Abstract: A particulate material production method is provided. The particulate material production method includes ejecting a particulate material composition liquid, which includes an organic solvent and a particulate material composition including at least a resin and dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent, from at least one nozzle to form droplets of the particulate material composition liquid in a gas phase; and solidifying the droplets of the particulate material composition liquid to prepare particles of the particulate material composition. The droplet solidifying step includes contacting the droplets with a poor solvent for the particulate material composition.

Abstract: The particulate material production method includes vibrating a particulate material composition liquid in a liquid column resonance chamber having at least one nozzle to form a standing wave in the particulate material composition liquid caused by liquid column resonance, so that droplets of the particulate material composition liquid are ejected in a droplet ejection direction from the nozzle so as to fly in a space in a flight direction; feeding a gas in a direction substantially perpendicular to the droplet ejection direction to change the flight direction of the ejected droplets; and solidifying the droplets in the space to produce a particulate material. The particulate material composition liquid includes at least a solvent and a component of the particulate material dissolved or dispersed in the solvent, and the nozzle is located at a location corresponding to an anitnode of the standing wave.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray apparatus including: a target configured to generate an X-ray by collision of electrons or transmission of electrons; a filament configured to release the electrons to the target; a housing that has the filament therein; and a first holding member configured to hold a portion of the target disposed on an outer side of the housing on the outer side of the housing.

Abstract: An error is prevented from being generated at a mounting position of an electronic component on a wiring substrate. A first semiconductor chip has a main surface and a rear surface. The rear surface is an opposite surface of the main surface. The rear surface of the first semiconductor chip is an opposite surface of the main surface thereof. A wiring substrate is rectangular, and has a main surface and a rear surface. The first semiconductor chip is mounted on the main surface of the wiring substrate. A lid covers the main surface of the wiring substrate, and the first semiconductor chip. An electronic component is mounted on the rear surface of the wiring substrate. The main surface of the wiring substrate has uncovered regions that are not covered with the lid at at least two corners facing each other.

Abstract: A particulate material production apparatus is disclosed. The particulate material production apparatus includes a droplet ejector to eject droplets of a particulate material composition liquid or a melted particulate material composition in a droplet ejection direction from nozzles; a solidifying device to solidify the droplets; a first airflow forming device to form a first airflow to feed the ejected droplets to the solidifying device with the first airflow; and a second airflow forming device to form a second airflow to apply the second airflow the droplets before the droplets are fed by the first airflow. The second airflow forming device forms the second airflow by supplying a pressed gas from a slit, and the traveling direction of the first airflow is substantially perpendicular to the droplet ejection direction.

Abstract: A detector (11) of the present invention detects cessation of input to an input form by a user. A generator (12), when input is started again by the user after the user ceased input, acquires an input status of input to the form by the user that was outputted from a monitor that monitors the input status of the input of the information by the user, estimates a cause for input being ceased by the user based on the input status, and then, based on the estimated cause, generates a new input form for which input conditions have been relaxed.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes a binder resin and a release agent. The toner satisfies the following inequation: 0.45?(S1/S2)?1.00 wherein S1 and S2 represent areas of quadrangles circumscribing the release agent and the toner, respectively, in a cross-sectional image of the toner obtained by a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes particles each including a binder resin and a release agent. When the toner is analyzed by a flow particle image analyzer while limiting: 1) a particle diameter analysis range to 1.985 (?m)?equivalent circle diameter (number based)<200.0 (?m); 2) a particle shape analysis range to 0.200?circularity?1.000; and 3) the number of limited particles satisfying the conditions 1) and 2) to from 4,800 to 5,200, an average circularity Rave. satisfies an inequation 0.960?Rave.?0.980, a mode particle diameter ?max satisfies an inequation 4.0 (?m)??max?6.0 (?m), and the number of particles having a particle diameter equal to or less than 0.75 times the mode particle diameter ?max and a circularity equal to or more than 0.980 is 1.0% or less of the number of the limited particles.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes a binder resin and a release agent. The release agent has an average aspect ratio of 31 or more, when the average aspect ratio is determined from cross-sectional images of the toner observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Abstract: Gas cells allow first detection light and second detection light to pass therethrough and rotate the polarization plane of linearly polarized light in accordance with a magnetic field. A first detection section and a second detection section detect the polarization planes of the linearly polarized light that has passed through the gas cells. A third detection section and a fourth detection section detect the polarization planes of the linearly polarized light that has not passed through the gas cells. A measurement section uses detection results from the first detection section and the third detection section to remove influence of optical noise contained in the first detection light, uses detection results from the second detection section and the fourth detection section to remove influence of optical noise contained in the second detection light, and measures the difference in the magnetic field between the gas cells.

Abstract: As light is allowed to impinge from above a microplate M and an imaging unit 13 (a line sensor 131 and an imaging optical system 132), which moves in a scanning motion along the bottom surface of the microplate M, receives transmitted light, images of wells W formed in the microplate M are captured. The scope of imaging by the line sensor 131 is greater than the diameter of at least one well W, or preferably, encompasses a plurality of wells. When the depth of field of the optical system 132 is 0.6 mm or less, the influence of reflection of side walls of the wells upon the images is reduced.

Abstract: An ECU calculates the thermal margins of the in-wheel motors, on the basis of the thermal capacities of the in-wheel motors, the allowable limit temperatures, and the motor temperatures. Next, the ECU distributes the total requested torque between the requested torques for each wheel using the percentages of the thermal margins. The ECU controls the operation of an inverter such that the in-wheel motors generate the requested torques for the wheels. Thus, the four in-wheel motors generate uniform amounts of heat.

Abstract: An information processing system comprises: an accepting unit that accepts identification information for identifying a user of an apparatus; a reading unit that reads an image on a document to output image data; an extracting unit that extracts character string information including a character string in the image and first position information on the character string in the image from the image data; a storage unit that stores therein allocation information in which an item relating to settlement is associated with second position information on the item on the document; an allocating unit that compares the allocation information with the character string information to allocate the item to the character string; and a transmitting unit that transmits settlement information including the character string, the item allocated to the character string, and the identification information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal display panel, a backlight having at least one light-emitting diode, and an LED drive circuit for driving the at least one light-emitting diode. The LED drive circuit includes a constant voltage circuit for controlling a voltage outputted from an output terminal in such a manner that a voltage inputted to a feedback terminal becomes a constant voltage, and means for driving the at least one light-emitting diode connected to the output terminal of the constant voltage circuit by a constant current. The LED drive circuit has at least one diode provided in a feedback path lying between the output terminal of the constant voltage circuit and the feedback terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing fine particles is provided. The apparatus includes a liquid droplet discharge device and a liquid droplet solidification device. The liquid droplet discharge device has multiple nozzles. The liquid droplet discharge device is adapted to discharge a liquid from the multiple nozzles to form the liquid into liquid droplets. The liquid comprises a solvent in which constituents of the fine particles are dissolved or dispersed or a melt of constituents of the fine particles. The liquid droplet solidification device is adapted to solidify the liquid droplets by an airflow. The multiple nozzles are arranged in a manner such that each of the nozzles does not overlap each other relative to a direction of the airflow.

Abstract: A method for producing fine particles, including: discharging a fine particle material liquid, where solid materials to be formed into fine particles are dissolved or dispersed in a solvent or are melted, from two or more discharge holes in a downward vertical direction, to thereby form liquid droplets; and solidifying the liquid droplets discharged to form fine particles, wherein in the discharging a fine particle material liquid, gas flow is supplied at angle of greater than 0° but 90° or smaller to the downward vertical direction, and wherein an initial discharge velocity of the liquid droplets discharged from the discharge hole located at an upstream side of the gas flow in a flowing direction thereof is equal to or higher than an initial discharge velocity of the liquid droplets discharged from the discharge hole located at a downstream side of the gas flow in the flowing direction thereof.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a simulator configured to simulate a process to be executed by an apparatus based on an operation procedure defined in first definition information, and one or more status changers each configured to detect arrival of a time specified in second definition information by monitoring an event generated based on the simulated process, and to change a status of the simulator to a status specified in the second definition information based on the detected time. In the information processing apparatus, the simulator simulates a process to be executed by the apparatus in accordance with a request from a program to cause the apparatus to execute the process in the status changed by the status changer.

Abstract: To provide a chain tension adjustment device for a chain saw. When a first mechanism is rotated around an axis, a bevel gear of a second mechanism is engaged with a bevel gear of the first mechanism and rotated, and a bevel gear of a third mechanism is engaged with the other bevel gear of the second mechanism, so that a shaft portion is rotated. A plate portion integrated with a nut portion of a fourth mechanism screwed on a screw formed on the shaft portion moves in an axial direction, and a guide bar engaged with an engagement portion of the plate portion via an engagement hole moves in a longitudinal direction, to adjust tension of the chain saw by adjusting the movement amount. Thus, fine adjustment can be performed while reducing an operating force, and reducing the weight and the cost.

Abstract: An error is prevented from being generated at a mounting position of an electronic component on a wiring substrate. A first semiconductor chip has a main surface and a rear surface. The rear surface is an opposite surface of the main surface. The rear surface of the first semiconductor chip is an opposite surface of the main surface thereof. A wiring substrate is rectangular, and has a main surface and a rear surface. The first semiconductor chip is mounted on the main surface of the wiring substrate. A lid covers the main surface of the wiring substrate, and the first semiconductor chip. An electronic component is mounted on the rear surface of the wiring substrate. The main surface of the wiring substrate has uncovered regions that are not covered with the lid at at least two corners facing each other.

Abstract: An information calculation method includes: calculating liquid information regarding a liquid on an object, which faces an optical member that emits exposure light, when moving the object; and calculating region information indicating a region, in which the liquid information satisfies predetermined conditions, on the object.