Abstract: Disclosed is a laminate of a polymer film and substrate wherein the polymer film has good heat seal and printing properties. The polymer film is prepared from an isotactic polypropylene or propylene-ethylene copolymer prepared using a metallocene copolymer.

Abstract: Analog-valued floating-gate transistors are used as trimmable circuit components for modifying and/or controlling the gain, phase, offset, frequency response, current consumption, and/or transfer function of signal pathways in parallel and/or serial processing circuits in radio frequency, analog, or mixed-signal integrated circuits.

Abstract: Analog-valued floating-gate transistors are used as trimmable circuit components for modifying and/or controlling the gain, phase, offset, frequency response, current consumption, and/or transfer function of signal pathways in parallel and/or serial processing circuits in radio frequency, analog, or mixed-signal integrated circuits.

Abstract: An RFID tag that receives a calibration instruction from a reader can determine the basic backscatter period of the symbols to be backscattered. According to some embodiments, when the instruction includes a calibration feature that is to be divided by a divide ratio, the tag measures the duration of the feature in terms of numbers of internal pulses, resulting in a binary L-number. Then at least two versions of the L-number (PR1-number, PR2-number) are combined, so as to yield the effective result of the division alternately, even when the divide ratio is a non-integer. The backscatter period can then be determined from the BP-number and the period of the internal pulses.

Abstract: A thin film heater includes at least two open regions formed along each of two spaced-apart edges of the thin film material, which edges are parallel to two spaced-apart edges of the underlying substrate. The open regions expose areas of underlying substrate. When electrical power is coupled to the two spaced-apart edges of the thin film material, uniformity of the heat generated across the thin film material is enhanced. The substrate may be planar or curved, and the open regions in the thin film material may be removed from deposited thin film material, or may be formed by preventing deposition of thin film material in such regions.

Abstract: RFID system components, such as readers and tags, communicate where the reader inventories a population of tags. The reader evaluates responses from tags by categorizing them in slots. As tags are inventoried, the number of slots based on a Q-parameter is reduced. The reader reduces the Q-parameter first in a first manner, then in a second manner where the second manner is different from the first manner. The first manner and the second manner may be different algorithms, different subroutines of an algorithm, or the same damping algorithm with different damping parameters.

Abstract: RFID system components, such as readers and tags, communicate where the reader inventories a population of tags. The reader evaluates responses from tags by categorizing them in slots. As tags are inventoried, the number of slots based on a Q-parameter is reduced. The reader determines an interim value for the Q parameter, generates a Q1 value by applying the interim value to a damping function, and uses the Q1 value in another round of interrogation. The reader then determines whether to increase or decrease the interim value depending on the tag replies. The increase or decrease may be an increment or a decrement such as incrementing or decrementing a floating point number of the interim value in a damping function that is arranged to return an integer by rounding the floating point number.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing a novel biaxially oriented film having a high diffraction of light, and flexibility. In particular, the invention disclosed provides a method for making an opaque impact copolymer film by stretching in two dimensions an impact polypropylene copolymer. The invention is disclosed to be useful for making a material particularly suitable for a variety of applications including labeling media, food packaging and laminates. Also disclosed is a multilayer film having a first impact polypropylene copolymer layer and a second layer of another polymer wherein the multilayer film has significantly reduced haze. Also disclosed is film produced with a filler that has increased porosity and flexibility.

Abstract: A frame signal (100) for communicating payloads (104, 110) of data includes a first payload field (104) and a first header field (102) with a first frame type indicator (120). The frame signal (100) also includes a second payload field (110) and a second header field (108) smaller than the first header field (102) that includes a second frame type indicator (128). The first payload field (104), first header field (102), second payload field (110), and the second header field (108) are encapsulated in a single frame (100) to provide multiple payload delivery with reduced overhead compared to individually transmitted single payload frames.

Abstract: An RFID reader inventories a population of tags. The reader evaluates responses from tags by categorizing them in slots. As tags are inventoried, the number of slots based on a Q-parameter is reduced. The reader addresses the tags by communicating a Q1 value for the Q parameter, generates first contents from replies received from the tags, and computes a first merit statistic based on the first contents. Next, the reader determines a Q2 value for the Q parameter, which if used in the same way would meet a preset fairway condition better than the first merit statistic. After determining the Q2 value, the reader addresses a portion of the tags by communicating the Q2 value for the Q parameter.

Abstract: RFID system components, such as readers and tags, communicate where the reader inventories a population of tags. The tags choose randomly one of a plurality of slots in response to each one of the values communicated by the reader and reply according to their chosen slot. The reader may initiate the inventorying by determining a Q-parameter value from a stored value and communicating the Q-parameter value to the tags. The reader may evaluate replies received from the tags in another plurality of tags, determine a second value from evaluating the second replies, and store the second value for future use.

Abstract: An RFID reader inventories a population of tags. The reader evaluates responses from tags by categorizing them in slots. As tags are inventoried, the number of slots based on a Q-parameter is reduced. The reader addresses the tags by communicating a Q1 value for the Q parameter, generates first contents from replies received from the tags, and computes a first merit statistic based on the first contents. Then, the reader repeats the process with a Q2 value. Upon computing the first and the second merit statistics, the reader determines a Q3 value for the Q parameter. If the Q3 value is substantially equal to the Q1 value, the reader continues to receive the second replies without communicating the Q3 value. If the Q3 value is different from the Q2 value, the reader uses the Q3 value for another round of iteration heuristically converging on an optimum Q value.

Abstract: Systems and methods to determine timebase and timing (i.e., time sync) of received signals in RFID systems. Multiple matched filters corresponding to multiple timebases are used to receive the preambles of signals received from RFID tags. The multiple matched filters define a range of expected timebases of the received signals. The matched filter with the maximum output signal peak is used to derive the timebase and timing of the received signal. Viterbi techniques can be used in determining the timebase and timing to incorporate a portion of the data signal in addition to the preamble. Reconfigurable matched filters can be used so that after a preliminary timebase is determined as described above, the matched filters can be reconfigured to define a new smaller range centered about the preliminary timebase. This allows the timebase to be determined with finer resolution when another preamble portion is received.

Abstract: A downlink frame processing system (200) includes a packet switch (608) routing self addressed uplink data (706) from an input port to an output port, a memory (804) coupled to the output port, and a downlink scheduler (802) coupled to the memory (804). The memory (804) includes storage for at least two downlink beam hop locations (302, 304). The downlink scheduler (802) processes from one of a plurality of segments at least one scheduling entry (1312) that includes, for example, a header field (1316) defining at least one of a payload and frame type (1404) for at least one of a payload and frame (1200) to be transmitted, and payload data pointers (1502, 1504, 1506) into the memory (804).

Abstract: A radio frequency identification tag is disclosed that is configured to transmit a signal modulated with one of more than two different subcarrier modulation frequencies such that the signal represents more than one binary bit as a single symbol.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for exchanging data between one or more RFID tags and an interrogation unit comprising transmitting a burst of data from the one or more RFID tags.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for communicating with individual tags in a population of tags having a binary tree organization, wherein each tag corresponds to a leaf node of the binary tree. The process includes singulating a predetermined leaf node and returning to a designated re-entry node associated with the predetermined leaf node after singulating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods which enhance the delivery of nucleic acids and other nucleosidic moieties via topical routes of administration. The invention relates to the use of an aqueous solution to preferentially deliver nucleic acids preferentially to hair follicles. The invention relates to a method of inhibiting hair growth comprising administration of a nucleic acid preferentially to a hair follicle.

Abstract: A decision directed phase locked loop (DD-PLL) is efficiently implemented in a communication receiver. The phase locked loop includes an enhanced block decoder inside a phase detector which takes in the baseband complex samples and the current channel phase estimate (or the tracked phase) and generates a feedback phase error term. A loop filter filters the phase error terms and a phase accumulator updates the tracked phase estimate on each iteration of the loop.

Abstract: RFID readers transmit data to query RFID tags. Before transmitting the data, the RFID readers also transmit special preambles that inform of parameters of communication that are to be used. RFID tags decode the preamble, and adjust accordingly to optimize the communication. The preambles of the invention start with a delimiter that has a substantially constant duration regardless of the communication parameters that will be used, such as transmission data rate.