Abstract: A method of synthesizing of a biocompatible and biodegradable polyurethane foam includes the steps of: mixing at least one biocompatible polyol, water, at least one stabilizer, and at least one cell opener, to form a resin mix; contacting the resin mix with at least one polyisocyanate to form a reactive liquid mixture; and reacting the reactive liquid mixture form a polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is preferably biodegradable within a living organism to biocompatible degradation products. At least one biologically active molecule having at least one active hydrogen can be added to form the resin mix.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses the finding that improvements can be achieved in manufacture of isocyanates through the use of a substitute for or a precursor of phosgene. Methods and compositions utilized in accordance with the present invention can be useful in situations in which it is difficult to use phosgene, and in particular gaseous phosgene. In some embodiments, a substitute for or a precursor of phosgene used in accordance with the present invention for preparing isocyanates is or comprises diphosgene (ClCO2CCl3).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise biodegradable composites including a polyurethane component and cells encapsulated in gel beads, as well as methods of making such composite and uses thereof. In certain embodiments the gel beads are alginate beads. The composites may be moldable and/or injectable. After implantation or injection, a composition may be set to form a porous composite that provides mechanical strength, supports the in-growth of cells, and/or delivers cells to particular tissues. Inventive composites have the advantage of being able to fill irregularly shaped implantation sites, deliver cells in a localized and noninvasive manner, and optimize cell proliferation and differentiation of delivered cells.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses the finding that certain treatments (e.g., surface modifications) to particulate materials can provide surprising and unexpected benefits and/or features to composites and/or compositions as described herein. In some embodiments, such benefits and/or features may render particular composites and/or compositions particularly useful in a certain therapeutic context (e.g, for repair of tibial plateau, femoral head, craniofacial, or lateral mandibular body defects). The present invention demonstrates that certain composites and/or compositions wherein the particular material is or comprises defatted bone have surprising and beneficial attributes.

Abstract: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold, comprising at least one polyisocyante, polyisocyanate prepolymer, or both, at least one polyester polyol, at least one catalyst, wherein the density of said scaffold is from about 50 to about 250 kg m-3 and the porosity of the scaffold is greater than about 70 (vol %) and at least 50% of the pores are interconnected with another pore, and wherein the scaffold incorporates at least one biologically active component in powder form.

Abstract: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold, comprising at least one polyisocyante, polyisocyanate prepolymer, or both, at least one polyester polyol, at least one catalyst, wherein the density of said scaffold is from about 50 to about 250 kg m-3 and the porosity of the scaffold is greater than about 70 (vol %) and at least 50% of the pores are interconnected with another pore, and wherein the scaffold incorporates at least one biologically active component in powder form.

Abstract: Present inventions present composites of particles and polymers, as well as methods of making such composite and uses thereof. A low or non-porous composite comprises a plurality of bone particles; and polyurethane components with which the bone particles are combined. Provided composites can be prepared in a one-shot process. Alternatively or additionally, composites can be prepared by compression molding under a high pressure. Before or after implantation, provided composites may be set to form a hardened state of composites that provides mechanical strength and supports the in-growth of cells.

Abstract: A flowable, injectable composite that comprises mineralized allograft bone; and at least one degradable polyurethane that has a quasi-prepolymer and a resin mix, the resin mix having a polyester polyol and a catalyst; wherein the composite has a compression strength of greater than about 10 MPa and a modulus of greater than about 1 GPa.

Abstract: Present inventions present composites of bone particles and polyurethane(s), as well as methods of making such composite and uses thereof. A porous composite comprises a plurality of bone particles; and polyurethanes with which the bone particles are combined. To prepare a porous composite, a composition comprise a plurality of bone particles, polyurethane precursors including polyisocyanate prepolymers and polyols, water and catalyst. A composition is either naturally moldable and/or injectable, or it can be made moldable and/or injectable. After implantation or injection, a composition may be set to form a porous composite that provides mechanical strength and supports the in-growth of cells. Inventive composites have the advantage of being able to fill irregularly shape implantation site while at the same time being settable to provide the mechanical strength for most orthopedic applications.

Abstract: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold that includes a HDI trimer polyisocyanate and at least one polyol; wherein the density of said scaffold is from about 50 to about 250 kg m?3 and the porosity of the scaffold is greater than about 70 (vol %) and at least 50% of the pores are interconnected with another pore. The scaffolds of the present invention are injectable as polyurethane foams, and are useful in the field of tissue engineering.

Abstract: A method for preparing biodegradable polyurethanes includes contacting a flowable quasi-pre-polymer including free aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds with a polyester polyol hardener having a functionality of at least two to form a reactive liquid mixture. The quasi-prepolymer can, for example, be formed by contacting a polyisocyanate component comprising at least one aliphatic polyisocyanate compound with a polyol component comprising at least one polyol compound to form an adduct of the polyisocyanate component and the polyol component wherein a sufficient excess of the polyisocyanate component is used to form the quasi-prepolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymer polyols having a solids content of greater than or equal to 10 to 60% by weight, a mean average particle size of at least 0.6?, and which contain a specified concentration of blinding particles. This invention also relates to a process for preparing these polymer polyols.

Abstract: A biodegradable polyurethane scaffold that includes a HDI trimer polyisocyanate and at least one polyol; wherein the density of said scaffold is from about 50 to about 250 kg m-3 and the porosity of the scaffold is greater than about 70 (vol %) and at least 50% of the pores are interconnected with another pore. The scaffolds of the present invention are injectable as polyurethane foams, and are useful in the field of tissue engineering.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing of a biocompatible and biodegradable polyurethane foam includes the steps of: mixing at least one biocompatible polyol, water, at least one stabilizer, and at least one cell opener, to form a resin mix; contacting the resin mix with at least one polyisocyanate to form a reactive liquid mixture; and reacting the reactive liquid mixture form a polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam is preferably biodegradable within a living organism to biocompatible degradation products. At least one biologically active molecule having at least one active hydrogen can be added to form the resin mix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low viscosity polymer polyols and to a process for the preparation of these low viscosity polymer polyols. These polymer polyols comprise the free-radical polymerization product of (A) a base polyol, (B) a pre-formed stabilizer, and (C) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, in the presence of (D) at least one free-radical polymerization initiator, and (E) at least one polymer control agent. The total amount of polymer control agent present in the polymer polyols of the present invention ranges from greater than about 5.0% up to about 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the polymer polyol.

Abstract: This invention relates to ethylenically unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation, and to a process for preparing these ethylenicallly unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation. The process of preparing these ethylenically unsaturated macromers comprises reacting a monofunctional compound which corresponds to a specific formula with at least one alkylene oxide, in the presence of at least one alkoxylation catalyst. The ethylenically unsaturated macromers correspond to the formula set forth herein. This invention also relates to preformed stabilizers comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers, to a process for preparing these preformed stabilizers, to polymer polyols comprising these preformed stabilizers, and to a process of preparing these polymer polyols which comprise these preformed stabilizers. Polymer polyols comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers and a process for their preparation are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low viscosity polymer polyols and to a process for the preparation of these low viscosity polymer polyols. These polymer polyols comprise the free-radical polymerization product of (A) a base polyol, (B) a pre-formed stabilizer, and (C) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, in the presence of (D) at least one free-radical polymerization initiator, and (E) at least one polymer control agent. The total amount of polymer control agent present in the polymer polyols of the present invention ranges from greater than about 5.0% up to about 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the polymer polyol.

Abstract: This invention relates to ethylenically unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation, and to a process for preparing these ethylenicallly unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation. The process of preparing these ethylenically unsaturated macromers comprises reacting a monofunctional compound which corresponds to a specific formula with at least one alkylene oxide, in the presence of at least one alkoxylation catalyst. The ethylenically unsaturated macromers correspond to the formula set forth herein. This invention also relates to preformed stabilizers comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers, to a process for preparing these preformed stabilizers, to polymer polyols comprising these preformed stabilizers, and to a process of preparing these polymer polyols which comprise these preformed stabilizers. Polymer polyols comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers and a process for their preparation are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to ethylenically unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation, and to a process for preparing these ethylenicallly unsaturated macromers which contain reactive unsaturation. The process of preparing these ethylenically unsaturated macromers comprises reacting a monofunctional compound which corresponds to a specific formula with at least one alkylene oxide, in the presence of at least one alkoxylation catalyst. The ethylenically unsaturated macromers correspond to the formula set forth herein. This invention also relates to preformed stabilizers comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers, to a process for preparing these preformed stabilizers, to polymer polyols comprising these preformed stabilizers, and to a process of preparing these polymer polyols which comprise these preformed stabilizers. Polymer polyols comprising ethylenically unsaturated macromers and a process for their preparation are also described.

Abstract: A biodegradable and biocompatible polyurethane composition synthesized by reacting isocyanate groups of at least one multifunctional isocyanate compound with at least one bioactive agent having at least one reactive group —X which is a hydroxyl group (—OH) or an amine group (—NH2). The polyurethane composition is biodegradable within a living organism to biocompatible degradation products including the bioactive agent. Preferably, the released bioactive agent affects at least one of biological activity or chemical activity in the host organism. A biodegradable polyurethane composition includes hard segments and soft segments. Each of the hard segments is preferably derived from a diurea diol or a diester diol and is preferably biodegradable into biomolecule degradation products or into biomolecule degradation products and a biocompatible diol. Another biodegradable polyurethane composition includes hard segments and soft segments.