Abstract: Integrated circuitry comprising a ribbon or wire (RoW) transistor stack within which the transistors have different threshold voltages (Vt). In some examples, a gate electrode of the transistor stack may include only one workfunction metal. A metal oxide may be deposited around one or more channels of the transistor stack as a solid-state source of a metal oxide species that will diffuse toward the channel region(s). As diffused, the metal oxide may remain (e.g., as a silicate, or hafnate) in close proximity to the channel region, thereby altering the dipole properties of the gate insulator material. Different channels of a transistor stack may be exposed to differing amounts or types of the metal oxide species to provide a range of Vt within the stack. After diffusion, the metal oxide may be stripped as sacrificial, or retained.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for call classification and for training a model for call classification, an example method comprising: receiving DTMF information from a plurality of calls; determining, for each of the calls, a feature vector including statistics based on DTMF information such as DTMF residual signal comprising channel noise and additive noise; training a model for classification; comparing a new call feature vector to the model; predicting a device type and geographic location based on the comparison of the new call feature vector to the model; classifying the call as spoofed or genuine; and authenticating a call or altering an IVR call flow.

Abstract: A multi-use tool of small form factor such as can be used for at least clipping an object, clipping to an object, retaining another object. Additional embodiments can include magnetic mounting and/or task lighting. A plurality of such tools could be used for trail marking by using a plurality clipped, mounted, or even dropped along a path. The multi-use tool with a light source can include illumination or trail marking plus different mounting features. One is a clamp. Another is a magnetic mount. All these features can be integrated into a single disposable assembly.

Abstract: A multi-use tool of small form factor such as can be used for at least clipping an object, clipping to an object, retaining another object. Additional embodiments can include magnetic mounting and/or task lighting. A plurality of such tools could be used for trail marking by using a plurality clipped, mounted, or even dropped along a path. The multi-use tool with a light source can include illumination or trail marking plus different mounting features. One is a clamp. Another is a magnetic mount. All these features can be integrated into a single disposable assembly.

Abstract: Resources including electricity, water, gas, and/or other resources of building structures may be monitored and/or controlled by an administrator via a dashboard interface. A usage field presented via the dashboard interface may convey information associated with usage of a resource of a structure. The information conveyed by the usage field may be determined based on a selected breakdown, which may include one or more of a breakdown of resource usage by panel, by location, by usage type, by security level, and/or by other breakdowns. The information conveyed by the usage field may be determined based on a selected region, which may include one or more of a group of structures, portions of structures in a group, a single structure, a portion of a structure, a floor of a structure, a room of a structure, a hallway of a structure, a stairwell of a structure, and/or other spatial region.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that employs a start-up heater. The heater is coupled to a cold plate that warms a stack coolant during system start-up. A heater circuit measures the voltage at the output of the fuel cell stack and across the heater and the current through the fuel cell stack and through the heater. The heater circuit controls the amount heat that the heater generates by the measured voltage and current and the available power at the output of the fuel cell stack. In one embodiment, the heater includes field effect transistors (FETs) and planar resistors directly mounted to the cold plate. The FETs operate in their linear mode, allowing only the amount of current, which is required at a given voltage, to produce the power needed from the stack.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that includes a fuel cell stack providing high voltage power. A tap is electrically coupled to the positive end of the stack to provide a positive voltage output terminal of the fuel cell stack, and a tap is electrically coupled to the negative end of the stack to provide a negative output terminal of the fuel cell stack. A low voltage tap is electrically coupled to one or more intermediate bipolar plates of the stack to provide low voltage power. Several intermediate taps can be electrically coupled to the bipolar plates, where a center intermediate tap is designated a reference potential tap. A switching network switches the several voltage potentials to provide an AC signal.

Abstract: A system for detecting an isolation fault in a multi-stack fuel cell system. The system determines the percentage of the voltage from each stack in the multi-stack that contributes to the voltage at a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the stack when a no-fault condition exists. The system then uses those percentages and the actual measured stack voltages to determine if a fault condition exists. The actual voltage measurement at the positive terminal is compared to the calculated voltage contribution from each stack at the positive terminal for the no-fault condition. Also, the actual voltage measurement at the negative terminal is compared to the calculated voltage contribution from each, stack at the negative terminal for the no-fault condition. If there is a significant enough different between the calculated voltage for a no-fault condition and the calculated percentage of the actual voltage measurements, than a fault condition exists.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that includes a fuel cell stack providing high voltage power. A tap is electrically coupled to the positive end of the stack to provide a positive voltage output terminal of the fuel cell stack, and a tap is electrically coupled to the negative end of the stack to provide a negative output terminal of the fuel cell stack. A low voltage tap is electrically coupled to one or more intermediate bipolar plates of the stack to provide low voltage power. Several intermediate taps can be electrically coupled to the bipolar plates, where a center intermediate tap is designated a reference potential tap. A switching network switches the several voltage potentials to provide an AC signal.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that employs a start-up heater. The heater is coupled to a cold plate that warms a stack coolant during system start-up. A heater circuit measures the voltage at the output of the fuel cell stack and across the heater and the current through the fuel cell stack and through the heater. The heater circuit controls the amount heat that the heater generates by the measured voltage and current and the available power at the output of the fuel cell stack. In one embodiment, the heater includes field effect transistors (FETs) and planar resistors directly mounted to the cold plate. The FETs operate in their linear mode, allowing only the amount of current, which is required at a given voltage, to produce the power needed from the stack.

Abstract: A technique for providing high voltage isolation detection in a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes a high voltage component and a fuel cell stack. A first conductor is electrically coupled to a positive terminal and the high voltage component, and a second conductor is electrically coupled to a negative terminal and the high voltage component. Current propagating through the first and second conductors is in opposite directions. The first and second conductors extend through an opening in a torroid. The current propagating through the conductors generate magnetic fields that are concentrated by the torroid. A sensor is positioned within the torroid that detects the magnetic fields. If the high voltage component is electrically isolated, then the magnetic fields cancel. If the high voltage component is not isolated, the magnetic fields do not cancel, and the sensor provides a signal indicative of the isolation fault.

Abstract: A fuel cell monitoring system for monitoring the voltage output of the fuel cells in a fuel cell stack. The monitoring system includes a wheatstone bridge having at least one giant magnetoresistive thin film device. The system further includes a switching network that selectively couples each cell to a conductive trace so that the current generated by the cell flows through the trace. The trace runs proximate to the wheatstone bridge so that the magnetic field generated by the current flow causes the magnetoresistive device to decrease its resistance, and thus, unbalance the wheatstone bridge. The unbalanced bridge provides a voltage potential that is detected and amplified by a differencing amplifier. The output of the amplifier is representative of the voltage output of the fuel cell.

Abstract: A mechanization of a fuel cell system and a method of operating the same is provided which simplifies the start-up of the fuel cell system. The fuel cell system can be started up without using any battery derived high voltage power to drive a high voltage compressor. The present invention provides for the use of a low voltage blower to provide oxygen to the cathode side of the fuel cell stack to enable start-up of the fuel cell stack without the initial use of a high voltage compressor. The low voltage blower can be powered by a low voltage power source and/or the voltage produced by the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: A system for detecting an isolation fault in a multi-stack fuel cell system. The system determines the percentage of the voltage from each stack in the multi-stack that contributes to the voltage at a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the stack when a no-fault condition exists. The system then uses those percentages and the actual measured stack voltages to determine if a fault condition exists. The actual voltage measurement at the positive terminal is compared to the calculated voltage contribution from each stack at the positive terminal for the no-fault condition. Also, the actual voltage measurement at the negative terminal is compared to the calculated voltage contribution from each, stack at the negative terminal for the no-fault condition. If there is a significant enough different between the calculated voltage for a no-fault condition and the calculated percentage of the actual voltage measurements, than a fault condition exists.

Abstract: A device and method for supplying ink to ink jet printer heads comprising first and second carriage portions non-rigidly coupled such that the two carriage portions are free to rotate independently about their guide rod axis, but are constrained to move together axially. The first carriage portion contains one or more ink jet cartridges supplied with ink via connecting tubes having self-sealing septum attached to corresponding ink outlets on the second carriage portion. The ink outlets on the second carriage portion preferably comprise valves with actuators. The actuators preferably act to secure the septum within the ink outlets, and are preferably disposed such that the valve is closed when the actuator is raised, and open when the actuator is lowered.