Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator/cryocooler apparatus including: an inlet for receiving a cyclically moving volume of gas; a regenerator device fluidly connected to the inlet for storing and recovering thermal energy from the gas; a pulse tube fluidly connected to the regenerator; and a conduit fluidly connected at one end to the pulse tube and fluidly connected at its opposite end to a container, said container providing a storage volume for gas, wherein apparatus is configured such that the cyclically moving gas enters the regenerator in a direction parallel to its elongate axis.

Abstract: A container is described having a wall with a thickness defined by inner and outer surfaces, said inner surface defining an internal cavity for receiving fluid, the container having an opening through which fluid can enter/exit the container, said opening being connected to a fluid conduit at least a length of which extends through the wall in between the inner and outer surfaces thereof which exits through the inner surface to communicate with the internal cavity. Also described is a pulse tube refrigerator/cryocooler system including such a container.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator/cryocooler apparatus including: an inlet for receiving a cyclically moving volume of gas; a regenerator device fluidly connected to the inlet for storing and recovering thermal energy from the gas; a pulse tube fluidly connected to the regenerator; and a conduit fluidly connected at one end to the pulse tube and fluidly connected at its opposite end to a container, said container providing a storage volume for gas, wherein apparatus is configured such that the cyclically moving gas enters the regenerator in a direction parallel to its elongate axis.

Abstract: A container is described having a wall with a thickness defined by inner and outer surfaces, said inner surface defining an internal cavity for receiving fluid, the container having an opening through which fluid can enter/exit the container, said opening being connected to a fluid conduit at least a length of which extends through the wall in between the inner and outer surfaces thereof which exits through the inner surface to communicate with the internal cavity. Also described is a pulse tube ref rigerator/cryocooler system including such a container.

Abstract: An automated system, method and apparatus for producing welded end closures in thin-walled metal tubes, preferably sealing a radioactive source inside the tubes, by use of an electronically controlled robot that grasps and sequentially repositions the tube through a series of stations in which the tube is bottom-welded, inspected, filled, inspected, top welded and inspected, and wherein the tube bottom and top are welded using multi-directional laser beams generated by a single laser light source and discharged through a plurality of spaced-apart laser welder heads. Brachytherapy seeds containing radiolabeled microspheres are produced using the system, method and apparatus of the invention.

Abstract: An automated system, method and apparatus for producing welded end closures in thin-walled metal tubes, preferably sealing a radioactive source inside the tubes, by use of an electronically controlled robot that grasps and sequentially repositions the tube through a series of stations in which the tube is bottom-welded, inspected, filled, inspected, top welded and inspected, and wherein the tube bottom and top are welded using multi-directional laser beams generated by a single laser light source and discharged through a plurality of spaced-apart laser welder heads. Brachytherapy seeds containing radiolabeled microspheres are produced using the system, method and apparatus of the invention.

Abstract: An automated system, method and apparatus for producing welded end closures in thin-walled metal tubes, preferably sealing a radioactive source inside the tubes, by use of an electronically controlled robot that grasps and sequentially repositions the tube through a series of stations in which the tube is bottom-welded, inspected, filled, inspected, top welded and inspected, and wherein the tube bottom and top are welded using multi-directional laser beams generated by a single laser light source and discharged through a plurality of spaced-apart laser welder heads. Brachytherapy seeds containing radiolabeled microspheres are produced using the system, method and apparatus of the invention.