Abstract: Input image data define an input image set that shows a graphical feature and editing marks indicating an editing operation to be performed on the graphical feature. The input image data are used to obtain operation category data indicating whether the editing operation would translate the graphical feature so that it is centered at a different position within the input image set. The operation category data are used to obtain output image data defining an output image that includes an edited version of the input image set. The output image shows the graphical feature centered at a different position only if the operation category data so indicate. The input image set can include an original image showing the graphical feature and an overlay image showing the editing marks. The editing marks can form a node-link structure with the graphical feature.

Abstract: Image data define an image that shows an input graphical representation whose configuration represents information. The image can show a sketch, for example. The image data are used to obtain category data indicating a category of graphical representations. For example, the category data could indicate any of X-Y graph, directed graph, undirected graph, bar graph, pie chart, line graph, scatter plot, circuit diagram, flow chart, Venn diagram, state-transition diagram, tree, table, matrix, or array. The category data could also indicate a specific category within a generic category such as bar graph or pie chart. The category data can be obtained by determining whether the graphical representation satisfies a constraint on each category.

Abstract: To group items in an array, gap data are obtained indicating gaps between items. The gap data are used to obtain threshold data, which are then used to obtain grouping data. The gaps could, for example, be distances between items in a two-dimensional array or differences between values at which items occur in a one-dimensional array. The threshold data indicate a threshold. The threshold would produce a number of groups of the items that is stable across a range of thresholds, and the range of thresholds meets a criterion for largeness of a range. The criterion can require, for example, that the range be larger than the stable range of thresholds of any other number in a set of numbers of groups. The threshold can be obtained iteratively by applying a candidate threshold for each iteration. The candidate thresholds can be incremented, and the iterations can be counted to find a number of groups meeting the criterion.

Abstract: Input image data define an input image set that shows a node-link structure, such as a directed graph, an undirected graph, a tree, a flow chart, a circuit diagram, or a state-transition diagram. The input image set can include one image showing the node-link structure or two images, one showing graphical features that are a subset of the nodes and the other an image of an overlay with editing marks that include the links and another subset of the nodes. The input image data are used to obtain likely node-link data indicating parts of the input image set that satisfy a constraint on nodes and parts that satisfy a constraint on links. The likely node-link data are used to obtain constrained node-link data indicating subsets of the likely nodes and links that satisfy a constraint on node-link structures. The likely node-link data can include data defining a likely node image showing parts that meet a node criterion and data defining a likely link image showing parts that meet a link criterion.

Abstract: Input image data define an input image that shows a proportioned parts graph, such as a pie chart or a whole or segmented bar graph. The input image data are used to obtain segmented feature data indicating a feature in the input image that satisfies a constraint on segments. The segmented feature data are used to obtain proportion data indicating each segment's proportion. Various criteria could be applied to find parts of the input image that form the feature. For example, for some pie charts, the segments constraint could include a circularity criterion, a center criterion, and a direction criterion, and proportions could be obtained from directions. For other pie charts, the segments constraint could include a distinct regions criterion and a circularity criterion and proportions could be obtained from directions of region sides.

Abstract: Input image data define an input image set that shows a graphical representation of a layout with two or more segments. The graphical representation can be a sketch, and can include, for example, a rectangular boundary with lines parallel to its sides defining rectangular segments within the boundary. The input image data are used to obtain segment source data indicating a source for each segment and segment position data indicating a position for each segment. The segment source data can indicate, for each segment of the layout, one of a number of source images in the input image set. The segment position data can indicate a reference point and a width and height for each segment.