Abstract: The surface layer of an intermediate transfer belt has a concavo-convex pattern formed thereon by spherical resin particles which are independently embedded in the layer so that the embedment rate in the thickness direction of the layer is higher than 50% but lower than 100%.

Abstract: A surface processor processing the surface of a recording medium before a toner image is formed thereon includes a surface reformer to reform the surface of the recording medium a toner image is formed on; and an applicator to apply the surface of the recording medium after reformed with a toner affinity ingredient.

Abstract: A surface processor processing the surface of a recording medium before a toner image is formed thereon includes a surface reformer to reform the surface of the recording medium a toner image is formed on; and an applicator to apply the surface of the recording medium after reformed with a toner affinity ingredient.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt including a base layer, and an elastic layer on the base layer containing spherical particles on a surface thereof and containing an elastic layer ingredient, wherein the elastic layer contains a fatty acid in an amount of 0.001 parts by mass to 0.040 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the elastic layer ingredient.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt for use in an electrophotographic apparatus, including as an outermost surface thereof: uniform convex regions formed by aligning independent spherical resin particles in a surface direction; and depressed regions formed of a lubricant layer which respectively lie between the convex regions.

Abstract: To provide a belt for an image forming apparatus, which contains: a base layer; an elastic layer; and spherical particles, wherein the belt for an image forming apparatus is provided across a plurality of rollers of the image forming apparatus to rotate, wherein the belt for an image forming apparatus has a laminate structure where at least the base layer and the elastic layer are provided in this order, wherein the spherical particles are partially embedded in an exposed surface of the elastic layer, and wherein, relative to a width direction of the belt for an image forming apparatus, a thickness of an edge portion of the belt for an image forming apparatus is 50% to 95% of a thickness of a center portion of the belt for an image forming apparatus, and an edge curling amount of the belt is 4 mm or less.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt, containing a base, an elastic layer formed on the base, and spherical particles deposited on a surface of the elastic layer, in which wherein the elastic layer has micro rubber hardness of 40° or lower in the environment of 10° C. and 15% RH, and the intermediate transfer belt is designed to be mounted in an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt, which contains a base layer, and an elastic layer formed on the base layer, wherein the base layer contains polyimide which has a constitutional unit derived from pyromellitic acid and a constitutional unit derived from diaminodiphenyl ether, wherein the intermediate layer has a curling amount of 1.5 mm or less in an absolute value, and wherein the intermediate transfer belt is configured to receive, by transferring, a toner image formed by developing, with a toner, a latent image formed on an image bearing member.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt including a base layer, and an elastic layer on the base layer containing spherical particles on a surface thereof and containing an elastic layer ingredient, wherein the elastic layer contains a fatty acid in an amount of 0.001 parts by mass to 0.040 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the elastic layer ingredient.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member including a base layer as first layer, an elastic layer as second layer, and a particle layer as third layer and containing fine spherical particles arranged in plane direction thereof where the particle layer has a concavo-convex pattern formed by the fine spherical particles, the elastic layer and the particle layer being formed on the base layer in this order, wherein the intermediate transfer member has a Martens hardness of 1.0 N/mm2 or lower and an elastic recovery rate of 75% or higher when the intermediate transfer member is indented at a load of 40 mN under conditions of 25° C. and 50% RH, wherein an embedment rate of the fine spherical particles in the elastic layer is 33% to 99%, and wherein the intermediate transfer member is configured to receive a toner image formed by developing, with a toner, a latent image on an image bearing member.

Abstract: To provide a belt for an image forming apparatus, which contains: a base layer; an elastic layer; and spherical particles, wherein the belt for an image forming apparatus is provided across a plurality of rollers of the image forming apparatus to rotate, wherein the belt for an image forming apparatus has a laminate structure where at least the base layer and the elastic layer are provided in this order, wherein the spherical particles are partially embedded in an exposed surface of the elastic layer, and wherein, relative to a width direction of the belt for an image forming apparatus, a thickness of an edge portion of the belt for an image forming apparatus is 50% to 95% of a thickness of a center portion of the belt for an image forming apparatus, and an edge curling amount of the belt is 4 mm or less.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt, which contains a base layer, and an elastic layer formed on the base layer, wherein the base layer contains polyimide which has a constitutional unit derived from pyromellitic acid and a constitutional unit derived from diaminodiphenyl ether, wherein the intermediate layer has a curling amount of 1.5 mm or less in an absolute value, and wherein the intermediate transfer belt is configured to receive, by transferring, a toner image formed by developing, with a toner, a latent image formed on an image bearing member.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt, containing a base, an elastic layer formed on the base, and spherical particles deposited on a surface of the elastic layer, in which wherein the elastic layer has micro rubber hardness of 40° or lower in the environment of 10° C. and 15% RH, and the intermediate transfer belt is designed to be mounted in an image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt configured to receive a toner image formed by developing, with a toner, a latent image on an image bearing member, the intermediate transfer belt including a base layer and an elastic layer laid on the base layer, wherein the elastic layer includes spherical resin particles and a layer formed of an elastic body, and has a concavo-convex pattern in a surface of the elastic layer, wherein the spherical resin particles are arranged in a plane direction in the surface of the elastic layer, and wherein the intermediate transfer belt has glossiness of 35% or higher as determined based on reflected light at 85° on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: A cleaning blade for removing fine particles from a cleaning target by contact with the cleaning target, a method of using the cleaning blade, and an image forming apparatus and process cartridge using the cleaning blade. The cleaning blade includes an elastic blade. A leading edge of the elastic blade includes a friction coefficient of 0.5 or less. The cleaning blade also includes a surface layer that covers the leading edge of the elastic blade. A thickness of the surface layer is between 1 to 50 ?m at a position 50 ?m away from the leading edge, and a hardness of the surface layer is greater hardness than the elastic blade.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member including a base layer as first layer, an elastic layer as second layer, and a particle layer as third layer and containing fine spherical particles arranged in plane direction thereof where the particle layer has a concavo-convex pattern formed by the fine spherical particles, the elastic layer and the particle layer being formed on the base layer in this order, wherein the intermediate transfer member has a Martens hardness of 1.0 N/mm2 or lower and an elastic recovery rate of 75% or higher when the intermediate transfer member is indented at a load of 40 mN under conditions of 25° C. and 50% RH, wherein an embedment rate of the fine spherical particles in the elastic layer is 33% to 99%, and wherein the intermediate transfer member is configured to receive a toner image formed by developing, with a toner, a latent image on an image bearing member.

Abstract: To provide an intermediate transfer belt for use in an electrophotographic apparatus, including as an outermost surface thereof: uniform convex regions formed by aligning independent spherical resin particles in a surface direction; and depressed regions formed of a lubricant layer which respectively lie between the convex regions.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer belt including a resin layer, which is a surface layer of the intermediate transfer belt, wherein the resin layer has a concavo-convex pattern formed by spherical resin particles which are independently embedded in the resin layer so that the embedment rate of the spherical resin particles in the thickness direction of the resin layer is higher than 50% but lower than 100%.

Abstract: A cleaning blade for removing fine particles from a cleaning target by contact with the cleaning target is provided. The cleaning blade includes an elastic blade A leading edge of the elastic blade includes a friction coefficient of 0.5 or less. The cleaning blade also includes a surface layer that covers the leading edge of the elastic blade. A thickness of the surface layer is between 1 to 50 ?m at a position 50 ?m away from the leading edge, and a hardness of the surface layer is greater hardness than the elastic blade.