Abstract: Described herein are reprogrammable systems and methods for controlling the same. The reprogrammable system comprises a first side configured to be reprogrammable in at least a first direction. The first side is formed by a reprogrammable structure having one or more layers stacked in a second direction. An individual layer of the one or more layers has repeating unit cells. A first unit cell of the repeating unit cells has elements. The elements are connected by connecting joints. A first unit cell of the repeating unit cells shares at least one element and/or at least one connecting joint with a second unit cell of the repeating unit cells.

Abstract: A modular expansion joint (e.g., for a bridge) can include an upper expansion support exhibiting a hinge design arranged for pivoting about a vertically extending axis. The upper expansion support underneath may be accompanied by a moisture seal and/or a lower expansion support. The modular expansion joint may include two beams that may be spaced apart by a gap into which the upper expansion support etc. can be received. Each of the two beams can include a top flange defining a top surface and a web extending from the flange. The upper expansion support can be positioned between the top flanges, while the lower expansion support can be positioned between the webs, for example. The upper expansion support may provide a continuation of a travel surface across the beam tops and may accordingly reduce pressure spikes and/or noise from tires moving across the travel surface.