Abstract: This invention provides fluorous-based methods and compositions for preparation, separation and analysis of complex biologically-derived samples, such as proteomic and metabolomic samples.

Abstract: The present invention relates to three-dimensional microstructures and methods for making these microstructures, particularly microstructures having integral features less than about 1 mm. Examples of these microstructures include trusses. The microstructures can be prepared from two-dimensional structures having a deformable portion. Thus, by applying a deformation along these deformable portions, e.g. bending, a third-dimension can be created. The deformable portions can comprise thinner dimensions than more rigid portions to allow facile deformation to a predetermined angle or orientation. Electroplating at least a portion of the three-dimensional microstructure with a metal coating allows the formation of integral features in addition to covering any defects formed by the deformation and/or strengthening any thin components. The initial two-dimensional microstructure can be prepared by various patterning methods such as soft lithographic methods.

Abstract: A system is provided for positioning separate portions of a sample in elongate, parallel channels of a sample chamber and for irradiating a sample in the chamber to create a diffraction pattern where the sample and chamber differ in refractive index. The system also can measure absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a sample in the chamber, and can measure the absorption simultaneously with measurement of diffraction by the sample.

Abstract: A technique for forming high-carbon structural articles, such as glassy carbon articles, is provided that involves molding fluid precursors of the article into a predetermined shape, followed by carbonization of the articles. An elastomeric mold can be used to mold the precursors, and the resultant, free-standing articles have features on the micron or nanometer scale. A variety of useful articles including sensors, actuators, microelectromechanical systems, transmission electron microscopy grids, and the like are provided.