Abstract: A solution of amphiphilic molecules and water is atomized to form a mist of droplets which are deposited on a substrate surface to completely cover same with a coating of the solution. The amphiphilic molecules in the coating self-assemble on the surface into a continuous thin film that is less than 500 nanometers thick. The water is evaporated from the coating to leave only the film chemically bonded to the surface.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which comprise parallel, multiring, porphyrin-related compounds, particularly two-ring phthalocyanine compounds, which have a coordinating atom, either a metal or a metalloid, located at their center. The coordinating atoms in adjacent rings are connected by an oxygen bridge along an axial backbone disposed at right angles to the rings, and the coordinating atom and the ring on one end of the axis has a hydrophilic group attached thereto, while the coordinating atom in the ring at the other end of the axis has a hydrophobic group attached to it. Semiconducting films made from such compounds and devices made from such films, especially gas sensors, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ultra-thin, self-assembling molecular film has thickness, length and width dimensions. Ampliphilic molecules in the film are ordered in the thickness dimension, and are arranged in crystals that are aligned in both the length and width dimensions. This molecular alignment in all three film dimensions provides a film having more uniform properties.

Abstract: A solution of amphiphilic molecules and water is atomized to form a mist of droplets which are deposited on a substrate surface to completely cover same with a coating of the solution. The amphiphilic molecules in the coating self-assemble on the surface into a continuous thin film that is less than 500 nanometers thick. The water is evaporated from the coating to leave only the film chemically bonded to the surface.

Abstract: An ultra-thin, self-assembling molecular film has ordered amphiphilic molecules that are oriented relative to one another in two directions. The improved method of the present application makes it possible to form the film in a continuous fashion with the ordered molecules arranged in oriented crystals.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed which comprise parallel, multiring, porphyrin-related compounds, particularly two-ring phthalocyanine compounds, which have a coordinating atom, either a metal or a metalloid, located at their center. The coordinating atoms in adjacent rings are connected by an oxygen bridge along an axial backbone disposed at right angles to the rings, and the coordinating atom and the ring on one end of the axis has a hydrophilic group attached thereto, while the coordinating atom in the ring at the other end of the axis has a hydrophobic group attached to it. Semiconducting films made from such compounds and devices made from such films, especially gas sensors, are also disclosed.