Abstract: A method for manufacturing a battery cell includes coating a three dimensional current collector (3DCC) with a lithiophilic metal oxide layer; and one of laminating the 3DCC with the lithiophilic metal oxide layer between a first lithium metal layer and a second lithium metal layer to create an anode electrode; and coating the 3DCC with the lithiophilic metal oxide layer with molten lithium to create an anode electrode.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating an anode, methods for fabricating a battery, and lithium batteries are disclosed. A method for fabricating an anode includes forming a melt comprising lithium and a surface tension reduction agent, wherein the surface tension reduction agent is selected from the group consisting of silver, tin, gallium, indium, zinc, and combinations thereof; and contacting an anode current collector with the melt, wherein a layer of the melt wets onto the anode current collector to form the anode as a lithium alloy.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anode electrode for a battery cell includes providing a current collector; and forming a layer on the current collector to create a coated current collector. The layer includes one of a metal and a metal oxide that is not miscible in molten lithium. The method includes immersing the coated current collector in molten lithium to coat the coated current collector.

Abstract: A battery cell includes a battery cell stack including A anode electrodes including an anode active material layer arranged adjacent to an anode current collector; C cathode electrodes including a cathode active material layer arranged adjacent to a cathode current collector; and S separators arranged between the A anode electrodes and the C cathode electrodes. The anode active material layer of the A anode electrodes includes a lithium metal layer and a lithium alloy layer comprising an alloy of lithium and a lithiophilic metal.

Abstract: A method is provided for pre-forming anode particles for use in lithium ion batteries. The pre-formed anode particles bear a solid electrolyte of a composition that cannot be formed in situ in the battery. The method includes providing a dispersion of anode precursor particles and an additive not found in the battery in a liquid electrolyte solution. Applying a voltage or current across the dispersion forms the solid electrolyte interphase, on the particles. These particles can be used in an electrode of a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: Lithium ion cells and methods for producing such cells are provided. The lithium ion cells include a lithium metal anode that includes a current collector and a lithium metal layer, a cathode having a lithium intercalation material, and a solid-state electrolyte (SSE) having a lithiophilic layer on a surface of the SSE. The lithiophilic includes a metal oxide. In one example, the lithiophilic layer is formed by depositing a non-aqueous precursor solution on the surface of a solid-state electrolyte (SSE), wherein the precursor solution includes a metallic nitrate, and decomposing the precursor solution to form the lithiophilic layer.

Abstract: Lithium-ion cells and methods for producing such cells are provided. The lithium-ion cells include a lithium metal anode (LMA), a cathode, and an electrolyte between the LMA and the cathode. The LMA includes a current collector and a deformable layer on a surface of the current collector. The deformable layer is lithium-ion conductive and includes a polymeric material. The cathode has a lithium intercalation material. In some examples, lithium metal is plated on the deformable layer during charge of the lithium-ion cell to define a plated lithium layer between the deformable layer and the electrolyte, and a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer forms on the plated lithium layer separating the plated lithium layer from the electrolyte.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a current collector for an electrode of a battery cell includes providing a wire mesh current collector including a plurality of first wires and a plurality of second wires that overlap to form a plurality of mesh joints. A diameter of the plurality of first wires and the plurality of second wires is in a range from 4 ?m to 100 ?m. The method includes coating the wire mesh current collector with a metal coating by immersing the wire mesh current collector in a bath including a metal salt.

Abstract: A battery that cycles lithium ions includes a negative electrode current collector and a lithium metal layer deposited thereon. The negative electrode current collector has a layered structure including a metal substrate and a carbon layer formed in situ on the metal substrate. The negative electrode current collector includes a plurality of perforations extending therethrough. The lithium metal layer is chemically bonded to the carbon layer of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector is manufactured via a method that includes a photolithography process, a pyrolysis process, and a surface functionalization process.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an anode electrode includes providing a stainless steel current collector, forming a metal oxide layer on the stainless steel current collector, and pouring molten lithium over the metal oxide layer of the stainless steel current collector to create a lithium metal layer on the metal oxide layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a battery cell includes connecting a current collector to a working electrode; connecting a zinc metal portion to a counter electrode; immersing the current collector and a portion of the working electrode in a liquid; immersing the zinc metal portion and a portion of the counter electrode in the liquid; supplying molecular oxygen into the liquid; and electrochemically coating the current collector with a zinc oxide layer.

Abstract: A composite electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions may include a metal current collector having a three-dimensional porous structure defining an interconnected network of open pores and an electrode material disposed within the open pores of the current collector. An oxygen-containing reactive layer may be formed on surfaces of the current collector and an electrode precursor mixture may be deposited thereon and dried to form a solid electrode material having a continuous structure within the open pores of the current collector. The electroactive material particles and/or the electrically conductive agent may interact with the oxygen-containing reactive layer on the metal current collector to form an oxygen-containing adhesive layer along an interface between the current collector and the solid electrode material.

Abstract: A method for preparing an electroactive material for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions includes applying a potential to a first assembly that includes a first electrode and an aqueous electrolyte. The aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt and as the potential is applied the lithium salt disassociates forming cations and anions. The first assembly is physically separated from a second assembly by a lithium ion-conducting separator. The second assembly includes a second electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The electroactive material is formed as the cations move from the first assembly through the lithium ion-conducting separator towards the second electrode.

Abstract: A pressing machine includes pressing devices, actuators and a control module. At least one of the pressing devices includes a surface having a fluoropolymer material. At least one of the actuators is configured to adjust pressure of the pressing devices on one or more lithium foils, such that the surface presses against one of the one or more lithium foils to form a protective layer. The control module is configured to control the at least one of the actuators to adjust a parameter to control at least one of thickness of the protective layer and fluoride content of the protective layer.

Abstract: A process for making a hollow electrical coil for an electric motor includes forming a sacrificial insert material into a coil shaped insert. The coil shaped insert is placed into a copper plating bath and a copper plated coil shaped member is removed from the copper plating bath. The sacrificial material is removed from within the copper plated coil shaped member to create a hollow passage through a hollow copper coil shaped member. An exterior of the hollow copper coil shaped member is coated with an insulating adhesive material and the copper coil shaped member is compressed until the insulating adhesive material is set.

Abstract: A process for making a ribbon-shaped hollow thermal conductor includes forming a sacrificial material into an insert including a plurality of parallel strands. Plating the sacrificial insert with copper to form a ribbon-shaped structure and removing the sacrificial material from within the ribbon-shaped structure to create a hollow passage through a ribbon-shaped hollow copper thermal conductor.

Abstract: A method for extracting lithium from lithium-based materials to be recycled using an electrochemical reactor includes applying a voltage to a current collector at least partially disposed in an electrolyte carried by the electrochemical reactor, where the lithium-based materials including lithium to be recovered is disposed in the electrolyte and lithium ions move from the lithium-based material towards the current collector upon application of the voltage. In certain variations, the method may also include, prior to the application of the voltage, applying a current to the current collector.

Abstract: A method for forming an electroactive material includes sourcing a current or voltage to an electrochemical reactor that includes a cation source, an electrolyte mixture, and an electroactive material precursor in contact with one another, where the current or voltage serves to ionize and form cations at the cation source that react with the electroactive material precursor in the electrolyte mixture to form the electroactive material. The method may include one or more filtering steps, one or more rinsing steps, or a combination of one or more filtering steps and one or more rinsing steps to collect the electroactive material from the electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrode assembly that includes a current collector, a lithium foil, and a solid solution interface that chemically binds the current collector and the lithium foil is provided. The solid solution interface includes a portion of the current collector that is impregnated with lithium atoms diffused from the lithium foil. In some variations, a method for forming the electrode assembly includes heating a precursor electrode assembly that includes a current collector and a lithium metal film to a temperature that is less than a melting point of lithium, so that lithium atoms diffuse into the current collector during the heating. In other variations, a method for forming the electrode assembly includes disposing a molten lithium onto a heated current collector to form a precursor electrode assembly, and cooling the assembly to form a lithium metal layer that is chemically bonded to the current collector.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an electroactive material for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The method includes immersing a plurality of electroactive material particles in an aqueous solution and adding one or more fluorinated lithium salts to the aqueous solution to form a protective particle coating on each of the electroactive material particles of the plurality of electroactive material particles, where the plurality of electroactive material particles defines the electroactive material. The protective particle coatings are continuous coatings that cover greater than or equal to about 95% of a total exposed surface area of each electroactive material particle of the plurality of electroactive material particles.