wound from 550 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil, and the hot-rolled coil is cold rolled or annealed and cold rolled, obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 350 HV.

Abstract: A separator plate for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm. The plate is formed by heating, hot rolling, winding and forming.

Abstract: A clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch having favorable fatigue strength is provided. A separator plate (1) for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance, favorable antiwear performance, and favorable punching performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following relationship: 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. The chemical composition further contains, on the basis of percent by mass, at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following relationship: 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. An average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm. A second phase structure having a longitudinal diameter of 5 ?m or more has an area fraction of 5% or less in a cross-sectional structure.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance and favorable antiwear performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: A separator plate for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm. The plate is formed by heating, hot rolling, winding and forming.

Abstract: A method of making a cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5 *C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate, having a steel slab having the chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following: formula (1) and at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following formula (2), with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel slab is heated to 1200° C. or more and hot rolled to form a hot-rolled steel plate, which is wound from 550 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil, and the hot-rolled coil is cold rolled or annealed and cold rolled, obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 350 HV.

Abstract: Manufacturing a steel sheet for a steel belt includes hot rolling a steel slab containing, in mass %, 0.60 to 0.80% of C, 1.0% or less of Si, 0.10 to 1.0% of Mn, 0.020% or less P, 0.010% or less S, 0.1 to 1.0% of Cr, 0 to 0.5% of V, 0 to 0.1% of Ti, 0 to 0.1% of Nb, and 0 to 0.01% of B, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, under a finish hot rolling temperature of 800 to 900° C. An average cooling rate from finish rolling to coiling is 20° C. per second or more. A coiling temperature is 450 to 650° C. The hot-rolled slab is cold rolled with a total rolling reduction ratio of 40% or more and a reduction ratio per one pass of less than 12%, without performing a heat treatment. The cold-rolled slab is aged at 200 to 500° C. for 0.5 to 30 hours.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance and favorable antiwear performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0/%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: A clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch having favorable fatigue strength is provided. A separator plate (1) for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance, favorable antiwear performance, and favorable punching performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following relationship: 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Ai %<1. The chemical composition further contains, on the basis of percent by mass, at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following relationship: 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. An average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm. A second phase structure having a longitudinal diameter of 5 ?m or more has an area fraction of 5% or less in a cross-sectional structure.

Abstract: A steel plate for band-shaped die-cutting blades has a base part to a depth of more than 200 ?m from the steel plate surface and a chemical composition containing 0.40 to 0.80 mass % C and 0.10 to 0.50 mass % Nb. A spherical carbide constituted of cementite is present in the bainite or tempered martensite structure of the blade in an amount of 1.0 vol % or more. A Nb-containing carbide having an equivalent-circle diameter of 0.5 ?m or more is present at an existential density of 10.0 or more grains per 900 ?m2. The base part has a controlled hardness of from 300 to 450 HV. The surface layer part has a decarburized surface layer of ferrite single-phase and a thickness of 5 ?m or more. In a 15-?m-thick surface layer region, the existential density of the Nb-containing carbide is from 0 to 5.0 grains per 900 ?m2.

Abstract: A copying and printing apparatus comprising an integral combination of an electronic copying device and a printing device in which, in the print mode, the image of an original is copied on a master sheet in the electronic copying device to be used as a printing master for producing the desired number of prints in the printing device, while in the copy mode, the image of an original is copied on copying sheets to produce the desired number of copies in the electronic copying device. A sheet delivery changeover mechanism is provided between the electronic copying device and the printing device to be selectively placed in the print position and copy position depending on the print mode or copy mode.