Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing slag in a black liquor recovery boiler, the process comprising: injecting and burning black liquor in a boiler by contacting it with primary air and secondary air; introducing a slag-reducing chemical into the gases above the injection locations through interlaced, tangential or concentric secondary, tertiary, and/or quarternary air ports.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for reducing slag in a black liquor recovery boiler, the process comprising: injecting and burning black liquor in a boiler by contacting it with primary air and secondary air; introducing a slag-reducing chemical into the gases above the injection locations through interlaced, tangential or concentric secondary, tertiary, and/or quarternary air ports.

Abstract: A slag and corrosion control process is described. The process entails: identifying the location of at least one slagging problem area in a boiler; introducing a slag control chemical comprising magnesium oxide or hydroxide into combustion gases in a location identified as having a slagging problem; identifying the location of at least one corrosion problem area in a boiler; and introducing a corrosion control chemical comprising a sulfate salt, bisulfite salt, sulfuric acid, or sulfur into combustion gases in a location identified as having a corrosion problem. In operation, these slag deposits will be sufficiently friable to be removed by relatively moderate application of physical energy, thus saving time and reducing any damage to the tubes by the cleaning process. The slag deposits are less voluminous and less in weight and are removed quickly. It is an advantage of the invention that slag can be removed with little or no shut down of a boiler.

Abstract: A corrosion control process is described. The process is especially useful in the control of chloride corrosion in waste to energy boilers. Corrosion of high temperature surfaces can be assessed by the monitor and controlled introduction of treatment chemicals by targeted in furnace injection reduces corrosion while maximizing combustion efficiency. A corrosion monitor is also described. Before and following selection of corrosion control chemicals and the locations for targeted in furnace injection, injection regimen and chemical selection and introduction parameters are monitored with the aid of the method and apparatus of the invention to adjust one or more control parameters to reduce corrosion. A preferred method will employ a treatment chemical that comprises an SO2 or SO3 reagent, e.g., sulfuric acid, sulfur, a sulfate salt or a bisulfite salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to detergent compositions comprising from 10-60 wt % of a surfactant system and having a maximum Residues Index of 25 and a maximum Secondary Residues Index of 15. The detergents claim provide good performance in the wash based on the quantities of detergent components in the compositions.

Abstract: A detergent granule and tablets which comprises an anionic surfactant system which comprises an anionic sulphate surfactant and/or an anionic sulphonate surfactant and other detergent active ingredients, the granule comprising at least a first and a second particulate component and optionally a binding agent, characterised in that the ratio of anionic sulphate surfactant to anionic sulphonate surfactant in the particulate components and in the optional binding agent is less than 1:4 or more than 4:1, preferably even less than 1:5 or more than 5:1. The invention also relates to specific granules comprising restricted degree of mixing of anionic sulphonate surfactant and zeolite, anionic sulphate surfactant and carbonate salts and/or restricted degree of mixing of polymeric builder and anionic surfactant, in particular sulphate surfactants.

Abstract: A convenient process for making builder material which has substantially improved performance and is significantly less expensive than previous builders is provided. The builder material has improved performance in that it unexpectedly has a high calcium ion exchange capacity and rate, and is easy to handle, process and disperse in washing solutions. In its broadest aspect, the invention is directed to a process involving converting starting materials (via any means including but not limited to heating and precipitating) to a builder material having at least one crystalline microstructure including a carbonate anion, calcium cation and at least one water-soluble cation. The microstructure should have a sufficient number of anions and cations so as to be "balanced" or "neutral" in charge.