Abstract: A method allocates quantities of an underlying financial product for a plurality of orders, each being for a quantity of a derivative financial product counter to a previously received order for the derivative financial product and characterized by a ratio of the quantity of the derivative financial product to a quantity of the underlying financial product, and includes receiving first and second orders for quantities of the derivative financial product, computing first and second quantities of the underlying financial product, based on the first and second orders to achieve the ratio, rounding the first quantity to determine a first whole number quantity, generating a composite quantity of the underlying financial product based on the first and second quantities, generating a rounded representation of the composite quantity, and determining a second whole number quantity of the underlying financial product based on the rounded representation and the first whole number quantity.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to mechanisms to rapidly detect and respond to situations where a market is not operating in a fair and balanced manner or otherwise where the market value is not reflective of a true consensus of the value of the traded products among the market participants. In particular, the disclosed embodiments continually scan for, rapidly detect and respond to extreme changes, either up (“spike”) or down (“dip”) in the market, such as a “flash crash,” where a precipitous market move occurs. Generally, the disclosed embodiments determine when a market for a particular product moves too quickly in too short of period of time, e.g. the velocity of the market exceeds a defined threshold limit.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to mechanisms to rapidly detect and respond to situations where a market is not operating in a fair and balanced manner or otherwise where the market value is not reflective of a true consensus of the value of the traded products among the market participants. In particular, the disclosed embodiments continually scan for, rapidly detect and respond to extreme changes, either up (“spike”) or down (“dip”) in the market, such as a “flash crash,” where a precipitous market move occurs. Generally, the disclosed embodiments determine when a market for a particular product moves too quickly in too short of period of time, e.g. the velocity of the market exceeds a defined threshold limit.

Abstract: In an Exchange which assigns only a whole number/integer representation of a computed number of futures contracts to a covered order for one or more option contracts, a method allocates quantities of an underlying financial product in connection with a plurality of orders, each being for a quantity of a derivative financial product derived from the underlying financial product and each being counter to a previously received order for a quantity of the derivative financial product, the previously received order being further characterized by a specified ratio of the quantity of the derivative financial product thereof to a quantity of the underlying financial product.