Abstract: Fluid treatment elements substantially inhibit electrical charge imbalances and/or build-ups of electrical charges. A fluid treatment element may comprise a multilayer composite including an electrically conductive fibrous matrix, having an upstream side and a downstream side, disposed on a porous substrate, also having an upstream side and a downstream side, which supports the fibrous matrix. The fibrous matrix may include a combination of conductive and nonconductive fibers. The multilayer composite may also include a drainage layer positioned along one of the upstream side of the fibrous matrix and the downstream side of the porous substrate.

Abstract: Fluid treatment elements substantially inhibit electrical charge imbalances and/or build-ups of electrical charges. A fluid treatment element may comprise a multilayer composite including an electrically conductive fibrous matrix, having an upstream side and a downstream side, disposed on a porous substrate, also having an upstream side and a downstream side, which supports the fibrous matrix. The fibrous matrix may include a combination of conductive and nonconductive fibers. The multilayer composite may also include a drainage layer positioned along one of the upstream side of the fibrous matrix and the downstream side of the porous substrate.

Abstract: Fluid treatment elements substantially inhibit electrical charge imbalances and/or build-ups of electrical charges. A fluid treatment element may comprise a multilayer composite including an electrically conductive fibrous matrix, having an upstream side and a downstream side, disposed on a porous substrate, also having an upstream side and a downstream side, which supports the fibrous matrix. The fibrous matrix may include a combination of conductive and nonconductive fibers. The multilayer composite may also include a drainage layer positioned along one of the upstream side of the fibrous matrix and the downstream side of the porous substrate.

Abstract: Fluid treatment elements substantially inhibit electrical charge imbalances and/or build-ups of electrical charges. A fluid treatment element may comprise a multilayer composite including an electrically conductive fibrous matrix, having an upstream side and a downstream side, disposed on a porous substrate, also having an upstream side and a downstream side, which supports the fibrous matrix. The fibrous matrix may include a combination of conductive and nonconductive fibers. The multilayer composite may also include a drainage layer positioned along one of the upstream side of the fibrous matrix and the downstream side of the porous substrate.

Abstract: Fluid treatment elements substantially inhibit electrical charge imbalances and/or build-ups of electrical charges. A fluid treatment element may comprise a multilayer composite including an electrically conductive fibrous matrix, having an upstream side and a downstream side, disposed on a porous substrate, also having an upstream side and a downstream side, which supports the fibrous matrix. The fibrous matrix may include a combination of conductive and nonconductive fibers, wherein the conductive fibers include metal, carbon, or conductive polymer fibers and substantially inhibit an electrical charge and/or build-up of electrical charge. The conductive fibers of the electrically conductive fibrous matrix may comprise less than about 50% by weight of the conductive and nonconductive fibers and may have diameters in the range from about 1 ?m or less to about 10 ?m.

Abstract: A fluid treatment element for treating a fluid flowing through the element comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer electrically connected to the first conductive layer. The element further comprises a nonconductive porous treatment medium between the first and second conductive layers. The first and second conductive layers are positioned to offset electrical imbalances caused by fluid flowing through the nonconductive porous treatment medium.

Abstract: A coalescing element is provided which is capable of separating a continuous phase fluid from a discontinuous phase fluid. The coalescing element includes a wrap structure which facilitates the coalescing process by conglomerating smaller droplets of the discontinuous phase fluid into larger droplets which may be of a size that will prevent them from being re-entrained.

Abstract: A liquid purification system capable of separating a first liquid from a second liquid, in which the first liquid is a corrosive aqueous liquid that is wholly or partly immiscible in and forms a discontinuous phase with a second, continuous phase-forming organic liquid is provided including a housing, a fluid inlet in the housing, a first liquid outlet in the housing, a second liquid outlet in the housing, at least one coalescing assembly for coalescing the first liquid, and a liquid separating region in the housing. The coalescing assembly has at least one coalescing element which includes a halocarbon polymer packing material having a solid capture efficiency of as high as 20 .mu.m, is substantially chemically inert to corrosive liquids and is adapted to separate liquids differing in interfacial tension of at least about 0.6 dynes/cm.

Abstract: A liquid purification system is provided which is capable of separating a first liquid, that is wholly or partly immiscible in and forms a discontinuous phase with a second, continuous phase-forming liquid, from the second liquid, which includes at least one coalescing element or assembly for coalescing the first liquid having at least one fluid inlet at the top thereof; and at least one separating element or assembly for separating droplets of the first liquid from the second liquid, the at least one coalescing element or assembly being arranged in superposed and fluid communicable relationship above the at least one separating element or assembly